Download CY6251-Engineering Chemistry-II - Valliammai Engineering College

VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE
SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur – 603 203
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY
QUESTION BANK
II SEMESTER
CY 6251 – Engineering Chemistry-II
Regulation – 2013
Academic Year 2016 – 17
Prepared by
S.No.
Unit
Topic
1
I
Water Technology
2
II
Electrochemistry & Corrosion
3
III
Energy Sources
4
IV
Engineering Materials
5
V
Fuels & Combustion
Staff
Mr. V. Arivalagan
Dr. N. Jayaprakash
Dr. L. Devaraj Stephen
Mr. R. Balaji
Ms. K. Anandhi
Ms. R. Kamakshi
Ms. M. Meera
Dr. M. Soundarrajan
Dr. J. Krishnamurthi
Dr. S.G. Gunasekaran
Department of Chemistry, Valliammai Engineering College, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur 603 203
VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE
SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur – 603 203.
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY
UNIT I - WATER TECHNOLOGY
PART - A
Q.No
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Questions
BT Level
What is hardness? How is it classified?
1
Why is water softened before using in the boilers? List out
3
the disadvantages of using hard water in boilers.
Distinguish priming and foaming?
2
How is boiler corrosion prevented?
3
What is meant by caustic embrittlement?
2
Define softening or conditioning of water?
1
How is calgon conditioning better than phosphate
4
conditioning?
How is the exhausted resin regenerated?
2
What are boiler compounds?
1
Every soft water is not a demineralized water whereas every
4
demineralized water is a soft water. Justify.
Mention any two advantages of zeolite or permutit process.
3
Define desalination.
1
Compare internal conditioning with external conditioning.
4
What is ion exchange resin?
1
What is reverse osmosis (RO)?
1
Name the salts responsible for scale and sludge.
2
Mention any four methods of converting brackish water into
1
fresh water.
How is blow down operation applied to remove hard water?
3
How is desalination carried out?
4
Explain about the carry over? How is it caused?
2
PART - B
i. How do you identify the hard and soft water? Explain the
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types of hard water.
ii. What are the boiler troubles or disadvantages of using hard
water in the boiler? How are they caused? Suggest steps to
minimize the boiler troubles.
1
i. Differentiate scales and sludges.
2
ii. Discuss the causes and prevention of priming and foaming.
4
i. Explain the caustic embrittlement with example. How do
you solve this problem?
ii. Indicate the reason for boiler corrosion. How can it be
prevented?
i. What is boiler feed water? What are its requirements and
explain its drawbacks?
ii. Explain with chemical reaction of the demineralization or
ion exchange process. Or how is hard water converted into
soft water using ion exchange process?
i. How is hard water softened by zeolite or permutit process?
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Department of Chemistry, Valliammai Engineering College, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur 603 203
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ii. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of zeolite
process?
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i. What are the differences between ion exchange process
and zeolite process?
ii. How is internal treatment of boiler water carried out using
carbonate, phosphate and calgon conditioning method?
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i. Compare internal conditioning with external conditioning.
ii. Write the advantages and disadvantages of external
treatment of water.
i. What is desalination? With a neat diagram describe the
Reverse Osmosis method for the desalination of brackish
water.
ii. How will you regenerate the exhausted ion exchange resin
and zeolite?
i. Explain the following
a. Carry over process
b. Blow down operation
c. Boiler feed water
d. Brackish water
ii. How are oxygen and carbon dioxide removed from water?
i. How is calgon conditioning is superior to phosphate
conditioning?
ii. Explain the disadvantages of scale formation?
i. What are the requirements of boiler feed water?
ii. What are the factors which causes boiler corrosion? How
can it be minimized?
i. Give an account of internal treatment of boiler water.
ii. Draw a suitable diagram and describe the Ion exchange
process for the softening of boiler water.
i. Define the term Desalination with a neat diagram describe
Desalination by Reverse osmosis method.
ii. Describe the principle and procedure involved in the
Zeolite process for water treatment.
i. Write briefly the various methods of internal condition of
boiler feed water.
ii. Explain the boiler troubles, Scales and Caustic
embrittlement in detail.
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Department of Chemistry, Valliammai Engineering College, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur 603 203
VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE
SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur – 603 203.
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY
UNIT II - ELECTROCHEMISTRY AND CORROSION
PART - A
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Questions
Define Electrochemical (Galvanic) cell?
Describe Standard Electrode Potential?
What are the factors which affects the emf of the cell?
Can we use nickel spatula to stir a solution of copper
sulphate?
Define a reference electrode. Give an example.
Write the significance of electrochemical series.
Illustrate the conditions for an electrochemical cell to act as a
standard cell.
What is corrosion? Give an example.
What is Pilling-Bedworth rule? Discuss its importance.
State Pilling-Bedworth ratio?
Compare Dry corrosion and Wet corrosion.
Bolt and nut made of same metal is preferred in practice.
Why?
What is water line corrosion? Give example.
Discuss pitting corrosion.
Explain cathodic protection. Mention its two applications.
How is galvanic corrosion prevented?
What is a paint? Mention its constituents.
Describe electroplating? (or) Give the principle of
Electrodeposition.
Compose the Nernst equation for the cell, Zn(s)/Zn(aq) ‖
BT Level
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Mg(aq)/Mg(s)
Classify the advantages of electroless plating over
electroplating.
PART - B
i. Derive Nernst equation and give its significance
(applications).
ii. Calculate the standard electrode potential of zinc electrode
dipped in 0.1 M ZnSO4 at 25 C (E⁰ Zn/Zn2+ = 0.76 V)
i. Compare electrolytic cell and electrochemical cell.
ii. Discuss the measurement of single electrode potential.
i. Consider the cell reaction Zn+Fe2+ (0.005) → Zn2+ (0.01)
+ Fe. Given that the standard emf of the cell is 0.323V at
298K. Construct the cell and calculate emf of cell.
ii. Calculate the reduction potential of Cu2+ (0.5M) / Cu at
25⁰C. E⁰(Cu2+/Cu) = 0.337 V
i. Compose the cell reactions of the following cells.
1. Zn(s)/Zn2+(0.01M)‖ Ni2+(0.5M)/Ni(s)
2. Zn(s)/Zn2+(aq)‖ Ag+(aq)/Ag(s)
3. Ni(s)/Ni2+(1M)‖ Pb2+(1M)/Pb(s)
4. Zn(s)/Zn2+(0.01M)‖ Ni2+(0.5M)/Ni(s)
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Department of Chemistry, Valliammai Engineering College, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur 603 203
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5. Ag(s)/Ag (aq)‖ pt,H2(g)/H2(g)
ii. What is electrochemical series? Give its applications
i. Analyse dry (or) chemical corrosion with suitable examples
and diagrams. (OR) What is chemical corrosion? Explain
5.
the mechanism of oxidation corrosion.
ii. State the differences between electrochemical corrosion and
chemical corrosion.
i. Discuss wet (or) electrochemical corrosion with suitable
examples and diagrams. (OR) Describe the mechanism of
6.
electrochemical corrosion.
ii. Explain differential aeration corrosion and galvanic
corrosion with suitable illustrations.
i. What are the factors which influences the rate of corrosion?
7. ii. Explain the sacrificial anode and impressed current cathodic
techniques for the prevention of corrosion.
i. How will you control corrosion by material selection and
8.
design aspects?
ii. Formulate the mechanism for drying oil.
i. What are paints? Give its constituents and function with
examples.
9.
ii. Explain the process of electrodeposition taking a suitable
example (or) How is electroplating of copper carried out?
i. What is meant by electroless plating? With a neat sketch
10.
explain the electroless plating of nickel.
ii. Differentiate electroplating and electroless plating.
i. Explain the terms, cell potential and single electrode
potential and describe the method of determination of
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electrode potential
ii. How electrode potential can be obtained from Nernst
Equation.
i. Define EMF Series. Explain its significance
ii. Discuss the importance of design and material selection in
12.
controlling corrosion.
i. Illustrate Electroless plating and explain the plating of Ni by
this process
13.
ii. Explain how corrosion is controlled by sacrificial anode
i. Bring out the application of emf series.
14. ii. Discuss the factors which influence the chemical and
electrochemical corrosion.
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Department of Chemistry, Valliammai Engineering College, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur 603 203
VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE
SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur – 603 203.
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY
UNIT III - ENERGY SOURCES AND STORAGE DEVICES
PART - A
Q.No
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Questions
BT Level
Define nuclear fission with example.
Mention a few important characteristics of nuclear
fission.
What is nuclear fusion reaction? Give an example.
Illustrate nuclear chain reaction?
Distinguish nuclear fission and nuclear fusion reaction.
What is critical mass, super and sub critical mass?
Give the role of moderators in a nuclear reactor.
Differentiate fissile and fertile nucleides.
What are the components of a nuclear reactor?
Discuss breeder reactor.
Describe the construction of photo galvanic cell.
List the advantages of wind energy.
Explain primary and secondary batteries with example.
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Write the charging and discharging reaction of lead acid
accumulator?
Construct a NICAD battery and give its cell reactions.
Lithium battery is the widely used battery. Comment on it.
Analyse the advantages of alkaline battery over dry battery.
Will the emf of a battery vary with size? Give reasons.
Describe the factors that impede the nuclear chain reaction.
Explain about batteries and its basic requirements.
PART - B
i. What is fission reaction? Illustrate the mechanism with
example.
ii. What is meant by nuclear energy? How to improve nuclear
energy in a nuclear reactor.
i. Differentiate nuclear fission and nuclear fusion reaction.
With the help of a neat sketch explain the working of a
nuclear reactor.
ii. With the help of a neat sketch explain the working of
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a nuclear reactor.
iii. Explain the following with example
Nuclear fission ii) Nuclear fusion
3.
iv. Illustrate breeder reactor with an example.
i. What is a nuclear chain reaction? Explain its principles and
characteristics.
4. ii. What is nuclear fusion? Give an example and explain why
the energy cannot be harnessed.
Department of Chemistry, Valliammai Engineering College, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur 603 203
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i. Analyse the components and its functions of a Light water
nuclear reactor with a suitable diagram.
ii. How a fertile nuclei can be converted to a fissile nuclei?
Explain.
i. Compare and contrast nuclear reactions.
ii. What is a photovoltaic cell? Explain its construction and
working with a neat diagram.
i. How wind energy is converted into electrical energy?
Explain
ii. Discuss the principle and applications of photo galvanic
cell.
i. Describe the principle behind the functioning of solar cell.
ii. State the merits and demerits of solar energy
i. State the advantages and limitations of wind energy.
ii. Construct an alkaline battery and explain its working.
i. Describe the construction and working of H2O2 fuel cell.
ii. Explain the construction and working of Lead acid battery.
i. Discuss how Li – S battery works
ii. Write a note on NICAD battery.
i. Write notes on Li- TiS2 battery.
ii. Write in detail about the classification of energy storage
devices.
i. Describe the construction of Lead acid accumulator with
reactions occurring during discharging and recharging.
ii. How is a solid state Li battery constructed? Describe its
functioning.
i. Describe the first charge and discharging reactions of NiCd cell. Give the advantages of it over Lead acid battery.
ii. With a neat diagram explain the working principle of any
one of the flow battery.
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Department of Chemistry, Valliammai Engineering College, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur 603 203
VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE
SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur – 603 203.
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY
UNIT IV - ENGINEERING MATERIALS
PART - A
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Questions
What is abrasive? How it is measured?
How abrasives are classified?
Give the role of Garnet and Emery in engineering field
Describe about preparation of Carborundum
Describe the preparation alundum.
Explain the preparation of norbide.
Define refractories. How can they be classified?
Mention objectives of PCE test.
What is refractorinesss? How it is measured?
Illustrate RUL Test?
What is porosity of refractories
List the stages in manufacture of a refractory.
Explain thermal spalling? How will it be controlled?
What is white cement?
Discuss about Portland cement? Give its properties.
Write a note on Hydrophobic cement?
Construct wet process in the preparation of cement.
Comment on it hardening and setting of cement.
Analyse the composition of flint glass and borosilicate
glass.
What is Glass? Mention few types of it.
PART - B
i. Describe the synthetic abrasives.
ii. What are the abrasives? Give a detailed account of
non- siliceous types of abrasives.
i. Describe about i] abrasive paper ii] abrasive cloth iii]
grinding wheel.
ii. What is SiC? Explain its manufacturing and properties.
i. Write in detail about siliceous types of abrasives
ii. What is norbide and alundum? Mention its properties.
i. How are abrasives classified? Explain the properties of
any two in each category.
ii. Explain RUL test and refractoriness of refractory.
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Department of Chemistry, Valliammai Engineering College, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur 603 203
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i. How alumina, zirconia and magnesite bricks are
prepared and write its properties and uses.
ii. Discuss thermal spalling, porosity and dimensional
stability of a Refractory.
i. Define refractoriness of a refractory. How it is
measured by using PCE test.
ii. Mention the characteristics (or) requisites of a good
refractory.
i. Write notes on manufacturing of refractory brick with
an example.
ii. Discuss in detail about any 4 properties of refractory
i. What is refractory? Write the manufacturing process,
properties and uses of basic and neutral refractory.
ii. State about Zirconia and magnesite bricks.
i. Illustrate the manufacture of cement by any one
process.
ii. Construct the manufacturing of cement by dry and wet
process and explain its working.
i. With the help of reactions explain mechanism of
hardening and setting of cement.
ii. What is Portland cement? Illustrate the manufacturing
it by wet process.
i. What is water proof cement? Write its properties and
uses.
ii. What is white cement? Write its properties and uses.
i. Discuss about various zones of kiln in cement
preparation.
ii. Explain the construction and working manufacturing
of glass.
i. Explain elaborately on the composition and uses of any
four glasses.
ii. Differentiate lead glass, bullet proof glass and
Tempered glass.
i. Describe the manufacturing process of Borosilicate
glass.
ii. Explain the composition, properties and uses of
Borosilicate glass.
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Department of Chemistry, Valliammai Engineering College, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur 603 203
VALLIAMMAI ENGINEERING COLLEGE
SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur – 603 203.
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY
UNIT V - FUELS AND COMBUSTION
PART - A
Q.No
Questions
BT Level
Competence
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Define calorific value of a fuel.
Differentiate caking coal and coking coal?
Justify coke superior to coal.
Explain the term knocking.
Define octane number? How it is improved?
Give the composition and uses of CNG?
Illustrate how cetane number is improved?
Evaluate the composition and uses of water gas.
What is metallurgical coke?
Calculate the volume of air required for complete
combustion of two litres of CO. Given that volume of O2
in air is 24%.
List out demerits of sulphur in coal?
Formulate TEL. Mention its uses?
Distinguish between HCV and LCV.
A sample of coal was found to have the following
composition C=75%, H2=5.2%, S=1.2%, O2=12.8%,
N2=3.7% and ash =2.1%. Find the minimum quantity of
air required for complete combustion.
Differentiate coke from coal.
Why is water gas used as reducing agent?
Formulate the net and gross calorific value if a coal
sample has the following composition, C=85%, H=8%,
S=1%, N2=2% and ash=4%.
List out any four properties of biodiesel.
What is meant by refining of petroleum?
State the characteristics of a good fuel.
PART - B
i. How is ultimate analysis carried out? Bring out its
significance. How does it differ from proximate
analysis?
ii. Demonstrate the petroleum refining process in detail
with neat sketches.
i. Compare the Gross and Net calorific values.
ii. Explain how is proximate analysis carried out? Bring
out its significance.
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Department of Chemistry, Valliammai Engineering College, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur 603 203
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i. Evaluate the manufacturing method of water gas in
detail. Mention its composition and uses.
ii. Illustrate how synthetic petrol is manufactured by
Bergius process.
i. Demonstrate the Otto-Hoffman process of coke
manufacture and the recovery of byproducts.
i. What is power alcohol? How it is obtained? Explain its
advantages and disadvantages.
ii. What is meant by bio-diesel? How is it obtained?
Explain its advantages and disadvantages.
i. What is producer gas? How it is manufactured? Give
the chemical reaction taking place in different zones.
ii. Explain how synthetic gasoline is manufactured by
Fischer-Tropsch method.
i. With neat diagram discuss the analysis of flue gas by
Orsat apparatus
ii. How the proximate and ultimate analyses are carried
out and term its significance.
i. List out the difference between petrol and diesel as IC
engine fuels
ii. Give a comparative account of water gas and producer
gas
i. What is meant by knocking? How it is related to
chemical constitution?
ii. Estimate the minimum quantity of air required for
complete combustion of 1 kg of the sample if 40% of
excess air is supplied. Given that the composition of
coal was C=81%, H=4%, O=2%, N=1%.
i. Evaluate the followings
a. Ignition temperature
b. Explosive range of a fuel.
c. LPG
d. Cracking
i. Solve the gross and net calorific values of a coal with
the following ultimate analysis: carbon 84%, sulphur
1.5%, nitrogen 0.6%, hydrogen 5.5%, and oxygen
8.4%.
ii. Calculate the volume of air required for complete
combustion of 100 m3 of gaseous fuel having H=50%,
CH4=36%, N=1.5%, CO=6%, C2H4=4% and
CO2=2.5%.
i. Evaluate how flue gas is analyzed by Orsat method.
i. Formulate the manufacturing of metallurgical coke by
Otto-Hoffman method.
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Department of Chemistry, Valliammai Engineering College, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur 603 203