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Cell Specialization
Unicellular organisms perform all their life processes in one cell. In multicellular organisms, many different types of specialized cell work together. Specialized cells include: Unspecialized cells develop into cells with a specific ______________ by the process of _________ __________________. Cell ___________________ is a stage of development when cell specialization occurs. A cell's function depend on what ______________ it contains. The cell's genes tell the cell what proteins to produce. All of an organism's cells have the _______________ genes, but each cell has _______________ genes turned on and off.
Unspecialized cells are called _________ __________. A stem cell can develop into any specialized cell. What type of cell it becomes is influenced by: • the contents of its cytoplasm • environmental conditions
• influence of its ________________ cells.
In animals, ______________ stem cells are found in embryos and can differentiate into all other types of cells. As the organism matures, its stem cells specialize to become ___________ stem cells, which can differentiate to replace damaged tissue (skin, or blood, or neural ... ). Plant stem cells are called ___________________ cells. Unlike embryonic stem cells, they continually produce new cells throughout the plant's life. Meristematics cells are found in growing root tips, and stems.
stem cell
same
cell differentiation
cell specialization
adult
embryonic
neighbouring proteins meristematic different 1
2
Levels of Biological Organization
3
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