Download Grand Canyon Phenomenon

Grand Canyon Phenomenon
• What patterns do
you notice in the
land form?
• Describe what
events could have
caused these
patterns.
NOTES: Rock
Cycle
How do rock layers form and how do they
contain fossils?
Rock Cycle
• Sequence of events involving
the formation, alteration,
destruction, and reformation
of rocks as a result of natural
processes
• Explains how rocks and
natural processes are related
Rock Cycle
Three Types of Rocks
1. Igneous: formed by lava and
magma when it cools
2. Sedimentary: formed when
sediments (sand, gravel, dirt) are
pressed together over time
 Forms layers
 Fossils found HERE!
3. Metamorphic: are made from
other rocks
 Heat and pressure change sedimentary
and igneous rocks
Some Parts of the Earth’s Surface Build Up
and Some Wear Down
• Geologic processes
• Weathering
• Physical, Chemical, and Biological
• Erosion
•
•
•
•
Wind
Flowing water
Human activities
Glaciers
Forming Sedimentary Rock Layers
1. Weathering and Erosion
• Wind and water are like chisels, they hammer
and carve away at metamorphic and igneous
rocks making sediments
Forming Sedimentary Rock Layers
2. Transportation and
Deposition
• Sediments are transported
by wind, river, and seas
• Sediments are deposited
layer by layer
• Gravity, topographical
structure and fluid forces
decide the resting place of
these sediments
Forming Sedimentary Rock Layers
3. Lithification (compaction and
cementation)
• Over time, sediments are compressed
by overlying weight of other
sediments
• Cementation is the process of filling
in the gaps in sediments with
minerals that gel them together
GRAND CANYON PHENOMENON
Revised Ideas
• Describe in detail
how this landform
was created. Be sure
to explain the three
main steps.
• What information
can scientists gain
from studying this
landform?