Download Earth Science Chapter 5 Section 1 Review

Name: ________________________ Class: ___________________ Date: __________
ID: A
Earth Science Chapter 5 Section 1 Review
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. The process that occurs when physical forces break rock into smaller pieces without changing the rock’s
chemical composition is called ____.
a. differential weathering
c. mechanical weathering
b. chemical weathering
d. erosion
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2. Which of the following weathering processes involves the constant freezing and thawing of water?
a. unloading
c. exfoliation
b. frost wedging
d. spheroidal weathering
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3. Which of the following is NOT associated with mechanical weathering?
a. frost wedging
c. biological activity
b. unloading
d. reactions with oxygen
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4. Which of the following is NOT related to chemical weathering?
a. frost wedging
c. reactions with oxygen
b. dissolution
d. reactions with water
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5. The gradual rounding of the corners and edges of angular blocks of rock is called ____.
a. exfoliation
c. spheroidal weathering
b. unloading
d. mechanical weathering
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6. Which of the following is the result of chemical weathering?
a. a rock that has been changed into one or more new compounds
b. a rock that has been broken into tiny pieces
c. a rock that has been split in two
d. a rock that has lost its outer layers
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7. Which of the following is NOT a factor that affects the rate of weathering in rocks?
a. biological evolution
b. climate
c. rock characteristics
d. amount of exposed surface area
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8. Which of these factors affects the rate of weathering?
a. climate
b. chemical composition of the exposed rock
c. surface area of the exposed rock
d. all of the above
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9. Rock features such as the sculpted pinnacles seen in Bryce Canyon National Park are the result of ____.
a. exfoliation
c. unloading
b. differential weathering
d. frost wedging
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
Completion
Complete each statement.
10. The process called _________________________ involves physical forces that break rock into smaller
pieces.
11. In the process of ____________________, water freezes and expands, enlarging cracks in rocks.
12. The process called ____________________ occurs when large masses of igneous rock, particularly granite,
begin to break loose like the layers of an onion.
13. The process that changes rock into one or more new compounds is called ____________________.
14. The most important agent of chemical weathering is ____________________.
15. The factors that affect the rate of weathering are ____________________, climate, and the amount of surface
area of exposed rock.
Short Answer: ON THE TEST, you will have to complete TWO SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS from ALL of
the short answer questions that appear in the chapter.
16. What are the three processes that break rocks into smaller pieces during mechanical weathering?
17. List three factors that affect the rate of weathering.
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
Essay: ON THE TEST, you will have to complete ONE ESSAY QUESTION from ALL of the essay questions that
appear in the chapter.
18. Explain how mechanical weathering can affect the rate of chemical weathering. Give an example.
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ID: A
Earth Science Chapter 5 Section 1 Review
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
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9.
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A
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A
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COMPLETION
10. ANS: mechanical weathering
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
11. ANS: frost wedging
OBJ: 5.1
PTS: 1
12. ANS: exfoliation
DIF: L1
OBJ: 5.1
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
13. ANS: chemical weathering
OBJ: 5.1
PTS: 1
14. ANS: water
DIF: L1
OBJ: 5.2
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
15. ANS: rock characteristics
OBJ: 5.2
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
OBJ: 5.3
SHORT ANSWER
16. ANS:
frost wedging, unloading or exfoliation, and biological activity
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
OBJ: 5.1
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ID: A
17. ANS:
the amount of surface area of exposed rock, rock characteristics, and climate
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
OBJ: 5.3
ESSAY
18. ANS:
Mechanical weathering breaks up rock into smaller pieces, exposing more surface area of the rock and
making it easier for chemical weathering to occur. A rock that is broken up into pieces has more areas
exposed to chemical weathering agents, while a rock that remains in one piece has fewer exposed surface
areas and will weather more slowly. Biological activity, such as the growing of plant roots, breaks up rocks.
Also, the roots may form organic acids as they decompose, causing an increase in chemical weathering.
Breaking up the rock allows water to get down into the rock, causing more chemical weathering.
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
OBJ: 5.1
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