Download Outline One - White Plains Public Schools

Outline One
Directions:
Choose two Golden Age civilizations, and for each one:
Describe at least two specific achievements during that civilization’s Golden Age.
Explain how these achievements affected culture(s).
Choose a document that would support your achievement.
Civilizations
Two Achievements and Its
Influence on Cultures
Document to Support
Document One
Document 2
This excerpt is from the textbook World History: Connections to Today (Ellis, Elisabeth
Gaynor, Esler, Anthony Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1999).
Common Principles of Roman Law:
People of the same status are equal before the law.
An accused person is innocent until proven guilty.
The accused should be allowed to face his or her accuser and defend against the
charge.
Guilt must be established “clearer than daylight” through evidence.
Document 3
This excerpt, about Han China’s technology advancements, is from the World History:
Connections to Today (Ellis, Elisabeth Gaynor, Esler, Anthony Upper Saddle River, New
Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1999)
In its time, Han China was the most technologically advanced civilization in the
world. Cai Lun, an official of the Han Court, invented a method for making
durable paper out of wood pulp. His basic method is still used to manufacture paper
today. The Chinese also pioneered advanced methods of shipbuilding and invented
the rudder to steer.
Document 4
This excerpt, about Gupta India’s medical achievements, is from the textbook World
History: Connections to Today (Ellis, Elisabeth Gaynor, Esler, Anthony. Upper Saddle
River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1999).
By Gupta times, Indian physicians had pioneered the use of herbs and other
remedies to treat illness. Surgeons were skilled in setting bones and in simple plastic
surgery to repair facial injuries. Doctors also began vaccinating people against
smallpox about 1,000 years before this practice was used in Europe.
Document 5
Wheelbarrow
Compass
The ladle, which was carved from lodestone, swivels on
the polished bronze base so that the handle always points
to the south.
Paper Making
Stirrup
Wet pulp was dried on screens
to make paper.
Outline Two:
Religion in the Eastern Hemisphere
Directions:
Fill in the chart regarding eastern religions.
Civilization
How did religions unify
people?
Include a document that
will support the unification
of people.
How did Religion Divide
People?
Include a document that
will support the division of
people.
Document 1:
Egyptians had many gods. Some, like Atum, were worshipped by pharaoh and the priests
in temples. Others, like Bes, were worshipped by people in their homes.
ATUM BES
www.ancientegypt.com
Document 2:
The Indian religion of Hinduism is based on a book called the Rig-Veda. In this book
society is divided into four classes. Brahmans, or priests, are the highest classes.
Kshatriya, or warriors, were next. Vaishya, or traders and landowners were third. Shudra
or peasants were on the bottom.
The Hindu religion kept this system in place in India for many centuries. A person born
into one of these classes was stuck in there for life.
Document 3:
The kingdom of Ancient Israel was established around the belief in one god. This belief
was called monotheism.
This menorah is a symbol of the people of Israel’s belief in one god. The religion was
the most important aspect of Israeli life.
www.penncharter.com
Document 4:
The Roman government saw fit to persecute1 the Christians from time to time, especially
during unsettled periods when a popular reform movement arose to return to the old
Roman ways and values. Many condemned Christians to death in the arena or by formal
execution for not sharing Roman beliefs.
The crowds who came to witness the games were a different matter altogether.
Sometimes they became worked up into a frenzy of hate. They considered the Christians
to be antisocial scum and clamored for a painful death for them in the arena, being
mauled and torn apart by wild beasts or forced to fight gladiators who killed them for a
public spectacle.
www.myron.sjsu.edu
Document 5:
Before the dawn of Islam in the early seventh century C.E., the peoples of the Arabian
Peninsula were widely varied religiously, politically, and culturally. With the founding of
Islam in present-day Saudi Arabia by Mohammed, these peoples were united in a
common belief, language, and government. The Arabs of the pre-Islamic period were
unsophisticated when compared with their neighbors, the Byzantines and the Persians. It
was Islam that brought the civilization out of this rut and into a more modern, civilized
world. Islam was to become the unifying force in Arabia.
Millions of Muslims gather daily to worship together
wwwgeocities.com/SHOH/7930/ARABIAHTM
Outline Three:
The Influence of Geography on History
Directions: Fill in the chart below.
Civilization
Geographical Feature and
one document to support
the feature
Geographical Feature’s
Influence on the People of
the Area and one
document to support the
influence
Document #1
Old Stone Age
* 150,000 to 10,000 years ago
* made weapons and tools of stone and wood
* fished and hunted for food
* sewed clothing of animal skins
* lived in caves
* used fire for warmth and cooking
Middle Stone Age
* 10,000 to 8,000 years ago
* life much the same as Old Stone Age
* certain animals were domesticated (dogs and goats)
New Stone Age
* 8,000 to 6,000 years ago
* learned to farm
* raised animals
* learned to weave baskets, make clothing from plant fibers and
wool,
make clay pots
* invented the wheel
Document #2
Physical Map of China
Document #3
"Gilgamesh … built a wall around his city to make it safe against attack. Its pinnacles
shone like brass. Its outer surface was armored with stone cladding [facing], every brick
had been hardened in the fire. The people of Uruk groaned beneath the burden of the
building of the wall, for Gilgamesh drove them on without pity. … The drums that
summoned the people to work were sounded without pause, so that the son had no time to
spend with his father, nor the lover with his lady."
—The Gilgamesh Epic
Document #4
"I opened passages for the streams throughout the nine provinces, and conducted them
to the sea. I deepened the channels and canals, and conducted them to the streams."
—The Legend of Yu
Document #5
Geography of the Ancient Middle East
India’s Great Civilization
Directions: Choose two religions practiced in India and complete the chart below.
Name of Religion
Influence of Religion on
the people of India
Document to support
influence
Document 1
From the Upanishads, Hindu sacred texts:
“As a caterpillar, having reached the end of a blade of grass, takes hold of
another blade, then draws it body from the first, so the Self, having reached the
end of his body, takes hold of an other body, then draws itself from the first.”
Document 2
As the Buddha outlined in The Four Noble Truths:
“The thirst for existence leads from rebirth to rebirth; lust and pleasure follow.
Power alone can satisfy lust. The thirst for power, the thirst for pleasure, the
thirst for existence; there, O monks, is the origins of suffering.”
Document 3
The Wheel of Life is one of the most important symbols of Buddhism, as it represents
the endless cycle of life through reincarnation and because each of its eight spokes
represents one of the teachings of the Eightfold Path.
1. Know that suffering is caused by desire.
2. Be selfless and love all life.
3. Do not lie, or speak without cause.
4. Do not kill, steal, or commit other unrighteous acts.
5. Do not do things which promote evil.
6. Take effort to promote righteousness.
7. Be aware of your physical actions, state of mind, and emotions.
8. Learn to meditate.
Document 4
Document 5
Outline Five
Directions: Complete the graphic organizer on the fall of the Western Roman Empire.
Reasons for the
How Factor contributed
Document to support
Fall/Decline of the
to the fall/decline of the the factor of decline/fall
Western Roman Empire Western Roman Empire
Factor One
Factor Two
Document #1:
"The basic trouble was that very few inhabitants of the empire believed that the
old civilization was worth saving… the overwhelming majority of the population had
been systematically excluded from political responsibilities. They could not organize to
protect themselves; they could not serve in the army… Their economic plight was
hopeless. Most of them were serfs bound to the soil, and the small urban groups saw
their cities slipping into uninterrupted decline.”
-An excerpt from a textbook, The Course of Civilization by Strayer, Gatzke, and
Harbison
Document #2
“The decline of Rome was the natural and inevitable effect of immoderate greatness
(large size)…The introduction…of Christianity, had some influence on the decline and
fall of the Roman empire. The clergy successfully preached the doctrine of patience; the
active virtues of society were discouraged; and the last remains of military spirit were
buried in the cloister; a large portion of public and private wealth was consecrated to
the…demands of charity and devotion.”
-An excerpt from The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire by Edward Gibbons
Document #3
First the economic factor…While the empire was expanding, its prosperity was fed by
plundered wealth and by new markets in the semi-barbaric provinces. When the empire
ceased to expand, however, economic progress soon ceased…
The immediate source and sign of evil was the institution of slavery. The abundance of
slaves led to the growth of the latifundia, the great estates that…came to dominate
agriculture and ruin the free coloni (farmers) who drifted to the cities, to add to the
unemployment there. The abundance of slaves likewise kept wages low.”
-This excerpt is from Uses of the Past by Herbert J. Muller
Document #4
“…Part of the money went into…the maintenance of the army and the vast bureaucracy
required by a centralized government…the expense led to strangling taxation…There
were land taxes, property taxes, occupation taxes, poll taxes…The heart was taken our of
enterprising men…tenants fled from their farms and businessmen and workmen from
their occupations. Private enterprise was crushed and the state was forced to take over
many kinds of business to keep the machine running. People learned to expect something
for nothing. The old Roman virtues of self-reliance and initiative were lost in that part of
the population on relief (welfare)…The central government undertook such far-reaching
responsibility in affairs that the fiber of the citizens weakened.”
-excerpt from The New Deal in Old Rome by Henry Haskell
Document #6