Download latin inflexion

TWELVE TABLES
OF THE LAWS OF
LATIN INFLEXION
GLOSSARY OF GRAMMATICAL TERMS
DECLENSION
The Full List of Inflexions (Case Formations) for Substantives (Nouns),
Pronouns, Adjectives & Gerunds/Supines (Verbal Nouns) in Tabular Form
GENDER
Latin Has Three Grammatical Genders; Feminine, Masculine & Neuter Assigned to Each Substantive,
to Which All Corresponding Pronouns, Adjectives & Certain Verbal Formations Agree
NUMBER
Latin Has Two Grammatical Numbers; Singular & Plural
NOMINATIVE
CASE
VOCATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE
LOCATIVE
Indicates the Subject of a Verb [the x or a/an x ... (is doing/will do/has done ...)]
Indicates Direct Address [O x!]
Indicates the Direct Object of a Verb [ x is having something done to them]
Indicates a Possessor [of x]
Indicates the Indirect Object of a Verb (Recipient) [to x, or for x]
Indicates Additional Information to the Sentence; [by x, with x, from x, at x, in x & on x]
Indicates a Location, Adapting Only Place Names or Places [in x, at x or on x]
(The Locative Was a Dying Case Form Even in Classical Times, Has Limited Applications and Is Not Always Found in Declension Tables)
CONJUGATION
FINITE FORMS
The Full List of Inflexions for Verbs in Both Finite and Non-Finite Forms
into All Agreements to Voice, Number, Mood and Tense
KEY:SINGULAR
PLURAL
1 I
1 We
2 You (Singular)
2 You (Plural)
3 He, She or It
3 They
REGULAR VERBS
Verbs Which Conform to the Standard Conjugations
DEPONENT VERBS
Verbs Which Are Active in
Meaning but Passive in Form
PASSIVE – x Has x Done to Them
SINGULAR – Involves One Person
PLURAL – Involves Two or More People
As With Regular Verbs
PRESENT
I Do / Am Doing/x-ing etc.
I Am Being Done/x-ed etc.
I Do / Am Doing/x-ing etc.
FUTURE
I Will Do/x etc.
I Will Be Done/x-ed e etc.
I Will Do/x etc.
IMPERFECT
I Was Doing/x-ing ... etc.
I Was Being Done/x-ed ... etc.
I Was Doing/x-ing ... etc.
PERFECT
I Have Done/x-ed etc.
I Have Been Done/x-ed etc.
I Have Done/x-ed etc.
FUTURE PERFECT
I Will Have Done/x-ed etc.
I Will Have Been Done/x-ed etc.
I Will Have Done/x-ed etc.
PLUPERFECT
I Had Done/x-ed etc.
I Had Been Done/x-ed etc.
I Had Done/x-ed etc.
PRESENT
I Would Do/x etc.
I Would Be Being Done/x-ed etc.
I Would Do/x etc.
IMPERFECT
I Would Have Been Doing/x-ing etc.
I Would Have Been Being Done/x-ed etc.
I Would Be Doing/x-ing etc.
PERFECT
I Would Have Done/x-ed etc.
I Would Have Been Done/x-ed etc.
I Would Have Done/x-ed etc.
PLUPERFECT
I Would Had Done/x-ed etc.
I Would Had Been Done/x-ed etc.
I Would Had Done/x-ed etc.
IMPERATIVE
Do x! (In the Form of a Command)
Be Done/x-ed! (In the Form of a Command)
Do x! (In the Form of a Command)
TENSE
INDICATIVE
SUBJUNCTIVE
TENSE – Times of Verbs
ACTIVE – x Is Doing / Does
NUMBER
MOOD – Is the Three Verb Groups, Sorted by Context
VOICE
ACTIVE (In Passive Format)
CONJUGATION
NON-FINITE FORMS
KEY:† Declines as a 1st & 2nd Declension Adj.
REGULAR VERBS
‡ Declines as a 3rd Declension (-ns) Adj.
TENSE
ACTIVE
e.g. Conari – To Try (etc.)
PASSIVE
ACTIVE (In Passive Format)
PRESENT
*
To Do/x
*
To Be Done/x-ed
*
To Do/x
PERFECT
*
To Have Done/x-ed
†
To Have Been Done/x-ed
†
To Have Done/x-ed
FUTURE
†
To Be About to Do/x
*
To Be About to Be Done/x-ed
†
To Be About to Do/x
PRESENT
‡
Doing/x-ing
‡
Doing/x-ing
(Active)
PERFECT
TENSE
PARTICIPLES – Verbal Adjectives
INFINITIVES
VOICE
FUTURE
†
About to Do/x
†
Done/x-ed
†
Done/x-ed
(Passive)
†
About to Be Done/x-ed
†
About to Do/x
(Active)
†
About to Be Done/x-ed
(Passive)
(GERUNDIVE)
(GERUNDIVE)
CASE
(DECLENSION)
GERUNDS
DEPONENT VERBS
e.g. Parare – To Prepare (etc.)
* Indeclinable
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE
GERUND
Verbal Noun,
Which Refers to the
Process of a Verb
x-ing
SUPINE
Verbal Noun
Expressing
Motion (In Acc. &
Abl. Cases Only)
x-ing
GERUND
As Gerunds (& Supines) Are Verbal
Nouns, Which Express the Process of
the Verb, They Are Declined as Nouns.
Verbal Noun,
Which Refers to the
Process of a Verb
x-ing
SUPINE
Verbal Noun
Expressing
Motion (In Acc. &
Abl. Cases Only)
x-ing
SUBSTANTIVE DECLENSIONS I – V
N.B. -er Stem 2nd Declension Substantives
Occasionally Keep the -e within the Stem,
the Genitive Example in Most Dictionary
Definitions Will Indicate Which Do So.
1st DECLENSION
-a Stems
-o Stems
e.g. Puella - Girl
GENDER
e.g. Dominus – Master
FEMININE
NUMBER
CASE
2nd DECLENSION
SINGULAR
NOMINATIVE
VOCATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE (& LOCATIVE SING.)
DATIVE
ABLATIVE (& LOCATIVE PLU.)
puell-a
puell-a
puell-am
puell-ae
puell-ae
puell-a
-er Stems
e.g. Bellum – War
MASCULINE
PLURAL
puell-ae
puell-ae
puell-as
puell-arum
puell-is
puell-is
SINGULAR
domin-us
domin-e
domin-um
domin-i
domin-o
domin-o
e.g. Ager – Field
NEUTER
PLURAL
domin-i
domin-i
domin-os
domin-orum
domin-is
domin-is
SINGULAR
bell-um
bell-um
bell-um
bell-i
bell-o
bell-o
PLURAL
bell-a
bell-a
bell-a
bell-orum
bell-is
bell-is
MASCULINE
SINGULAR
ag-er
ag-er
agr-um (- e)
agr-i
agr-o
agr-o
PLURAL
agr-i
agr-i
agr-os
agr-orum
agr-is
agr-is
3rd DECLENSION
Consonant Stems
GENDER
CASE
NUMBER
-c & -g (Palatals)
-p & -b (Labials)
e.g. Rex (m) – King
e.g. Princeps (m) – Chief
e.g. Pes (m) – Foot
e.g. Caput (n) – Head
MASCULINE & FEMININE
MASCULINE & FEMININE
MASCULINE & FEMININE
NEUTER
SINGULAR
NOMINATIVE (& VOCATIVE)
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE (& LOCATIVE)
rex
reg-em
reg-is
reg-i
reg-e
PLURAL
reg-es
reg-es
reg-um
reg-ibus
reg-ibus
SINGULAR
princeps
princip-em
princip-is
princip-i
princip-e
PLURAL
princip-es
princip-es
princip-um
princip-ibus
princip-ibus
-t & -d (Dentals)
SINGULAR
pes
ped-em
ped-is
ped-i
ped-e
-n (Nasals)
e.g. Leo (m) – Lion
MASCULINE & FEMININE
NUMBER
SINGULAR
CASE
GENDER
NOMINATIVE (& VOCATIVE)
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE (& LOCATIVE)
leo
leon-em
leon-is
leon-i
leon-e
PLURAL
leon-es
leon-es
leon-um
leon-ibus
leon-ibus
NEUTER
SINGULAR
nomen
nomin-em
nomin-is
nomin-i
nomin-e
PLURAL
nomin-a
nomin-a
nomin-um
nomin-ibus
nomin-ibus
MASCULINE & FEMININE
SINGULAR
SINGULAR
CASE
MASCULINE & FEMININE
NUMBER
NOMINATIVE (& VOCATIVE)
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE (& LOCATIVE)
pater
patr-em
patr-is
patr-i
patr-e
patr-es
patr-es
patr-um
patr-ibus
patr-ibus
PLURAL
capit-a
capit-a
capit-um
capit-ibus
capit-ibus
e.g. Consul (m) – Consul
e.g. Amor (m) – Love
MASCULINE & FEMININE
MASCULINE & FEMININE
SINGULAR
SINGULAR
consul
consul-em
consul-is
consul-i
consul-e
PLURAL
consul-es
consul-es
consul-um
consul-ibus
consul-ibus
amor
amor-em
amor-is
amor-i
amor-e
PLURAL
amor-es
amor-es
amor-um
amor-ibus
amor-ibus
-s (Liquids)
e.g. Flos (m) – Flower
GENDER
PLURAL
SINGULAR
caput
caput
capit-is
capit-i
capit-e
-l & -r (Liquids)
e.g. Nomen (n) – Name
-r (Liquids)
e.g. Pater (m) – Father
PLURAL
ped-es
ped-es
ped-um
ped-ibus
ped-ibus
flos
flor-em
flor-is
flor-i
flor-e
PLURAL
flor-es
flor-es
flor-um
flor-ibus
flor-ibus
e.g. Opus (n) – Work
e.g. Tempus (n) – Time
NEUTER
SINGULAR
opus
opus
oper-is
oper-i
oper-e
PLURAL
oper-a
oper-a
oper-um
oper-ibus
oper-ibus
NEUTER
SINGULAR
tempus
tempus
tempor-is
tempor-i
tempor-e
PLURAL
tempor-a
tempor-a
tempor-um
tempor-ibus
tempor-ibus
-i Stems
2 Consonants
-is & -es
-le & -l
-r & -re
e.g. Urbs (f) – City
e.g. Civis (m/f) – Citizen
e.g. Animal (n) – Animal
e.g. Mare (n) – Sea
MASCULINE & FEMININE
MASCULINE & FEMININE
NUMBER
SINGULAR
SINGULAR
CASE
GENDER
NOMINATIVE (& VOCATIVE)
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE (& LOCATIVE)
urb-s
urb-em
urb-is
urb-i
urb-e
CASE
urb-es
urb-es
urb-ium
urb-ibus
urb-ibus
civ-es
civ-es
civ-ium
civ-ibus
civ-ibus
NEUTER
SINGULAR
animal
animal
animal-is
animal-i
animal-i
PLURAL
animal-ia
animal-ia
animal-ium
animal-ibus
animal-ibus
-e Stems
e.g. Domus (f) - House
FEMININE
grad-us
grad-us
grad-uum
grad-ibus
grad-ibus
PLURAL
mar-ia
mar-ia
mar-ium
mar-ibus
mar-ibus
-u Stems
NEUTER
grad-us
grad-um
grad-us
grad-ui
grad-u
mare
mare
mar-is
mar-i
mar-i
5th DECLENSION
e.g. Cornu (n) - Horn
PLURAL
NEUTER
SINGULAR
4th DECLENSION
MASCULINE
SINGULAR
NOMINATIVE (& VOCATIVE)
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE
civ-is
civ-em
civ-is
civ-i
civ-e
PLURAL
e.g. Gradus (m) – Step
GENDER
NUMBER
PLURAL
SINGULAR
corn-u
corn-u
corn-us
corn-ui
corn-u
PLURAL
corn-ua
corn-ua
corn-uum
corn-ibus
corn-ibus
SINGULAR
dom-us
dom-um
dom-us
dom-ui
dom-o
PLURAL
dom-us
dom-us / -os
dom-uum / orum
dom-ibus
dom-ibus
e.g. Res (f) - Thing
FEMININE
SINGULAR
res
r-em
r-ei
r-ei
r-e
PLURAL
r-es
r-es
r-erum
r-ebus
r-ebus
GRAMMATICAL PARTICLES (UNINFLECTED)
CONJUNCTIONS
CO-ORDINATING
at / ast
atque / ac
aut
aut ... aut ...
ceu
cum ... tum ...
enim (2nd word in sentence)
ergo
et
et ... et ...
etiam
itaque
modo ... modo ...
nam / namque
nec / neque
nec ... nec ...
neque ... neque ...
quam
-que (adds as a suffix)
quoque
sed
tamen (tends to be 2nd word in
sentence)
tum ... tum ...
vel ... vel
SUBORDINATING
but / on the other hand
and also
or
either ... or ...
as / in the same way as
not only ... but also ...
for
and so
and
both ... and ...
also / even
and so
sometimes ... sometimes ...
for (introducing a reason)
and not / nor
neither ... nor ...
neither ... nor ...
than
and
too / also
but
but / however
antiquam
cum
donec
dum
priusquam
postquam / posteaquam
quando
quoad
quoniam
ubi
ut* (+ indicative)
ut/ubi/cum primum
TEMPORAL
quia / quod / quoniam because
ut * (+ subjunctive) / quo in order that/to
ne / neve / quominus so that
CAUSAL / EFFECTUAL
nisi / ni unless / if not / except
si if
dummodo provided that
CONDITIONAL
etsi even if / although
quamquam / quamvis / licet although
tamesti even though
OPPOSITIONAL
at one time ... at another ...
either ... or ...
sicut/i / velut/i / tamquam / prout like
quasi / quasi vero / ut as if
COMPARATIVE
PREPOSITIONS
FOLLOWED BY THE ACCUSATIVE
a* / ad
adversus
ante
apud
circa / circiter
circum
cis
citra
contra
erga
extra
in*
infra
inter
intra
iuxta
ob
per
pone
post
praeter
prope
propter
secundum
sub*
super*
trans
ultra
OTHER PARTICLES
FOLLOWED BY THE ABLATIVE
to, towards
toward
before
at, near, among
about
around
on this side
on this side / since
against
towards
outside
into, on to, to, against
below
among
within
next to, beside
over
through
behind
after, behind
beyond
near
on account of
along, according to
up to, towards (in time)
above
across
beyond
before (which)
when / since / although
until
while / provided that / as long as
before
after (which) / since
since
until / as long as/ as far as
since
when
as / when / as soon as/ then
as soon as
a* / ab / abs
absque
a tergo
clam
coram
cum
de
de integro
de/ex industria
e / ex
in*
palam
prae
pro
procul
simul
sine
sub*
super*
from, by
without
from behind
without knowledge of
in the presence of
with
down from, about
afresh / anew
on purpose
out of
in
in sight of
in front of, before
in front of, on behalf of
at a distance
together
without
under
on
NEGATIVE PARTICLES
hau / haud
ne
non
ne ... quidem
nec / neque
neque ... neque ...
nec ... nec
minime
nequamquam
vix
not / by no means
not / not that / lest
not
not even
nor
neither ... nor ...
neither ... nor ...
not at all
by no means
hardly
INTERROGATIVE PARTICLES
mecum with me
nobiscum with us
secum with
himself/herself/themselves
tecum with you (singular)
vobiscum with you (plural)
an / anne
-ne
-ne ... an
nonne
num
utrum ... an
or (within a question)
inquisitive suffix
intro to alternate answer
is it not?
it is not ...?
either ... or ...
(within a question)
CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS & ADVERBIAL PHRASES (SENTENCE CONNECTORS)
at
atqui
attamen
autem (2nd word in sentence)
enim
etenim
ideo
igitur (tends to be 2nd word in sentence)
immo
on the other hand
and yet
nevertheless
however / moreover
in fact / of course ...
and as a matter of fact
for this reason
therefore / and so
or rather
immo vero
itaque
ergo
non solum / modo / tantum ... sed etiam
propterea
sedtamen
tamen
verum
verum tamen
or rather actually
accordingly
consequently / therefore
not only ... but also ...
therefore
but in fact
however
but actually
nevertheless
INTERJECTIONS
age!
ecce!
eheu! / ehodum!
ehem!
vae ... (+ abl.)
euge!
pro di immortales!
ei!
do something! Well!?!
behold!
see here / now see here!
wow! ha! (surprise)
woe is ...! (e.g. vae mihi!)
terrific! (praise)
for the gods!
what the?! (shock)
ave!
salve!
salvete!
vale!
valete!
Pax! (tibiscum/vobiscum)
heia!/eia!
pol!
hail!
welcome!/be safe! (sing.)
welcome!/be safe! (plu.)
farewell!/be healthy! (sing.)
farewell!/be healthy! (plu.)
peace! (be with you)
come on/now! (encouragement)
by Pollux!
PRONOMINAL DECLENSIONS
PERSONAL PRONOUNS
1st PERSON
PERSON
CASE
NUMBER
SINGULAR
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE
POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES
(Decline as 1st & 2nd Declension Adj.)
2nd PERSON
PLURAL
SINGULAR
3rd PERSON REFLEXIVE
PLURAL
SINGULAR
PLURAL
ego – I
me – me
mei
mihi
me
nos – we
nos – us
nostrum / nostri
nobis
nobis
tu – you
te
tui
tibi
te
vos – you
vos
vestrum / vestri
vobis
vobis
se – him/her/it -self
sui
sibi
se
se – themselves
sui
sibi
se
meus, -a, -um
(m, f & n) – my
noster, -ra, -rum
(m, f & n) – our
tuus, -a, -um
(m, f & n) – your
vester, -ra, rum
(m, f & n) – your
suus, -a, -um
(m, f & n) – his/her
suus, -a, -um
(m, f & n) – their
-
DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS & ADJECTIVES
Is – He, This or That (m) etc.
GENDER
FEMININE
CASE
NUMBER
SINGULAR
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE
ea – she / this / that (f)
e-am – her / it
e-ius
e-i
e-a
MASCULINE
PLURAL
e-ae – they
e-as – them
e-arum
e-is
e-is
SINGULAR
is – he / this / that (m)
e-um – him / it
e-ius
e-i
e-o
NEUTER
PLURAL
e-i – they
e-os – them
e-orum
e-is
e-is
SINGULAR
PLURAL
id – it / this / that (n)
id – it
e-ius
e-i
e-o
e-a – they
e-a – them
e-orum
e-is
e-is
Ille – That (Over There)
[ Iste – That (Near You) Declines Identically ]
GENDER
FEMININE
CASE
NUMBER
SINGULAR
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE
ill-a
ill-am
ill-ius
ill-i
ill-a
MASCULINE
PLURAL
ill-ae
ill-as
ill-arum
ill-is
ill-is
SINGULAR
ill-e
ill-um
ill-ius
ill-i
ill-o
NEUTER
PLURAL
ill-i
ill-os
ill-orum
ill-is
ill-is
SINGULAR
ill-ud
ill-ud
ill-ius
ill-i
ill-o
PLURAL
ill-a
ill-a
ill-orum
ill-is
ill-is
Hic – This (Here/Near Me)
GENDER
FEMININE
CASE
NUMBER
SINGULAR
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE
h-aec
h-anc
hu-ius
hu-ic
h-ac
MASCULINE
PLURAL
h-ae
h-as
h-arum
h-is
h-is
SINGULAR
h-ic
h-unc
hu-ius
hu-ic
h-oc
NEUTER
PLURAL
SINGULAR
h-i
h-os
h-orum
h-is
h-is
h-oc
h-oc
hu-ius
hu-ic
h-oc
PLURAL
h-aec
h-aec
h-orum
h-is
h-is
PRONOMINAL ADJECTIVES
Ipse – Self
GENDER
FEMININE
CASE
NUMBER
SINGULAR
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE
ips-a
ips-am
ips-ius
ips-i
ips-a
MASCULINE
PLURAL
ips-ae
ips-as
ips-arum
ips-is
ips-is
SINGULAR
ips-e
ips-um
ips-ius
ips-i
ips-o
NEUTER
PLURAL
ips-i
ips-os
ips-orum
ips-is
ips-is
SINGULAR
ips-um
ips-um
ips-ius
ips-i
ips-o
PLURAL
ips-a
ips-a
ips-orum
ips-is
ips-is
Idem – Same
GENDER
FEMININE
CASE
NUMBER
SINGULAR
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE
eadem
eandem
eiusdem
eidem
eadem
MASCULINE
PLURAL
eaedem
easden
earundem
eisdem
eisdem
SINGULAR
idem
eundem
eiusdem
eidem
eudem
NEUTER
PLURAL
(e)idem
eosdem
eorundem
eisdem
eisdem
SINGULAR
idem
idem
eiusdem
eidem
eodem
PLURAL
eadem
eadem
eorundem
eisdem
eisdem
Alius – Other
GENDER
FEMININE
CASE
NUMBER
SINGULAR
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE
ali-a
ali-am
ali-ius
ali-i
ali-a
MASCULINE
PLURAL
ali-ae
ali-as
ali-arum
ali-is
ali-is
SINGULAR
ali-us
ali-um
ali-us
ali-i
ali-o
NEUTER
PLURAL
ali-i
ali-os
ali-orum
ali-is
ali-is
SINGULAR
ali-ud
ali-ud
ali-us
ali-i
ali-o
PLURAL
ali-a
ali-a
ali-orum
ali-is
ali-is
PRONOMINAL DECLENSIONS
PRONOMINAL ADJECTIVES (Continued)
N.B. These Decline Exactly as 1st & 2nd Declension Adjectives
Except for the Genitive & Dative Singular
Alter – The Other of Two
GENDER
FEMININE
CASE
NUMBER
SINGULAR
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE
alter-a
alter-am
alter-ius
alter-i
alter-a
MASCULINE
PLURAL
alter-ae
alter-as
alter-arum
alter-is
alter-is
SINGULAR
alter
alter-um
alter-ius
alter-i
alter-o
NEUTER
PLURAL
SINGULAR
alter-i
alter-os
alter-orum
alter-is
alter-is
PLURAL
alter-um
alter-um
alter-ius
alter-i
alter-o
alter-a
alter-a
alter-orum
alter-is
alter-is
Uter – Which of two?
GENDER
FEMININE
CASE
NUMBER
SINGULAR
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE
utr-a
utr-am
utr-ius
utr-i
utr-a
MASCULINE
PLURAL
utr-ae
utr-as
utr-arum
utr-is
utr-is
SINGULAR
uter
utr-um
utr-ius
utr-i
utr-o
NEUTER
PLURAL
SINGULAR
utr-i
utr-os
utr-orum
utr-is
utr-is
PLURAL
utr-um
utr-um
utr-ius
utr-i
utr-o
utr-a
utr-a
utr-orum
utr-is
utr-is
INTERROGATIVE & RELATIVE PRONOUNS / ADJECTIVES
GENDER
FEMININE
CASE
NUMBER
SINGULAR
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE
quae
quam
cuius
cui
qua
MASCULINE
PLURAL
quae
quas
quarum
quibus
quibus / quis
SINGULAR
qui
quem
cuius
cui
quo
NEUTER
PLURAL
SINGULAR
qui
quos
quorum
quibus
quibus / quis
PLURAL
quod
quod
cuius
cui
quo
quae
quae
quorum
quibus
quibus / quis
DERIVATIVE COMPOUNDS
someone / something
aliqua
aliquis / aliqui
aliquid / aliquod
a certain person / thing
quaedam
quidam
quiddam / quoddam
each
quaeque
quisque
quidque / quodque
anyone / anything at all
quisquam
quisquam
quidquam / quicquam
whoever / whatever
quaecumque
quiscumque
quodcumque
APPLICATION
Relative Pronoun / Adjective – e.g. The person who does...
GENDER
FEMININE
CASE
NUMBER
SINGULAR
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
quae
quam
MASCULINE
PLURAL
quae
quas
SINGULAR
qui
quem
NEUTER
PLURAL
qui
quos
SINGULAR
quod
quod
PLURAL
quae
quae
Interrogative Pronoun – e.g. Who is that?
GENDER
FEMININE
CASE
NUMBER
SINGULAR
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
quis / quae
quam
MASCULINE
PLURAL
quae
quas
SINGULAR
quis / qui
quem
NEUTER
PLURAL
qui
quos
SINGULAR
quid
quid
PLURAL
quae
quae
Interrogative Adjective – e.g. What x?
GENDER
FEMININE
CASE
NUMBER
SINGULAR
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
quae / quis
quam
MASCULINE
PLURAL
quae
quas
SINGULAR
qui / quis
quem
NEUTER
PLURAL
qui
quos
SINGULAR
quod
quod
PLURAL
quae
quae
Indefinite Pronoun – e.g. That anyone does...
GENDER
FEMININE
CASE
NUMBER
SINGULAR
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
qua / quae
quam
MASCULINE
PLURAL
quae
quas
SINGULAR
quis / qui
quem
NEUTER
PLURAL
qui
quos
SINGULAR
quid
quid
PLURAL
quae / qua
quae / qua
Indefinite Adjective – e.g. That any x...
GENDER
FEMININE
CASE
NUMBER
SINGULAR
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
quae / qua
quam
MASCULINE
PLURAL
quae
quas
SINGULAR
qui / quis
quem
NEUTER
PLURAL
qui
quos
SINGULAR
quod
quod
PLURAL
quae / qua
quae / qua
ADJECTIVE DECLENSIONS I – III
1st DECLENSION
2nd DECLENSION
-a Stems
-o Stems
e.g. Bonus – Good
GENDER
FEMININE
CASE
NUMBER
SINGULAR
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE
bon-a
bon-am
bon-ae
bon-ae
bon-a
MASCULINE
PLURAL
SINGULAR
bon-ae
bon-as
bon-arum
bon-is
bon-is
bon-us
bon-um
bon-i
bon-o
bon-o
NEUTER
PLURAL
bon-i
bon-os
bon-orum
bon-is
bon-is
SINGULAR
PLURAL
bon-um
bon-um
bon-i
bon-o
bon-o
bon-a
bon-a
bon-orum
bon-is
bon-is
-er Stems
e.g. Pulcher – Beautiful (A Stem Which Drops the -e)
GENDER
FEMININE
CASE
NUMBER
SINGULAR
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE
pulchr-a
pulchr-am
pulchr-ae
pulchr-ae
pulchr-a
MASCULINE
PLURAL
SINGULAR
pulchr-ae
pulchr-as
pulchr-arum
pulchr-is
pulchr-is
pulcher
pulchr-um
pulchr-i
pulchr-o
pulchr-o
NEUTER
PLURAL
pulchr-i
pulchr-os
pulchr-orum
pulchr-is
pulchr-is
SINGULAR
PLURAL
pulchr-um
pulchr-um
pulchr-i
pulchr-o
pulchr-o
pulchr-a
pulchr-a
pulchr-orum
pulchr-is
pulchr-is
e.g. Liber – Free (A Stem Which Keeps the -e)
GENDER
FEMININE
CASE
NUMBER
SINGULAR
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE
liber-a
liber-am
liber-ae
liber-ae
liber-a
MASCULINE
PLURAL
liber-ae
liber-as
liber-arum
liber-is
liber-is
SINGULAR
liber
liber-um
liber-i
liber-o
liber-o
NEUTER
PLURAL
liber-i
liber-os
liber-orum
liber-is
liber-is
SINGULAR
liber-um
liber-um
liber-i
liber-o
liber-o
PLURAL
liber-a
liber-a
liber-orum
liber-is
liber-is
3rd DECLENSION
Consonant Stems
e.g. Vetus – Old
FEMININE & MASCULINE
NUMBER
SINGULAR
CASE
GENDER
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE
N.B. i-Stem Ablative Singular Adjectives
Tend to Terminate in -e
When Used Pronominally.
vetus
veter-em
veter-is
veter-i
veter-e
PLURAL
veter-es
veter-es
veter-um
veter-ibus
veter-ibus
SINGULAR
vetus
vetus
veter-is
veter-i
veter-e
PLURAL
veter-a
veter-a
veter-um
veter-ibus
veter-ibus
SINGULAR
pauper
pauper-em
pauper-is
pauper-i
pauper-e
celer (-ris f)
celer-em
celer-is
celer-i
celer-i
PLURAL
celer-es
celer-es
celer-ium
celer-ibus
celer-ibus
NEUTER
NUMBER
SINGULAR
CASE
FEMININE & MASCULINE
audax
audac-em
audac-is
audac-i
audac-i
PLURAL
audac-es
audac-es
audac-ium
audac-ibus
audac-ibus
GENDER
FEMININE & MASCULINE
NUMBER
SINGULAR
CASE
pauper
pauper
pauper-is
pauper-i
pauper-e
PLURAL
pauper-a
pauper-a
pauper-um
pauper-ibus
pauper-ibus
SINGULAR
celer-e
celer-e
celer-is
celer-i
celer-i
PLURAL
celer-ia
celer-ia
celer-ium
celer-ibus
celer-ibus
e.g. Acer – Keen (An -er Stem Which Loses the -e)
SINGULAR
acer (-ris f)
acr-em
acr-is
acr-i
acr-i
omnis
omn-em
omn-is
omn-i
omn-i
PLURAL
omn-es
omn-es (-is f)
omn-ium
omn-ibus
omn-ibus
SINGULAR
audax
audax
audac-is
audac-i
audac-i
PLURAL
audac-ia
audac-ia
audac-ium
audac-ibus
audac-ibus
acr-es
acr-es
acr-ium
acr-ibus
acr-ibus
NEUTER
SINGULAR
acr-e
acr-e
acr-is
acr-i
acr-i
PLURAL
acr-ia
acr-ia
acr-ium
acr-ibus
acr-ibus
FEMININE & MASCULINE
SINGULAR
felix
felic-em
felic-is
felic-i
felic-i
PLURAL
felic-es
felic-es
felic-ium
felic-ibus
felic-ibus
NEUTER
SINGULAR
felix
felix
felic-is
felic-i
felic-i
PLURAL
felic-ia
felic-ia
felic-ium
felic-ibus
felic-ibus
e.g. Ingens – Huge
NEUTER
SINGULAR
omn-e
omn-e
omn-is
omn-i
omn-i
PLURAL
e.g. Felix – Happy
NEUTER
e.g. Omnis – All
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE
pauper-es
pauper-es
pauper-um
pauper-ibus
pauper-ibus
NEUTER
SINGULAR
FEMININE & MASCULINE
e.g. Audax – Brave
GENDER
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE
PLURAL
-i Stems
SINGULAR
CASE
FEMININE & MASCULINE
e.g. Celer – Swift (An -er Stem Which Keeps the -e)
FEMININE & MASCULINE
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE
e.g. Pauper – Poor
NEUTER
PLURAL
omn-ia
omn-ia
omn-ium
omn-ibus
omn-ibus
FEMININE & MASCULINE
SINGULAR
ingens
ingent-em
ingent-is
ingent-i
ingent-i
PLURAL
ingent-es
ingent-es (-is f)
ingent-ium
ingent-ibus
ingent-ibus
(ingent-e in declined participles)
NEUTER
SINGULAR
ingens
ingens
ingent-is
ingent-i
ingent-i
PLURAL
ingent-ia
ingent-ia
ingent-ium
ingent-ibus
ingent-ibus
(ingent-e in declined participles)
MIXED DECLENSION ADJECTIVES
MIXED 2nd & 3rd DECLENSION
e.g. Alter – Either of Two
GENDER
FEMININE
CASE
NUMBER
MASCULINE
e.g. Ulter – Which of Two?
NEUTER
SINGULAR
(Plural Suffixes as from Plural 1st & 2nd Declensions)
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE
alter-a
alter-am
alter-ius
alter-i
alter-a
alter
alter-um
alter-ius
alter-i
alter-o
alter-um
alter-um
alter-ius
alter-i
alter-o
FEMININE
MASCULINE
NEUTER
SINGULAR
(Plural Suffixes as from Plural 1st & 2nd Declensions)
utra
utr-am
utr-ius
utr-i
utr-a
uter
utr-um
utr-ius
utr-ri
utr-o
utr-um
utr-um
utr-ius
utr-i
utr-o
Examples of Mixed Declension Adjectives
GENDER
FEMININE
MASCULINE
NUMBER & CASE
NEUTER
NOMINATIVE SINGULAR
other
no
any
only
whole
one
alia
nulla
ulla
sola
tota
una
alius
nullus
ullus
solus
totus
unus
GEN. SINGULAR
aliud
nullum
ullum
solum
totum
unum
alius
nullius
ullius
solius
totius
unius
DAT. SINGULAR
alii
nulli
ulli
soli
toti
uni
COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES
1st & 2nd DECLENSION COMPARATIVES & SUPERLATIVES
Regular
EXAMPLE
Irregular
Durus – Hard
GENDER (SINGULAR)
POSITIVE
COMPARATIVE
SUPERLATIVE
MASC. & FEM.
Pulcher – Beautiful
NEUTER
dur-us (m), -a (f)
dur-ior
dur-issim-us , -a (f)
MASC. & FEM.
dur-um
dur-ius
dur-issim-um
pulcher (m), -a (f)
pulchr-ior
pulcherr-imus, -a (f)
Liber – Free
NEUTER
MASC. & FEM.
pulchr-um
pulchr-ius
pulcherr-imum
liber (m), -a (f)
liber-ior
liberr-imus, -a (f)
NEUTER
liber-um
liber-ius
liberr-imum
3rd DECLENSION COMPARATIVES & SUPERLATIVES
Regular
EXAMPLE
Fortis – Strong
POSITIVE
COMPARATIVE
SUPERLATIVE
fort-is
fort-ior
fort-issim-us
Irregular
Felix – happy
Amans – Loving
felix
felic-ior
felic-issim-us
amans
amant-ior
amant-issim-us
Vetus – Old
Acer – Sharp
vet-us
veter-ior
veterr-im-us
acer
acr-ior
acerr-im-us
Facilis – Easy
facilis
facil-ior
facill-imus
Difficilis
Similis
Dicimilis
Gracilis
Humilis
IRREGULAR COMPARATIVES
EXAMPLE
Bonus – Good
POSITIVE
COMPARATIVE
SUPERLATIVE
bonus – good
melior – better
optimus – best
Malus – Bad
malus – bad
peior – worse
pessimus – worst
Magnus – Great
Parvus – Small
Superus – High
magnus – great
maior – greater
maximus – greatest
parvus – small
minor – smaller
minimus – smallest
superus – high
superior – higher
suprimus – highest
Inferus – Low
inferus – low
inferior – lower
infimus – lowest
Irregular
EXAMPLE
Multus – Much
POSITIVE
COMPARATIVE
SUPERLATIVE
multus – much
plus – more
plurimus – most
- / Prior – Former
prior – former
primus – first
DECLENSION OF COMPARATIVES
e.g. Durior – Harder
FEMININE & MASCULINE
NUMBER
SINGULAR
CASE
GENDER
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE
durior
durior-em
durior-is
durior-i
durior-e
PLURAL
durior-es
durior-es
durior-um
durior-ibus
durior-ibus
e.g. Plus – More
NEUTER
SINGULAR
durius
durius
durior-is
durior-i
durior-e
PLURAL
durior-a
durior-a
durior-um
durior-ibus
durior-ibus
FEMININE & MASCULINE
SINGULAR
plus
plus
plur-is
plur-e
PLURAL
plur-es
plur-es
plur-ium
plur-ibus
plur-ibus
NEUTER
SINGULAR
plus
plus
pluris
plure
PLURAL
plur-a
plur-a
plur-ium
plur-ibus
plur-ibus
ADVERBS (UNINFLECTED)
REGULAR ADVERBIAL DERIVATIVATIONS
st
nd
1 & 2 DECLENSION COMPARATIVES & SUPERLATIVES
Regular
EXAMPLE (Positive Adjective)
Irregular
Durus – Hard
Pulcher – Beautiful
(NEUTER)
(NEUTER)
GENDER (SINGULAR)
dur-e – hardly/harshly
dur-ius – more hardly/harshly
dur-issim-e – most hardly/harshly
ADVERB
COMPARATIVE
SUPERLATIVE
pulchr-e – beautifully
pulchr-ius – more beautifully
pulcherr-ime – most beautifully
Liber – Free
(NEUTER)
liber-e – freely
liber-ius – more freely
liberr-ime – most freely
3rd DECLENSION COMPARATIVES & SUPERLATIVES
Regular
EXAMPLE (Positive Adjective)
ADVERB
COMPARATIVE
SUPERLATIVE
Irregular
Fortis – Strong
Felix – happy
Amans – Loving
fort-iter – strongly
fort-ius
fort-issim-e
felic-iter – happily
felic-ius
felic-issim-e
amant-er – lovingly
amant-ius
amant-issim-e
Discors - Discordant
discord-iter
discord-ius
discord-issim-e
Acer – Sharp
acr-iter – sharply
acr-ius
acerr-im-e
Facilis – Easy
facil-e - easily
facil-ius
facill-im-e
Difficilis
Similis
Dicimilis
Gracilis
Humilis
IRREGULAR ADVERBIAL DERIVATIVATIONS
IRREGULAR COMPARATIVES
EXAMPLE (Positive Adjective)
Bonus – Good
ADVERB
COMPARATIVE
SUPERLATIVE
bene – well
melius
optime
Malus – Bad
male – badly
peius
pessime
Magnus – Great
magnopere – greatly
magis
maxime
Parvus – Small
paulum – small
minor
minime
Superus – High
supere – highly
superius
suprime
Inferus – Low
infere – low
inferius
infime
Irregular
EXAMPLE (Positive Adjective)
Multus – Much
ADVERB
COMPARATIVE
SUPERLATIVE
multum – much
plus
plurimum
- / Prior – Former
prior – former
primum – first/ly
PRIMARY (NON-DERIVED) ADVERBS
(Minus Adverbs Which Are Also Conjunctions or Prepositions with the Acc. & Abl.)
N.B. * = Derived But Worth Inclusion
TEMPORAL
aliquando
quando?
nunc
tunc
tum
cum
dum
nondum
iam
iam pridem
mox
saepe
semper
primum
quamprimum
denique
denuo
rursus
diu
diutius*
diutissime*
dein / deinde
abhinc
dehinc
adhuc
quondam
quoniam
umquam
numquam
nonnumquam
postea
posteaquam
interea / interim
antea
brevi / breviter*
simul
sometimes
when?
now
at that time
then
when / since
while / until
not yet
already
long ago
next / soon
often
always
first
as soon as possible
at last
again / afresh
again / in turn
for a long time
for a longer time*
for the longest time*
afterwards / next
ago / from here
henceforth
still / as yet
once, formerly
since
ever
never
not never/sometimes
here/thereafter
after / ever since
meanwhile
formerly
briefly*
together / same time
QUANTITATIVE
aliquomodo
quomodo?
quam?
tam (with adj. & adv.)
aliquotie(n)s
quotie(n)scumque
quotie(n)s?
totie(n)s
fere
aliquot
quot?
tot
quantum?
tantum
aliquantum
quamvis
nimis / nimium
adeo (with verbs)
parum
tandem
statim
olim
alias
confestim*
cras
hodie
heri
pridie
postridie
cotidie / quotidie
quotannis
mane
meridie
vesperi / vespere
noctu / nocte
somehow
how?
how?
so / so much
several times
however often
how many times?
so often
almost
some
how many?
so many
how much?
so much
somewhat
however much
too much/excessively
so much
insufficiently
at length / at last
immediately
once / at some time
at another time
suddenly*
tomorrow
today
yesterday
the day before
the day after
every day
every year
in the morning
at midday
in the evening
at night
LOCATIONAL
alicubi
ubicumque
sicubi
necubi
ubi?
hic
ibi / illic
ibidem
ubique
utrimque
unde?
hinc
inde / illinc / (istinc)
indidem
undique
quonam/quocumque
quoquo
quo?
huc
eo / iluc / (istuc)
eodem
usque (+ ad + acc.)
usquequaque
qua?
hac
ea / illac
uspiam
quovis / usquam
nusquam
passim
oblique
prorsum
porro
retro
citro
intro
somewhere
wherever
if anywhere
lest anywhere
where?
here
there
in the same place
everywhere
on both sides
from where?
from here
from there / (that)
from the same place
from everywhere
to wherever
to wherever
to where?
to here
to there / (that)
to the same place
all the way (to)
altogether/wholly
by what route?
by this route here
by that route
any/somewhere
(at/in/to) anywhere
(at/in/to) nowhere
in every direction
sideways
forwards
further on / forward
backwards
to this side
inwardly
QUALITATIVE & MISC.
aliquid
qualiscumque
qualis?
talis
ceu
paene
tantum
quare? / cur?
quamobrem?
forsan / fortasse
frustra
idcirco
identidem
equidem
igitur
invicem
ideo
sic
ita
item
modo
nequiquam
parum
paulatim*
praeterea
quidem
quin
quippe
tamen
ultro*
velut / veluti
intus
foras / foris
procul
ex adverso
somewhat
whatever sort
which/what sort?
such/of such kind
as / like / just as
almost
only / exclusively
why?
for what reason?
perhaps
vainly / to no result
on that account
repeatedly
indeed
therefore
in turn
for this reason
this / so
thus / so
likewise
only
in vain / to no result
scarcely / not enough
gradually*
thereafter/moreover
indeed / even
indeed / further
in as much as
however
of one's own accord*
as/like/in same way
inside
outside / abroad
at a distance / off
in front
NUMERALS
NUMERALS
CARDINALS
ORDINALS
ADVERBS
DISTRIBUTIVES
Quot?
How Many?
Quotus?
What Order?
Quotiens?
How Many Times?
Quoteni?
How Many Each?
MULTIPLES & PROPORTIONALS
Quotuplex?
How Many Fold?
Quotuplus?
Times How Many?
1
I
unus (declined)
1st
primus – first
semel – once
singuli – one each
simplex – onefold
simplus – simple
2
II
duo (declined)
2nd
secundus – second
bis – twice
bini – two each
duplex – twofold
duplus – double
3
III
tres (declined)
3rd
tertius – third
ter – thrice/three times
terni / trini – three each
triplex – threefold
triplus – triple
4
IV
quattuor
4th
quartus
quarter
quaterni
quadruplex
quadruplus
5
V
quinque
5th
quintus
quinquiens
quini
quintuplex
quintuplus
6
VI
sex
6th
sextus
sexiens
seni
sextuplex
sextuplus
7
VII
septem
7th
septimus
septiens
septeni
septuplex
septuplus
8
VIII
octo
8th
octavus
octiens
octoni
octuplex
octuplus
9
IX
novem
9th
nonus
noviens
noveni
novemplex
nonuplus
10
X
decem
10th
decimus
deciens
deni
decemplex
decuplus
11
XI
undecim
11th
undecimus
undeciens
undeni
undecimplex
undecuplus
12
XII
duodecim
12th
duodecimus
duodeciens
duodeni
duodecimplex
duodecuplus
13
XIII
tredecim
13th
tertius decimus
terdeciens
terni deni
-
-
14
XIV
quattuordecim
14th
quartus decimus
quarttuordeciens
quaterni deni
-
-
15
XV
quindecim
15th
quintus decimus
quindeciens
quini deni
-
-
16
XVI
sedecim
16th
sextus decimus
sedeciens
seni deni
-
-
17
XVII
septendecim
17th
septimus decimus
septiensdeciens
septeni deni
-
-
18
XVIII
duodeviginti
18th
duodevicensimus
duodeviciens
duodeviceni
-
-
19
XIX
undeviginti
19th
undevicensimus
undeviciens
undeviceni
-
-
20
XX
viginti
20th
vicensimus
viciens
viceni
-
-
21
XXI
viginti unus
21st
unus et vicesimus
vicies semel
viceni singuli
-
-
vicesimus primus
semel et vicies
singuli et viceni
-
-
unus et viginti
28
XXVIII
29
XXIX
30
XXX
40
XL
50
L
60
LX
70
LXX
80
LXXX
90
XC
100
C
200
CC
300
CCC
400
CD
500
D
600
DC
700
DCC
800
DCCC
900
DCCCC
1,000
M
1,200
MCC
2,000
MM
duodetriginta
28th
duodetricesimus
duodeviciens
duodeviceni
-
-
undetriginta
29th
undetricesimus
unodeviciens
undeviceni
-
-
triginta
30th
tricensimus
triciens
triceni
-
-
quadraginta
40th
quadragensimus
quadragiens
quadrageni
-
-
quinquaginta
50th
quinquagensimus
quinquagiens
quinquageni
-
-
sexaginta
60th
sexagensimus
sexagiens
sexageni
-
-
septuaginta
70th
septuagensimus
septuagiens
septuageni
-
-
octoginta
80th
octogensimus
octogiens
octogeni
-
-
nonaginta
90th
nonagensimus
nonagiens
nonageni
-
-
centuplex
centuplus
centem
100th
centensimus
centiens
centeni
ducenti, -ae, -a
200th
ducentesimus
ducentiens
duceni
trecenti,
300th
tricentesimus
trecentiens
treceni
quadrigenti,
400th
quadrigentesimus
quadringentiens
quadrigeni
quingenti
500th
quinquentesimus
quingentiens
quingeni
sescenti
600th
sexcentesimus
sescentiens
sesceni
septingenti
700th
septingentesimus
septingentiens
septingeni
octingenti
800th
octingentesimus
octingentiens
octingeni
nongenti
900th
nongentesimus
nongentiens
nongeni
mille
1,000th
millesimus
miliens
singula milia
ducenti et milia
1,200th
ducentesimus et millesimus
ducentiens et miliens
duceni et singula milia
duo milia
2,000th
bis millesimus
bis miliens
bina milia
NUMERICAL DECLENSIONS
Only Unus, Duo, Tres & Plural Hundreds & Thousands are Declinable, Other Numerals are Undeclinable
Unus – One (Plural Forms Only Apply to Plural-Form Only Substantives)
GENDER
FEMININE
CASE
NUMBER
SINGULAR
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE
un-a
un-am
un-ius
un-i
un-a
MASCULINE
PLURAL
un-ae
un-as
un-arum
un-is
un-is
SINGULAR
NEUTER
PLURAL
un-us
un-um
un-ius
un-i
un-o
SINGULAR
un-i
un-os
un-orum
un-is
un-is
un-um
un-um
un-ius
un-i
un-o
Duo – Two
Tres – Three
FEMININE
MASCULINE
NEUTER
FEMININE
MASCULINE
NUMBER
PLURAL
PLURAL
PLURAL
PLURAL
PLURAL
CASE
GENDER
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE
du-ae
du-as
du-arum
du-abus
du-abus
du-o
du-os
du-orum
du-obus
du-obus
PLURAL
un-a
un-a
un-orum
un-is
un-is
du-o
du-o
du-orum
du-obus
du-obus
tres
tres
tri-um
tri-bus
tri-bus
Ducenti – Two Hundred (Plural Hundred Template)
tres
tres
tri-um
tri-bus
tri-bus
NEUTER
PLURAL
tria
tria
tri-um
tri-bus
tri-bus
Duo Milia (Plural Thousand Template)
FEMININE
MASCULINE
NEUTER
FEMININE
MASCULINE
NEUTER
NUMBER
PLURAL
PLURAL
PLURAL
PLURAL
PLURAL
PLURAL
CASE
GENDER
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE
ducent-ae
ducent-as
ducent-arum
ducent-is
ducent-is
ducent-i
ducent-os
ducent-orum
ducent-is
ducent-is
ducent-a
ducent-a
ducent-orum
ducent-is
ducent-is
N.B. Is Identical to 1st & 2nd Declension Plu.
-
-
mil-ia
mil-ia
mil-ium
mil-ibus
mil-ibus
VERBAL CONJUGATION I
1st CONJUGATION
FINITE FORMS
-a Stems
KEY:SINGULAR
PLURAL
1 I
1 We
2 You (Singular)
2 You (Plural)
3 He, She or It
3 They
N.B. Finite Conjugation = Verbal Stem + (Mood/Tense) Infix + (Personal Agreement) Suffix
VOICE
SINGULAR
TENSE
SINGULAR
PLURAL
1
2
3
par-o-r
para-ris
para-tur
1
2
3
para-mur
para-mini
para-ntur
1
2
3
con-o-r
cona-ris
cona-tur
1 cona-mur
2 cona-mini
3 cona-ntur
FUTURE
1
2
3
para-b-o
para-bi-s
para-bi-t
1
2
3
para-bi-mus
para-bi-tis
para-bu-nt
1
2
3
para-bo-r
para-be-ris
para-bi-tur
1
2
3
para-bi-mur
para-bi-mini
para-bu-ntur
1
2
3
cona-bo-r
cona-be-ris
cona-bi-tur
1 cona-bi-mur
2 cona-bi-mini
3 cona-bu-ntur
IMPERFECT
1
2
3
para-ba-m
para-ba-s
para-ba-t
1
2
3
para-ba-mus
para-ba-tis
para-ba-nt
1
2
3
para-ba-r
para-ba-ris
para-ba-tur
1
2
3
para-ba-mur
para-ba-mini
para-ba-ntur
1
2
3
cona-ba-r
cona-ba-ris
cona-ba-tur
1 cona-ba-mur
2 cona-ba-mini
3 cona-ba-ntur
PERFECT
1
2
3
para-vi *
para-visti *
para-vi-t
1
2
3
para-vi-mus
para-vis-tis
para-veru-nt
1
2
3
paratus sum
paratus es
paratus est
1
2
3
parati sumus
parati estis
parati sunt
1
2
3
conatus sum
conatus es
conatus est
1 conati sumus
2 conati estis
3 conati sunt
FUTURE PERFECT
1
2
3
para-ver-o
para-veri-s
para-veri-t
1
2
3
para-veri-mus
para-veri-tis
para-veri-nt
1
2
3
paratus ero
paratus eris
paratus erit
1
2
3
parati erimus
parati eritis
parati erunt
1
2
3
conatus ero
conatus eris
conatus erit
1 conati erimus
2 conati eritis
3 conati erunt
PLUPERFECT
1
2
3
para-vera-m
para-vera-s
para-vera-t
1
2
3
para-vera-mus
para-vera-tis
para-vera-nt
1
2
3
paratus eram
paratus eras
paratus erat
1
2
3
parati eramus
parati eratis
parati erant
1
2
3
conatus eram
conatus eras
conatus erat
1 conati eramus
2 conati eratis
3 conati erant
PRESENT
1
2
3
par-e-m
par-e-s
par-e-t
1
2
3
par-e-mus
par-e-tis
par-e-nt
1
2
3
par-e-r
par-e-ris
par-e-tur
1
2
3
par-e-mur
par-e-mini
par-e-ntur
1
2
3
con-e-r
con-e-ris
con-e-tur
1 con-e-mur
2 con-e-mini
3 con-e-ntur
IMPERFECT
1
2
3
para-re-m
para-re-s
para-re-t
1
2
3
para-re-mus
para-re-tis
para-re-nt
1
2
3
para-re-r
para-re-ris
para-re-tur
1
2
3
para-re-mur
para-re-mini
para-re-ntur
1
2
3
cona-re-r
cona-re-ris
cona-re-tur
1 cona-re-mur
2 cona-re-mini
3 cona-re-ntur
PERFECT
1
2
3
para-veri-m
para-veri-s
para-veri-t
1
2
3
para-veri-mus
para-veri-tis
para-veri-nt
1
2
3
paratus sim
paratus sis
paratus sit
1
2
3
parati simus
parati sitis
parati sint
1
2
3
conatus sim
conatus sis
conatus sit
1 conati simus
2 conati sitis
3 conati sint
PLUPERFECT
1
2
3
para-visse-m
para-visse-s
para-visse-t
1
2
3
para-visse-mus
para-visse-tis
para-visse-nt
1
2
3
paratus essem
paratus esses
paratus esset
1
2
3
parati essemus
parati essetis
parati essent
1
2
3
conatus essem
conatus esses
conatus esset
1 conati essemus
2 conati essetis
3 conati essent
para
para-te
para-re
para-mini
cona-re
cona-mini
1st CONJUGATION
NON-FINITE FORMS
-a Stems
KEY:† Declines as a 1st & 2nd Declension Adj.
REGULAR VERBS
DEPONENT VERBS
e.g. Parare – To Prepare (etc.)
e.g. Conari – To Try (etc.)
‡ Declines as a 3rd Declension (-ns) Adj.
* Indeclinable
ACTIVE
TENSE
VOICE
INFINITIVES
SINGULAR
para-mus
para-tis
para-nt
IMPERATIVE
PASSIVE
TENSE
ACTIVE (In Passive Format)
PRESENT
*
parare
*
parari
*
conari
PERFECT
*
paravisse [parasse]
†
paratus (m), -a (f), -um (n) esse
†
conatus (m), -a (f), -um (n) esse
FUTURE
†
paraturus (m), -a (f), -um (n) esse
*
paratum iri
†
conaturus (m), -a (f), -um (n) esse
PRESENT
‡
parans (m, f & n), (-tis gen. sing.)
‡
conans (m, f & n), (-tis gen. sing.)
(Active)
PERFECT
PARTICIPLES
PLURAL
1
2
3
(N.B. Irregular affixes)
TENSE
PLURAL
ACTIVE (In Passive Format)
par-o
para-s
para-t
(N.B. No Infix)
MOOD
PASSIVE
1
2
3
PRESENT
INDICATIVE
DEPONENT VERBS
e.g. Conor – I Try (etc.)
ACTIVE
NUMBER
SUBJUNCTIVE
REGULAR VERBS
e.g. Paro – I Prepare (etc.)
FUTURE
†
paraturus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
†
paratus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
†
conatus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
(Passive)
†
parandus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
†
conaturus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
(Active)
†
conandus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
(Passive)
(GERUNDIVE)
CASE
GERUNDS
(GERUNDIVE)
(DECLENSION)
GERUND
SUPINE
GERUND
SUPINE
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE
(present infinitive)
parand-um
parand-i
parand-o
parand-o
parat-um
parat-u
(present infinitive)
conand-um
conand-i
conand-o
conand-o
-
VERBAL CONJUGATION I
1st CONJUGATION – COMMON EXAMPLES
-a Stems
REGULAR VERBS
DEPONENT VERBS
(With the Perfect in -avi & Supine in -tum)
ACTIVE (In Passive Format)
PRINCIPAL PARTS
PRINCIPAL PARTS
PRESENT
INFINITIVE
PERFECT
SUPINE
ENGLISH
PRESENT
INFINITIVE
PERFECT
SUPINE
ENGLISH
accuso
aedifico
ambulo
amo
appello
appropinquo
basio
canto
celo
ceno
cesso
clamo
cogito
convoco
creo
curo
delecto
demonstro
desidero
devoro
dono
dubito
erro
exclamo
explico
exspecto
festino
habito
iacto
incito
intro
iudico
iuro
iuvo
laboro
lacrimo
latro
laudo
lavo
libero
loco
mando
monstro
musso
muto
narro
navigo
neco
numero
nuntio
observo
opto
orno
pecco
pernocto
pondero
porto
praecipito
pugno
purgo
regno
reparo
revoco
rogo
salto
saluto
servo
simulo
specto
spero
spiro
tempto
verbero
vexo
vigilo
visito
vito
voco
accusare
aedificare
ambulare
amare
appellare
appropinquare
basiare
cantare
celare
cenare
cessare
clamare
cogitare
convocare
creare
curare
delectare
demonstrare
desiderare
devorare
donare
dubitare
errare
exclamare
explicare
exspectare
festinare
habitare
iactare
incitare
intrare
iudicare
iurare
iuvare
laborare
lacrimare
latrare
laudare
lavare
liberare
locare
mandare
monstrare
mussare
mutare
narrare
navigare
necare
numerare
nuntiare
observare
optare
ornare
peccare
pernoctare
ponderare
portare
praecipitare
pugnare
purgare
regnare
reparare
revocare
rogare
saltare
salutare
servare
simulare
spectare
sperare
spirare
temptare
verberare
vexare
vigilare
visitare
vitare
vocare
accusavi
aedificavi
ambulavi
amavi
appellavi
appropinquavi
basiavi
cantavi
celavi
cenavi
cessavi
clamavi
cogitavi
convocavi
creavi
curavi
delectavi
demonstravi
desideravi
devoravi
donavi
dubitavi
erravi
exclamavi
explicavi
exspectavi
festinavi
habitavi
iactavi
incitavi
intravi
iudicavi
iuravi
iuvavi
laboravi
lacrimavi
latravi
laudavi
lavavi
liberavi
locavi
mandavi
monstravi
mussavi
mutavi
narravi
navigavi
necavi
numeravi
nuntiavi
observavi
optavi
ornavi
peccavi
pernoctavi
ponderavi
portavi
praecipitavi
pugnavi
purgavi
regnavi
reparavi
revocavi
rogavi
saltavi
salutavi
servavi
simulavi
spectavi
speravi
spiravi
temptavi
verberavi
vexavi
vigilavi
visitavi
vitavi
vocavi
accusatum
aedificatum
ambulatum
amatum
appellatum
appropinquatum
basiatum
cantatum
celatum
cenatum
cessatum
clamatum
cogitatum
convocatum
creatum
curatum
delectatum
demonstratum
desideratum
devoratum
donatum
dubitatum
erratum
exclamatum
explicatum
exspectatum
festinatum
habitatum
iactatum
incitatum
intratum
iudicatum
iuratum
iuvatum
laboratum
lacrimatum
latratum
laudatum
lavatum
liberatum
locatum
mandatum
monstratum
mussatum
mutatum
narratum
navigatum
necatum
numeratum
nuntiatum
observatum
optatum
ornatum
peccatum
pernoctatum
ponderatum
portatum
praecipitatum
pugnatum
purgatum
regnatum
reparatum
revocatum
rogatum
saltatum
salutatum
servatum
simulatum
spectatum
speratum
spiratum
temptatum
verberatum
vexatum
vigilatum
visitatum
vitatum
vocatum
accuse
build
walk
love
call
approach (+ acc.)
kiss
sing
hide, keep secret
dine
stop, rest, be idle
shout (+ acc.)
think
call together
create
take care of
please, charm
show
desire, long for
devour, swallow
present, bestow
doubt, hesitate
mistake, stray
shout out, call
explain, unfold
expect, await
hurry
inhabit, reside
throw, scatter
incite, spur on
enter, go in
judge, declare
swear, take oath
help, aid, serve
labour, work
cry, weep
bark
praise
wash
liberate, set free
place
command
point out, show
mutter, be quiet
change, shift
tell
sail
kill, murder
count
announce
observe, watch
choose, wish
furnish, equip
do wrong
spend the night
weigh, consider
carry, bring
precipitate
fight
cleanse, purify
rule, reign
repair, restore
call back, recall
ask for, propose
dance, leap
greet, salute
preserve, save
copy, pretend
watch, look at
hope (+ acc.)
breathe
attempt
flog, lash, strike
buffet, disturb
remain awake
visit
avoid, evade
call, summon
abominor
admiror
adversor
aemulor
altercor
arbitror
architector
argumentor
aspernor
attestor
circulor
commentor
commercor
commissor
commiseror
confabulor
consector
consilor
consolor
conspicor
contemplor
contestor
convivor
cunctor
dedignor
deprecor
detestor
dominor
imaginor
imitor
indignor
insector
interpretor
iocor
irascor
lamentor
lucror
machinor
medicor
meditor
metor
miseror
modulor
operor
opinor
peregrinor
perplexor
piscor
populor
praedor
recordor
reluctor
remoror
remuneror
scitor
scrutor
scurror
stomachor
suspicor
tortor
tutor
veneror
abominari
admirari
adversari
aemulari
altercari
arbitrari
architectari
argumentari
aspernari
attestari
ciruclari
commentari
commercari
commissari
commiserari
confabulari
consectari
consilari
consolari
conspicari
contemplari
contestari
convivari
cunctari
dedignari
deprecari
detestari
dominari
imaginari
imitari
indignari
insectari
interpretari
iocari
inrascari
lamentari
lucrari
machinari
medicari
meditari
metari
miserari
modulari
operari
opinari
peregrinari
perplexari
piscari
populari
praedari
recordari
reluctari
remorari
remunerari
scitari
scrutari
scurrari
stomachari
suspicari
tortari
tutari
venerari
abominatus
admiratus
adversatus
aemulatus
altercatus
arbitratus
architectus
argumentatus
aspernatus
attestatus
circulatus
commentatus
commercatus
commissatus
commiseratus
confabulatus
consectatus
consilatus
consolatus
conspicatus
contemplatus
contestatus
convivatus
cunctatus
dedignatus
deprecatus
detestatus
dominatus
imaginatus
imitatus
indignatus
insectatus
interpretatus
iocatus
inrascatus
lamentatus
lucratus
machinatus
medicatus
meditatus
metatus
miseratus
modulatus
operatus
opinatus
peregrinatus
perplexatus
piscatus
populatus
praedatus
recordatus
reluctatus
remoratus
remuneratus
scitatus
scrutatus
scurratus
stomachatus
suspicatus
tortatus
tutatus
veneratus
-
insult, detest
wonder, admire
turn against
rival, emulate
dispute, argue
consider, judge
build, construct
prove
reject, disdain
prove, confirm
form a circle
study, consider
buy, purchase
revel, celebrate
commiserate
chat, gossip
follow eagerly
consult
console
see, perceive
contemplate
appeal to
banquet, revel
delay
scorn, reject
deprecate, avert
invoke, curse
rule, master
imagine
copy, imitate
be angry at
pursue, attack
interpret
joke, jest
be angry
weep, lament
win, gain
devise, plot
cure
reflect, consider
measure
pity, deplore
modulate
work, labour
think, suppose
travel, be away
confuse
fish
ravage
rob, plunder
recall
resist
remain, linger
repay, reward
inquire
search, examine
fool about
be annoyed
suspect, suppose
writhe
guard, protect
revere, worship
REGULAR VERBS – PECULIARITIES
PRINCIPAL PARTS
PRESENT
INFINITIVE
PERFECT
SUPINE
ENGLISH
cubitum
domitum
sectum
vetitum
lie down
tame
cut
forbid
With the Perfect in -ui
cubo
domo
seco
veto
cubare
domare
secare
vetare
cubui
domui
secui
vetui
With the Reduplicated Perfect
do
sto
dare
stare
dedi
steti
datum
statum
give
stand
VERBAL CONJUGATION II
2nd CONJUGATION
FINITE FORMS
-e Stems
KEY:SINGULAR
PLURAL
1 I
1 We
2 You (Singular)
2 You (Plural)
3 He, She or It
3 They
N.B. Finite Conjugation = Verbal Stem + (Mood/Tense) Infix + (Personal Agreement) Suffix
VOICE
SINGULAR
TENSE
SINGULAR
PLURAL
1
2
3
mone-o-r
mone-ris
mone-tur
1
2
3
mone-mur
mone-mini
mone-ntur
1
2
3
re-o-r
re-ris
re-tur
1
2
3
re-mur
re-mini
re-ntur
FUTURE
1
2
3
mone-b-o
mone-bi-s
mone-bi-t
1
2
3
mone-bi-mus
mone-bi-tis
mone-bu-nt
1
2
3
mone-bo-r
mone-be-ris
mone-bi-tur
1
2
3
mone-bi-mur
mone-bi-mini
mone-bu-ntur
1
2
3
re-bo-r
re-be-ris
re-bi-tur
1
2
3
re-bi-mur
re-bi-mini
re-bu-ntur
IMPERFECT
1
2
3
mone-ba-m
mone-ba-s
mone-ba-t
1
2
3
mone-ba-mus
mone-ba-tis
mone-ba-nt
1
2
3
mone-ba-r
mone-ba-ris
mone-ba-tur
1
2
3
mone-ba-mur
mone-ba-mini
mone-ba-ntur
1
2
3
re-ba-r
re-ba-ris
re-ba-tur
1
2
3
re-ba-mur
re-ba-mini
re-ba-ntur
PERFECT
1
2
3
mon-ui *
mon-uisti *
mon-ui-t
1
2
3
mon-ui-mus
mon-uis-tis
mon-ueru/e-nt
1
2
3
monitus sum
monitus es
monitus est
1
2
3
moniti sumus
moniti estis
moniti sunt
1
2
3
ratus sum
ratus es
ratus est
1
2
3
rati sumus
rati estis
rati sunt
FUTURE PERFECT
1
2
3
mon-uer-o
mon-ueri-s
mon-ueri-t
1
2
3
mon-ueri-mus
mon-ueri-tis
mon-ueri-nt
1
2
3
monitus ero
monitus eris
monitus erit
1
2
3
moniti erimus
moniti eritis
moniti erunt
1
2
3
ratus ero
ratus eris
ratus erit
1
2
3
rati erimus
rati eritis
rati erunt
PLUPERFECT
1
2
3
mon-uera-m
mon-uera-s
mon-uera-t
1
2
3
mon-uera-mus
mon-uera-tis
mon-uera-nt
1
2
3
monitus eram
monitus eras
monitus erat
1
2
3
moniti eramus
moniti eratis
moniti erant
1
2
3
ratus eram
ratus eras
ratus erat
1
2
3
rati eramus
rati eratis
rati erant
PRESENT
1
2
3
mone-a-m
mone-a-s
mone-a-t
1
2
3
mone-a-mus
mone-a-tis
mone-a-nt
1
2
3
mone-a-r
mone-a-ris
mone-a-tur
1
2
3
mone-a-mur
mone-a-mini
mone-a-ntur
1
2
3
re-a-r
re-a-ris
re-a-tur
1
2
3
re-a-mur
re-a-mini
re-a-ntur
IMPERFECT
1
2
3
mone-re-m
mone-re-s
mone-re-t
1
2
3
mone-re-mus
mone-re-tis
mone-re-nt
1
2
3
mone-re-r
mone-re-ris
mone-re-tur
1
2
3
mone-re-mur
mone-re-mini
mone-re-ntur
1
2
3
re-re-r
re-re-ris
re-re-tur
1
2
3
re-re-mur
re-re-mini
re-re-ntur
PERFECT
1
2
3
mon-ueri-m
mon-ueri-s
mon-ueri-t
1
2
3
mon-ueri-mus
mon-ueri-tis
mon-ueri-nt
1
2
3
monitus sim
monitus sis
monitus sit
1
2
3
moniti simus
moniti sitis
moniti sint
1
2
3
ratus sim
ratus sis
ratus sit
1
2
3
rati simus
rati sitis
rati sint
PLUPERFECT
1
2
3
mon-uisse-m
mon-uisse-s
mon-uisse-t
1
2
3
mon-uisse-mus
mon-uisse-tis
mon-uisse-nt
1
2
3
monitus essem
monitus esses
monitus esset
1
2
3
moniti essemus
moniti essetis
moniti essent
1
2
3
ratus essem
ratus esses
ratus esset
1
2
3
rati essemus
rati essetis
rati essent
mone
mone-te
mone-re
mone-mini
re-re
re-mini
2nd CONJUGATION
NON-FINITE FORMS
-e Stems
KEY:† Declines as a 1st & 2nd Declension Adj.
‡ Declines as a 3rd Declension (-ns) Adj.
* Indeclinable
REGULAR VERBS
DEPONENT VERBS
e.g. Monere – To Warn (etc.)
e.g. Reri – To Think (etc.)
ACTIVE
TENSE
VOICE
INFINITIVES
SINGULAR
mone-mus
mone-tis
mone-nt
IMPERATIVE
PASSIVE
TENSE
ACTIVE (In Passive Format)
PRESENT
*
monere
*
moneri
*
reri
PERFECT
*
monuisse
†
monitus (m), -a (f), -um (n) esse
†
ratus (m), -a (f), -um (n) esse
FUTURE
†
moniturus (m), -a (f), -um (n) esse
*
monitum iri
†
raturus (m), -a (f), -um (n) esse
PRESENT
‡
monens (m, f & n), (-tis gen. sing.)
‡
rens (m, f & n), (-tis gen. sing.)
(Active)
PERFECT
PARTICIPLES
PLURAL
1
2
3
(N.B. Irregular affixes)
TENSE
PLURAL
ACTIVE (In Passive Format)
mone-o
mone-s
mone-t
(N.B. No Infix)
MOOD
PASSIVE
1
2
3
PRESENT
INDICATIVE
DEPONENT VERBS
e.g. Reor – I Think (etc.)
ACTIVE
NUMBER
SUBJUNCTIVE
REGULAR VERBS
e.g. Moneo – I Warn (etc.)
FUTURE
†
moniturus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
†
monitus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
†
ratus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
(Passive)
†
monendus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
†
raturus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
(Active)
†
rendus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
(Passive)
(GERUNDIVE)
CASE
GERUNDS
(GERUNDIVE)
(DECLENSION)
GERUND
SUPINE
GERUND
SUPINE
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE
(present infinitive)
moend-um
moend-i
moend-o
moend-o
monit-um
monit-u
(present infinitive)
rend-um
rend-i
rend-o
rend-o
-
VERBAL CONJUGATION II
2nd CONJUGATION – COMMON EXAMPLES
-e Stems
REGULAR VERBS
DEPONENT VERBS
(With the Perfect in -ui or -vi * & Supine in -tum or -sum)
ACTIVE (In Passive Format)
PRINCIPAL PARTS
PRINCIPAL PARTS
PRESENT
INFINITIVE
PERFECT
SUPINE
ENGLISH
PRESENT
INFINITIVE
PERFECT
SUPINE
ENGLISH
abhorreo
aboleo
absorbeo
abstineo
admoveo
arceo
areo
caleo
careo
caveo
censeo
cieo
clueo
coerceo
debeo
deceo
doceo
doleo
egeo
exhibeo
faveo
ferveo
fleo
floreo
foveo
frigeo
habeo
horreo
iaceo
immineo
impleo
indigeo
indulgeo
iubeo
lateo
libet #
licet #
liquet #
maereo
medeo
mereo
misceo
miseret #
mordeo
moveo
mulceo
noceo
obtineo
oleo
pareo
paveo
placeo
poeniteo
polliceo
polluceo
praebeo
prohibeo
pudet #
removeo
reticeo
retineo
sileo
soleo
sorbeo
splendeo
strideo
studeo
stupeo
suedeo
sustineo
taceo
taedet #
teneo
terreo
timeo
tondeo
torreo
voveo
abhorrere
abolere
absorbere
abstinere
admovere
arcere
arere
calere
carere
cavere
censere
ciere
cluere
coercere
debere
decere
docere
dolere
egere
exhibere
favere
fervere
flere
florere
fovere
frigere
habere
horrere
iacere
imminere
implere
indigere
indulgere
iubere
latere
libere
licere
liquere
maerere
medere
merere
miscere
miserere
mordere
movere
mulcere
nocere
obtinere
olere
parere
pavere
placere
poenitere
pollicere
pollucere
praebere
prohibere
pudere
removere
reticere
retinere
silere
solere
sorbere
splendere
stridere
studere
stupere
suedere
sustinere
tacere
taedere
tenere
terrere
timere
tondere
torrere
vovere
abhorrui
abolui
absorbui
abstinui
admovi *
arci
arui
calui
carui
cavi *
censui
civi *
clui
coercui
debui
decui
docui
dolui
egui
exhibui
favi *
ferbui
flevi *
florui
fovi *
frigui
habui
horrui
iacui
imminui
implevi *
indigui
indulgui
iubui
latui
libuit #
licuit #
liqui #
maeui
medui
merui
miscui
miseruit #
mordui
movi *
mulcui
nocui
obtinui
olui
parui
pavi *
placui
poenitui
pollicui
pollucui
praebui
prohibui
puduit #
removi *
reticui
retinui
silui
solui
sorbui
splendui
stridui
studui
stupui
suedui
sustinui
tacui
taeduit #
tenui
terrui
timui
tondui
torrui
vovi
abolitum
absorbitum
abstinitum
admotum *
aritum
caritum
cautum *
censum
citum *
cuercitum
debitum
decitum
docitum
dolitum
egitum
exhibitum
fautum *
fervitum
fletum *
fotum *
frigitum
habitum
horritum
imminitum
impletum *
indigitum
indulgitum
iubitum
libitum (# est)
licitum (# est)
liquitum (# est)
meditum
meritum
mixtum *
miseritum (# est)
morditum
motum *
mulcitum
nocitum
obtentum *
olitum
paritum
placitum
poenititum
pollicitum
pollucitum
praebitum
prohibitum
puditum (# est)
remotum *
retinitum
solitm
sorbitum
splenditum
striditum
sueditum
sustentum *
tacitum
taesum (# est)
tentum/tensum
territum
tonditum
torritum
votum
recoil, differ
destroy
swallow, devour
abstain, refrain
apply, bring up
enclose, keep off
be dry/thirsty
be hot/excited
lack, be without
beware of
assess, value
disturb, provoke
be spoken of
constrain, curb
owe, ought
befit, be suitable
teach, inform
ache, feel pain
need, lack
tender, present
favour
boil, rage, glow
weep
flourish, bloom
cherish, care for
be cold/lifeless
have, hold
shudder, bristle
lie still/dormant
threaten, hang
fulfil, complete
need, lack
indulge
bid, order, tell
lurk, lie hidden
it pleases
is permitted
is clear/evident
grieve, lament
heal, be a cure
earn, deserve
mix up, mingle
it invokes pity
bite
move, stir up
stroke, caress
hurt, harm
hold, maintain
smell
be visible/evident
be frightened
please, satisfy
repent
promise
offer in sacrifice
show, present
restrain, prevent
it shames
remove
keep silent
catch, retain
be silent/still
be accustomed
suck in/up
be bright/shine
screech, hiss
study, be eager
be stunned
advise
sustain, hold off
be silent
it tires/sickens
hold, keep
terrify, frighten
fear, be afraid
shear, clip, crop
roast
vow, pray
confiteor
contueor
diffiteor
fateor
intueor
liceor
polliceor
reor
revereor
tueor
vereor
confiteri
contueri
diffiteri
fateri
intueri
liceri
polliceri
reri
revereri
tueri
vereri
confessus
contuitus
diffessus
fassus
intuitus
licitus
pollicitus
ratus
reveritus
tuitus
veritus
-
confess, reveal
observe, consider
disown
confess
watch, consider
bid for at auction
promise, offer
think, reckon
revere, respect
watch, guard
fear /respect
SEMI-DEPONENT VERBS
ACTIVE/PASSIVE (In Mixed Format)
PRINCIPAL PARTS
PRESENT
INFINITIVE
PERFECT
SUPINE
ENGLISH
audeo
gaudeo
soleo
audere
gaudere
solere
ausus
gavisus
solitus
-
dare
be glad, rejoice
be accustomed
REGULAR VERBS – PECULIARITIES
PRINCIPAL PARTS
PRESENT
INFINITIVE
PERFECT
SUPINE
ENGLISH
With the Perfect in -i
(See Also Verbs With the Reduplicated Perfect)
adsideo
impendeo
invideo
obsideo
pendeo
possideo
provideo
resideo
respondeo
sedeo
supersideo
video
adsidere
impendere
invidere
obsidere
pendere
possidere
providere
residere
respondere
sedere
supersidere
videre
deleo
fleo
suppleo
delere
flere
supplere
adaugeo
adfulgeo
adhaereo
adurgeo
algeo
ardeo
arrideo
augeo
fulgeo
haereo
irrideo
iubeo
luceo
lugeo
maneo
permaneo
remaneo
rideo
suedeo
tergeo
torqueo
urgeo
adaugere
adfulgere
adhaerere
adurgere
algere
ardere
arridere
augere
fulgere
haerere
irridere
iubere
lucere
lugere
manere
permanere
remanere
ridere
suadere
tergere
torquere
urgere
mordeo
pendeo
spondeo
mordere
pendere
spondere
adsedi
impendi
invidi
obsedi
pendi
possedi
providi
resedi
respondi
sedi
supersedi
vidi
adsessum
impensum
invisum
obsessum *
pensum
possessum *
provisum
responsum
sessum *
supersessum
visum
sit by attend
spend, devote
envy, begrudge
besiege, occypy
hang, depend
possess, have
foresee, provide
remain, sit
reply, answer
sit
refrain, desist
see
deletum
fletum
suppletum
destroy
weep
fill up, reinforce
With the Perfect in -evi
delevi
flevi
supplevi
With the Perfect in -si or -xi
adauxi
adfulsi
adhaesi
adursi
alsi *
arsi
arrisi
auxi
fulsi
haesi
irrisi
iussi
luxi
luxi
mansi
permansi
remansi
risi
suasi
tersi
torsi
ursi
adauctum
adhaesum
arsum
arrisum
auctum
haesum
iussum
luctum
mansum
permansum
suasum
tersum
tortum
-
intensify
shine on
stick to/by
press on, pursue
be cold
burn
smile at, please
increase
shine
be stuck, cling
mock, jeer
order
shine
mourn
stay, remain
stay through
remain, persist
laugh
persuade (+ dat.)
wipe
twist, torture
press, push
With the Reduplicated Perfect
momordi
pependi
spopondi
morsum
sponsum
KEY:- # Impersonal Verbs, Only Available in the 3rd Person
Bite
hang
pledge
VERBAL CONJUGATION III
3rd CONJUGATION
FINITE FORMS
Consonant Stems
KEY:SINGULAR
PLURAL
1 I
1 We
2 You (Singular)
2 You (Plural)
3 He, She or It
3 They
N.B. Finite Conjugation = Verbal Stem + (Mood/Tense) Infix + (Personal Agreement) Suffix
VOICE
SINGULAR
TENSE
SINGULAR
PLURAL
1
2
3
reg-o-r
reg-e-ris
reg-i-tur
1
2
3
reg-i-mur
reg-i-mini
reg-u-ntur
1
2
3
loqu-o-r
loqu-e-ris
loqu-i-tur
1 loqu-i-mur
2 loqu-i-mini
3 loqu-u-ntur
FUTURE
1
2
3
reg-a-m
reg-e-s
reg-e-t
1
2
3
reg-e-mus
reg-e-tis
reg-e-nt
1
2
3
reg-a-r
reg-e-ris
reg-e-tur
1
2
3
reg-e-mur
reg-e-mini
reg-e-ntur
1
2
3
loqu-a-r
loqu-e-ris
loqu-e-tur
1 loqu-e-mur
2 loqu-e-mini
3 loqu-e-ntur
IMPERFECT
1
2
3
reg-eba-m
reg-eba-s
reg-eba-t
1
2
3
reg-eba-mus
reg-eba-tis
reg-eba-nt
1
2
3
reg-eba-r
reg-eba-ris
reg-eba-tur
1
2
3
reg-eba-mur
reg-eba-mini
reg-eba-ntur
1
2
3
loqu-eba-r
loqu-eba-ris
loqu-eba-tur
1 loqu-eba-mur
2 loqu-eba-mini
3 loqu-eba-ntur
PERFECT
1
2
3
rex-i *
rex-isti *
rex-i-t
1
2
3
rex-i-mus
rex-is-tis
rex-eru/e-nt
1
2
3
rectus sum
rectus es
rectus est
1
2
3
recti sumus
recti estis
recti sunt
1
2
3
locutus sum
locutus es
locutus est
1 locuti sumus
2 locuti estis
3 locuti sunt
FUTURE PERFECT
1
2
3
rex-er-o
rex-eri-s
rex-eri-t
1
2
3
rex-eri-mus
rex-eri-tis
rex-eri-nt
1
2
3
rectus ero
rectus eris
rectus erit
1
2
3
recti erimus
recti eritis
recti erunt
1
2
3
locutus ero
locutus eris
locutus erit
1 locuti erimus
2 locuti eritis
3 locuti erunt
PLUPERFECT
1
2
3
rex-era-m
rex-era-s
rex-era-t
1
2
3
rex-era-mus
rex-era-tis
rex-era-nt
1
2
3
rectus eram
rectus eras
rectus erat
1
2
3
recti eramus
recti eratis
recti erant
1
2
3
locutus eram
locutus eras
locutus erat
1 locuti eramus
2 locuti eratis
3 locuti erant
PRESENT
1
2
3
reg-a-m
reg-a-s
reg-a-t
1
2
3
reg-a-mus
reg-a-tis
reg-a-nt
1
2
3
reg-a-r
reg-a-ris
reg-a-tur
1
2
3
reg-a-mur
reg-a-mini
reg-a-ntur
1
2
3
loqu-a-r
loqu-a-ris
loqu-a-tur
1 loqu-a-mur
2 loqu-a-mini
3 loqu-a-ntur
IMPERFECT
1
2
3
reg-ere-m
reg-ere-s
reg-ere-t
1
2
3
reg-ere-mus
reg-ere-tis
reg-ere-nt
1
2
3
reg-ere-r
reg-ere-ris
reg-ere-tur
1
2
3
reg-ere-mur
reg-ere-mini
reg-ere-ntur
1
2
3
loqu-ere-r
loqu-ere-ris
loqu-ere-tur
1 loqu-ere-mur
2 loqu-ere-mini
3 loqu-ere-ntur
PERFECT
1
2
3
rex-eri-m
rex-eri-s
rex-eri-t
1
2
3
rex-eri-mus
rex-eri-tis
rex-eri-nt
1
2
3
rectus sim
rectus sis
rectus sit
1
2
3
recti simus
recti sitis
recti sint
1
2
3
locutus sim
locutus sis
locutus sit
1 locuti simus
2 locuti sitis
3 locuti sint
PLUPERFECT
1
2
3
rex-isse-m
rex-isse-s
rex-isse-t
1
2
3
rex-isse-mus
rex-isse-tis
rex-isse-nt
1
2
3
rectus essem
rectus esses
rectus esset
1
2
3
recti essemus
recti essetis
recti essent
1
2
3
locutus essem
locutus esses
locutus esset
1 locuti essemus
2 locuti essetis
3 locuti essent
rege
regi-te
rege-re
regi-mini
loque-re
loqui-mini
3rd CONJUGATION
NON-FINITE FORMS
Consonant Stems
KEY:† Declines as a 1st & 2nd Declension Adj.
REGULAR VERBS
DEPONENT VERBS
e.g. Regere – To Rule (etc.)
e.g. Loqui – To Speak (etc.)
‡ Declines as a 3rd Declension (-ns) Adj.
* Indeclinable
ACTIVE
TENSE
VOICE
INFINITIVES
SINGULAR
reg-i-mus
reg-i-tis
reg-u-nt
IMPERATIVE
PASSIVE
TENSE
ACTIVE (In Passive Format)
PRESENT
*
regere
*
regeri
*
loqui
PERFECT
*
rexisse
†
rectus (m), -a (f), -um (n) esse
†
locutus (m), -a (f), -um (n) esse
FUTURE
†
recturus (m), -a (f), -um (n) esse
*
rectum iri
†
locuturus (m), -a (f), -um (n) esse
PRESENT
‡
regens (m, f & n), (-tis gen. sing.)
‡
loquens (m, f & n), (-tis gen. sing.)
(Active)
PERFECT
PARTICIPLES
PLURAL
1
2
3
(N.B. Irregular affixes)
TENSE
PLURAL
ACTIVE (In Passive Format)
reg-o
reg-i-s
reg-i-t
(N.B. Infix)
MOOD
PASSIVE
1
2
3
PRESENT
INDICATIVE
DEPONENT VERBS
e.g. Loquor – I Speak (etc.)
ACTIVE
NUMBER
SUBJUNCTIVE
REGULAR VERBS
e.g. Rego – I Rule (etc.)
FUTURE
†
recturus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
†
rectus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
†
locutus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
(Passive)
†
regendus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
†
locuturus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
(Active)
†
loquendus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
(Passive)
(GERUNDIVE)
CASE
GERUNDS
(GERUNDIVE)
(DECLENSION)
GERUND
SUPINE
GERUND
SUPINE
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE
(present infinitive)
regend-um
regend-i
regend-o
regend-o
rect-um
rect-u
(present infinitive)
loquend-um
loquend-i
loquend-o
loquend-o
-
VERBAL CONJUGATION III
3rd CONJUGATION – COMMON EXAMPLES
Consonant Stems
REGULAR VERBS
DEPONENT VERBS
(With the Perfect in -si or -xi & the Supine in -tum or -sum)
ACTIVE (In Passive Format)
PRINCIPAL PARTS
PRINCIPAL PARTS
PRESENT
INFINITIVE
PERFECT
SUPINE
ENGLISH
PRESENT
INFINITIVE
PERFECT
SUPINE
ENGLISH
accido
benedico
carpo
cedo
claudo
cingo
comburo
committo
concedo
conduco
coquo
demo
dico
duco
evado
figo
fingo
flecto
fluo
gero
intellego
iungo
laedo
ludo
mergo
mitto
neglego
nubo
plaudo
scribo
spargo
stringo
struo
sumo
surgo
tego
tingo
traho
uro
vado *
veho
vivo
accidere
benedicere
carpere
cedere
claudere
cingere
comburere
committere
concedere
conducere
coquere
demere
dicere
ducere
evadere
figere
fingere
flectere
fluere
gerere
intellegere
iungere
laedere
ludere
mergere
mittere
neglegere
nubere
plaudere
scribere
spargere
stringere
struere
sumere
surgere
tegere
tingere
trahere
urere
vadere *
vehere
vivere
benedixi
carpsi
cessi
clausi
cinxi
combussi
commisi
concessi
conduxi
coxi
dempsi *
dixi
duxi
evasi
fixi
finxi
flexi
fluxi
gessi
intellexi
iunxi
laesi
lusi
mersi
misi
neglexi
nupsi
plausi
scripsi
sparsi
strinxi
struxi
sumpsi
surrexi
texi
tinxi
traxi
ussi
vexi
vixi
benedictum
carptum
cessum
clausum
cinctum
combussum
commissum
concessum
condictum
coctum
demptum *
dictum
ductum
evasum
fixum
fictum
flectum
fluxum
gestum
intellectum
iunctum
laesum
lusum
mersum
missum
neglectum
nuptum
plausum
scriptum
sparsum
strinctum
structum
sumptum
surrectum
tectum
tinctum
tractum
ustum
vectum
victum
happen
praise, bless
pick, pluck
withdraw, yield
close,shut
surround
burn, consume
commit
yield, grant
hire, be useful
cook, bake, boil
take away
say, tell
lead
escape
fix, fasten
shape, fashion
bend, turn
flow
carry, wear
understand
join, connect
hurt, harm
play
sink, dip, cover
send
neglect
marry
clap, beat, strike
write
scatter, disperse
bind, draw tight
build, contrive
take, receive
rise/get up
cover, shelter
amplector
fruor
fungor
irascor *
labor
nanciscor *
nascor *
nitor
obliviscor *
proficiscor
queror
revertor
sequor
utor
amplecti
frui
fungi
irasci *
labi
nancisci *
nasci *
niti
oblivisci *
proficisci
queri
reverti
sequi
uti
amplexus
fructus
functus
iratus
lapsus
na(n)ctus
natus
nixus/nisus
oblitus
profectus
questus
reversus
sequtus
usus
-
embrace
enjoy (+ abl.)
perform (+ abl.)
be angry (+ dat)
slip / slide
obtain
be born
lean on, strive
forget (+ gen.)
set out
dye, tinge, imbue
drag
burn, scorch, dry
go
carry
live
REGULAR VERBS – PECULIARITIES
PRINCIPAL PARTS
PRESENT
INFINITIVE
PERFECT
SUPINE
ENGLISH
(With Perfect Stem the Same as the Present, in -i & Supine in -tum or -sum)
accendo
ago
ascendo
bibo
cogo
compello
concido
consido
contendo *
defendo
descendo
edo
emo
frango
lambo
lego
metuo
ostendo
pando
prehendo
relinquo
rumpo
ruo
scando
sido
verto
vinco
viso
volvo
accendere
agere
ascendere
bibere
cogere
compellere
concidere
considere
contendere
defendere
descendere
esse *
emere
frangere
lambere
legere
metuere
ostendere
pandere
prehendere
relinquere
rumpere
ruere
scandere
sidere
vertere
vincere
visere
volvere
accendi
egi *
ascendi
bibi
coegi *
compuli *
concidi
consedi *
contendi *
defendi
descendi
edi
emi
fregi *
lambi
legi
metui
ostendi
pandi
prehendi
reliqui *
rupi *
rui
scendi
sedi
verti
vici
visi
volvi
accensum
actum
ascensum
coactum *
compulsum
concisum
consessum
contentum
defensum
descensum
esum
emptum
fractum
lectum
metutum *
ostentum
pansum
prehensum
relictum *
ruptum *
rutum
scensum
scessum
versum
victum
visum
volutum
light (a fire)
do, drive, act
climb/go up
drink
move together
collect, compel
fall, collapse
return
follow
use (+ abl.)
SEMI-DEPONENT VERBS
ACTIVE (In Mixed Format) N.B. Includes All Compounds of Fido
PRINCIPAL PARTS
PRESENT
INFINITIVE
PERFECT
SUPINE
ENGLISH
confido
fido
confidere
fidere
confisus
fisus
-
entrust
have faith in
REGULAR VERBS – PECULIARITIES
PRINCIPAL PARTS
PRESENT
INFINITIVE
PERFECT
SUPINE
ENGLISH
With the Perfect in -ui or -vi
alo
agnosco
arcesso
cognosco
colo
cresco
fremo
fundo
gemo
gigno
induo
nosco
peto
pono
quaero
quiesco
secerno
sero
sino
solvo
sperno
statuo
strepo
suesco
tremo
settle, sink, camp
exert, insist
defend
climb/go down
eat
buy, gain
break
lick, wash
read, gather etc.
fear
display, expose
spread, open up
grasp, catch
leave
break, burst
ruin, dash, fall
climb, mount
sit, settle, sink
turn
conquer
go to see
roll
complain, protest
alere
agnoscere
arcessere
cognoscere
colere
crescere
fremere
fundere
gemere
gignere
induere
noscere
petere
ponere
quaerere
quiescere
secernere
serere
sinere
solvere
spernere
statuere
strepere
suescere
tremere
alui
agnovi
arcessui
cognovi
colui
crevi
fremui
fui *
gemui
genui *
indui
novi
petivi *
posui
quaesivi
quievi
secrevi
serui
sivi *
solvi
sprevi
statui
strepui
suevi
tremui
altum
agnotum
aressitum
cognitum
cultum
cretum
fremitum
fusum
gemitum
genitum
indutum
notum
petitum
positum
quaesitum
quietum
secretum
sertum
situm
solutum
spretum
statutum
streptum
suetum
-
feed, nourish
acknowledge
summon
acquaint oneself
cultivate
grow
groan, grumble
pour, diffuse
groan, moan
beget, produce
put on (clothes)
get to know
seek
place, put
ask, seek
rest
separate
plant, sow, string
allow, permit
loosen
despise
establish
make a noise
accustom
quake, tremble
With the Reduplicated Perfect & Supine in -tum or -sum
addo
cado
caedo
cano
condo
consisto
credo
curro
disco
parco
pello
pendo
perdo
posco
prodo
sisto
tango
tendo
trado
vendo
addere
cadere
caedere
canere
condere
consistere
credere
currere
discere
parcere
pellere
pendere
perdere
poscere
prodere
sistere
tangere
tendere
tradere
vendere
addidi
cecidi *
cecidi *
cecini
condidi
constiti
credidi
cucurri
disdici
peperci
pepuli
pependi
perdidi
poposci
prodidi
stiti
tetegi
tetendi
tradidi
vendidi
additum
casum
caesum
cantum
conditum
constitum
creditum
cursum
parsum
pulsum
pensum
perditum
proditum
statum
tactum
tentum / tensum
traditum
venditum
add
fall
beat, kill
sing
establish etc.
depend, consist
believe, entrust
run
learn
spare (+ dat.)
drive, push
weigh, consider
ruin, lose
demand
pass on, etc.
stand, set, stop
touch
stretch, spread
hand, deliver
sell
VERBAL CONJUGATION III (MIXED)
MIXED 3rd CONJUGATION
FINITE FORMS
-io Stems
KEY:SINGULAR
PLURAL
1 I
1 We
2 You (Singular)
2 You (Plural)
3 He, She or It
3 They
N.B. Finite Conjugation = Verbal Stem + (Mood/Tense) Infix + (Personal Agreement) Suffix
VOICE
SINGULAR
TENSE
SINGULAR
PLURAL
1
2
3
capi-o-r
cap-e-ris *
capi-tur
1
2
3
capi-mur
capi-mini
capi-u-ntur *
1
2
3
pati-o-r
pati-e-ris *
pati-tur
1
2
3
pati-mur
pati-mini
pati-u-ntur *
FUTURE
1
2
3
capi-a-m
capi-e-s
capi-e-t
1
2
3
capi-e-mus
capi-e-tis
capi-e-nt
1
2
3
capi-a-r
capi-e-ris
capi-e-tur
1
2
3
capi-e-mur
capi-e-mini
capi-e-ntur
1
2
3
pati-a-r
pati-e-ris
pati-e-tur
1
2
3
pati-e-mur
pati-e-mini
pati-e-ntur
IMPERFECT
1
2
3
capi-eba-m
capi-eba-s
capi-eba-t
1
2
3
capi-eba-mus
capi-eba-tis
capi-eba-nt
1
2
3
capi-eba-r
capi-eba-ris
capi-eba-tur
1
2
3
capi-eba-mur
capi-eba-mini
capi-eba-ntur
1
2
3
pati-eba-r
pati-eba-ris
pati-eba-tur
1
2
3
pati-eba-mur
pati-eba-mini
pati-eba-ntur
PERFECT
1
2
3
cep-i *
cep-isti *
cep-i-t
1
2
3
cep-i-mus
cep-is-tis
cep-eru-nt
1
2
3
captus sum
captus es
captus est
1
2
3
capti sumus
capti estis
capti sunt
1
2
3
passus sum
passus es
passus est
1
2
3
passi sumus
passi estis
passi sunt
FUTURE PERFECT
1
2
3
cep-er-o
cep-eri-s
cep-eri-t
1
2
3
cep-eri-mus
cep-eri-tis
cep-eri-nt
1
2
3
captus ero
captus eris
captus erit
1
2
3
capti erimus
capti eritis
capti erunt
1
2
3
passus ero
passus eris
passus erit
1
2
3
passi erimus
passi eritis
passi erunt
PLUPERFECT
1
2
3
cep-era-m
cep-era-s
cep-era-t
1
2
3
cep-era-mus
cep-era-tis
cep-era-nt
1
2
3
captus eram
captus eras
captus erat
1
2
3
capti eramus
capti eratis
capti erant
1
2
3
passus eram
passus eras
passus erat
1
2
3
passi eramus
passi eratis
passi erant
PRESENT
1
2
3
capi-a-m
capi-a-s
capi-a-t
1
2
3
capi-a-mus
capi-a-tis
capi-a-nt
1
2
3
capi-a-r
capi-a-ris
capi-a-tur
1
2
3
capi-a-mur
capi-a-mini
capi-a-ntur
1
2
3
pati-a-r
pati-a-ris
pati-a-tur
1
2
3
pati-a-mur
pati-a-mini
pati-a-ntur
IMPERFECT
1
2
3
cap-ere-m
cap-ere-s
cap-ere-t
1
2
3
cap-ere-mus
cap-ere-tis
cap-ere-nt
1
2
3
cap-ere-r
cap-ere-ris
cap-ere-tur
1
2
3
cap-ere-mur
cap-ere-mini
cap-ere-ntur
1
2
3
pat-ere-r
pat-ere-ris
pat-ere-tur
1
2
3
pat-ere-mur
pat-ere-mini
pat-ere-ntur
PERFECT
1
2
3
cep-eri-m
cep-eri-s
cep-eri-t
1
2
3
cep-eri-mus
cep-eri-tis
cep-eri-nt
1
2
3
captus sim
captus sis
captus sit
1
2
3
capti simus
capti sitis
capti sint
1
2
3
passus sim
passus sis
passus sit
1
2
3
passi simus
passi sitis
passi sint
PLUPERFECT
1
2
3
cep-isse-m
cep-isse-s
cep-isse-t
1
2
3
cep-isse-mus
cep-isse-tis
cep-isse-nt
1
2
3
captus essem
captus esses
captus esset
1
2
3
capti essemus
capti essetis
captiessent
1
2
3
passus essem
passus esses
passus esset
1
2
3
passi essemus
passi essetis
passi essent
cape
capi-te
cape-re
capi-mini
pate-re
pati-mini
MIXED 3rd CONJUGATION
NON-FINITE FORMS
-io Stems
KEY:† Declines as a 1st & 2nd Declension Adj.
REGULAR VERBS
DEPONENT VERBS
e.g. Capere – To Take (etc.)
e.g. Patii – To Suffer (etc.)
‡ Declines as a 3rd Declension (-ns) Adj.
* Indeclinable
ACTIVE
TENSE
VOICE
INFINITIVES
SINGULAR
capi-mus
capi-tis
capi-u-nt
IMPERATIVE
PASSIVE
TENSE
ACTIVE (In Passive Format)
PRESENT
*
capere
*
capi
*
patii
PERFECT
*
capuisse
†
captus (m), -a (f), -um (n) esse
†
passus (m), -a (f), -um (n) esse
FUTURE
†
capturus (m), -a (f), -um (n) esse
*
captum iri
†
passurus (m), -a (f), -um (n) esse
PRESENT
‡
capiens (m, f & n), (-tis gen. sing.)
‡
patiens (m, f & n), (-tis gen. sing.)
(Active)
PERFECT
PARTICIPLES
PLURAL
1
2
3
(N.B. Irregular affixes)
TENSE
PLURAL
ACTIVE (In Passive Format)
capi-o
capi-s
capi-t
(N.B. No Infix except P3 &
Passive S2 & P3)
MOOD
PASSIVE
1
2
3
PRESENT
INDICATIVE
DEPONENT VERBS
e.g. Patior – I Suffer (etc.)
ACTIVE
NUMBER
SUBJUNCTIVE
REGULAR VERBS
e.g. Capio – I Take (etc.)
FUTURE
†
capturus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
†
captus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
†
passus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
(Passive)
†
capiendus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
†
passurus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
(Active)
†
patiendus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
(Passive)
(GERUNDIVE)
CASE
GERUNDS
(GERUNDIVE)
(DECLENSION)
GERUND
SUPINE
GERUND
SUPINE
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE
(present infinitive)
capiend-um
capiend-i
capiend-o
capiend-o
capt-um
capt-u
(present infinitive)
patiend-um
patiend-i
patiend-o
patiend-o
-
VERBAL CONJUGATION III (MIXED)
MIXED 3rd CONJUGATION – COMMON EXAMPLES
-io Stems
REGULAR VERBS
DEPONENT VERBS
(With the Perfect in -i & Supine in -tum or -sum)
ACTIVE (In Passive Format)
PRINCIPAL PARTS
PRINCIPAL PARTS
PRESENT
INFINITIVE
PERFECT
SUPINE
ENGLISH
PRESENT
INFINITIVE
PERFECT
SUPINE
ENGLISH
abicio
aecipio
adicio
afficio
antecapio
arefacio
assuefacio
aufugio
calefacio
capio
circumicio
concalefacio
concipio
conficio
confodio
confugio
conicio
consuefacio
decipio
defugio
diffugio
effodio
effugio
eicio
excipio
expergefacio
facio
fervefacio
fodio
fugio
iacio
inficio
infodio
inicio
interficio
interiecio
languefacio
liquefacio
madefacio
malefacio
mansufacio
obicio
occipio
officio
olfacio
percipio
perficio
perfugio
praecepio
praeficio
praefodio
proficio
profugio
proicio
putrefacio
rerefacio
recalfacio
recipio
reficio
refugio
reicio
rubefacio
satisfacio
stupefacio
subterfugio
sufficio
suffodio
superiacio
superinicio
suscipio
tepefacio
traicio
transfodio
transfugio
transigo
temefacio
tumefacio
usucapio
abicere
aecipere
adicere
afficere
antecapere
arefacere
assuefacere
aufugere
calefacere
capere
circumicere
concalefacere
concipere
conficere
confodere
confugere
conicere
consuefacere
decipere
defugere
diffugere
effodere
effugere
eicere
excipere
expergefacere
facere
fervefacere
fodere
fugere
iacere
inficere
infodere
inicere
interficere
interiecere
languefacere
liquefacere
madefacere
malefacere
mansufacere
obicere
occipere
officere
olfacere
percipere
perficere
perfugere
praecepere
praeficere
praefodere
proficere
profugere
proicere
putrefacere
rerefacere
recalfacere
recipere
reficere
refugere
reicere
rubefacere
satisfacere
stupefacere
subterfugere
sufficere
suffodere
superiacere
superinicere
suscipere
tepefacere
traicere
transfodere
transfugere
transigere
temefacere
tumefacere
usucapere
abieci
aecepi
adieci
affeci
antecepi
arefeci
assufeci
aufugi
calefeci
cepi
circumieci
concalefeci
concepi
confeci
confodi
confugi
conieci
consuefeci
decepi
defugi
diffugi
effodi
effugi
ejeci
excepi
expergefeci
feci
fervefeci
fodi
fugi
ieci
infeci
infodi
inieci
interfeci
interieci
languefeci
liquefeci
madefeci
malefeci
mansufeci
obieci
occepi
offeci
olfeci
percepi
perfeci
perfugi
praecepi
praefeci
praefodi
profeci
profugi
projeci
putrefeci
rerefeci
recalfeci
recepi
refeci
refugi
rejeci
rubefeci
satisfeci
stupefeci
subterfugi
suffeci
suffodi
superieci
superieci
suscepi
tepefeci
trajeci
transfodi
transfugi
transegi
timefeci
tumefeci
uscepi
abiectum
aeceptum
adiectum
affectum
anteceptum
arefactum
assufactum
calefactum
captum
circumiectum
concalefactum
conceptum
confectum
confossum
coniectum
consuefactum
deceptum
effossum
ejectum
exceptum
expergefactum
factum
fervefactum
fossum
iactum
infectum
infossum
iniectum
infectum
interiectum
languefactum
liquefactum
madefactum
malefactum
mansufactum
obiectum
occeptum
offectum
olfactum
perceptum
perfectum
praeceptum
praefectum
praefossum
profectum
projectum
putrefactum
rarefactum
recalfactum
receptum
refectum
rejectum
rubefactum
satisfactum
stupefactum
suffectum
suffossum
superiectum
superiectum
susceptum
tepefactum
trajectum
transfossum
transactum
timefactum
tumefactum
uscaptum
discard, debase
accept, receive
throw/add to
affect, influence
take before
dry, dry up
accustom
flee away/from
heat up, excite
take, seize, get
throw around 'x'
warm, heat up
conceive, devise
do, effect, finish
dig, pierce, stab
flee/be forced to
clash, guess
accustom
deceive, cheat
escape, avoid 'x'
scatter, disperse
dig/gouge out
escape attention
eject, expel, spit
except, remove
arouse, awaken
antegredior
circumgredior
commorior
congredior
degredior
digredior
egredior
gradior
immorior
ingredior
intermorior
morior
perpetior
praegredior
praemorior
praetergredior
progredior
regredior
supergradior
antegredi
circumgredi
conmori
congredi
degredi
digredi
egredi
gradi
immori
ingredi
intermori
mori
perpeti
progredi
praemori
praetergredi
progredi
regredi
supergredi
antegressus
circumgressus
conmortuus
congressus
degressus
digressus
egressus
gressus
immortuus
ingressus
intermortuus
mortuus
perpessus
progressus
praemortuus
praetergressus
progressus
regressus
supergressus
-
precede etc.
go behind
die together
meet, join with
descend, get off
leave, stray
go out
step, walk
die at 'x' (+ dat)
go into
perish, pass out
die
fully endure
advance
die beforehand
march/go past
go forwards
retreat, return
pass, exceed
PRESENT
INFINITIVE
PERFECT
SUPINE
ENGLISH
do, make, render
madefio
madefieri
madefactus
-
become wet
heat, boil
dig, dig up, stab
SEMI-DEPONENT VERBS
PASSIVE (In Mixed Format) N.B. Includes All Passive Compounds of Facio
PRINCIPAL PARTS – See Irregular Verbs for Full Conjugation of Fio
REGULAR VERBS – PECULIARITIES
flee, escape, avoid
throw, cast, hurl
dye, stain, infect
bury, inter
throw into, instil
kill, destroy
introduce, insert
make weak
melt, dissolve
make wet, soak
do evil/wrong
tame, civilize
throw before
begin
impede, check
smell (+ dat.)
take in, perceive
finish, complete
escape, refuge
anticipate etc.
put in charge
dig trench before
advance, develop
flee, escape
throw forth etc.
rot, decay
rarefy
reheat
retake, recover
remake, restore
flee, escape
reject, refuse
make red
satisfy
strike dumb, daze
evade detection
supply, provide
undermine
throw over
scatter over
support, adopt
warm up
throw, cast, shoot
dig/stab through
desert, betray
run through, end
make tremble
inflate, swell up
take by long use
PRINCIPAL PARTS
PRESENT
INFINITIVE
PERFECT
SUPINE
ENGLISH
With the Perfect in -ui or -vi *
abripio
arripio
corripio
cupio
deripio
desipio
elicio
eripio
praeripio
proripio
rapio
sapio
surripio
abripere
arripere
corripere
cupere
deripere
desipere
elicere
eripere
praeripere
proripere
rapere
sapere
surripere
aspicio
adlicio
allicio
circumsaepio
concutio
conspicio
cutio
decutio
discutio
dispicio
excutio
illicio
incutio
inspicio
introspicio
meio
ningit #
pellicio
percutio
perspicio
prolicio
prospicio
quatio
recutio
repercutio
respicio
succutio
suspicio
aspicere
adlicere
allicere
circumsaepere
concutere
conspicere
cutere
decutere
discutere
dispicere
excutere
illicere
incutere
inspicere
introspicere
mere
ningere
pellicere
percutere
perspicere
prolicere
prospicere
quatere
recutere
repercutere
respicere
succutere
suspicere
abripui
arripui
corripui
cupivi/cupii *
deripui
desipivi/desipii *
elicui
eripui
praeripui
proripui
ripui
sapivi/sapii *
surripui
abreptum
arreptum
correptum
cupitum
dereptum
ereptum
praereptum
proreptum
reptum
surreptum
abduct, kidnap
arrest, take away
snatch, rebuke
desire, covet
rip off, remove
loose one's mind
entice, coax out
snatch, rescue
seize first/before
drag, snatch
snatch, rip away
be wise, taste
steal by stealth
With the Perfect in -si or -xi
aspexi
adlexi
allixi
circumsaepsi
concussi
conspexi
cussi
decussi
discussi
dispexi
excussi
illexi
incussi
inspexi
introspexi
mi(n)xi
ninxit #
pellexi
percussi
perspexi
prolixi
prospexi
quassi
recussi
repercussi
respexi
succussi
suspexi
aspectum
adlectum
allectum
circumsaeptum
concussum
conspectum
cussum
decussum
discussum
dispectum
excussum
illectum
incussum
inspectum
introspectum
mi(n)ctum
pellectum
percussum
perspectum
prolectum
prospectum
quassum
recussum
repercussum
respectum
succussum
suspectum
behold, consider
entice, coax
allure, coax
enclose, fence off
shake violently
glimpse, observe
shake
shake down/off
shatter, rattle
look for, consider
shake out, search
allure, entice
strike on/against
look into/at
examine, inspect
urinate
[imp.] it snows
attract, charm
strike, shock, kill
peer through
lure/lead on
see ahead, foresee
strike, shatter
strike to vibrate
rebound, reflect
look back, notice
shake from below
look up to, esteem
VERBAL CONJUGATION IV
4th CONJUGATION
FINITE FORMS
-i Stems
KEY:SINGULAR
PLURAL
1 I
1 We
2 You (Singular)
2 You (Plural)
3 He, She or It
3 They
N.B. Finite Conjugation = Verbal Stem + (Mood/Tense) Infix + (Personal Agreement) Suffix
VOICE
SINGULAR
TENSE
SINGULAR
PLURAL
1
2
3
audi-o-r
audi-ris
audi-tur
1
2
3
audi-mur
audi-mini
audi-u-ntur
1
2
3
experi-o-r
experi-ris
experi-tur
1
2
3
experi-mur
experi-mini
experi-u-ntur
FUTURE
1
2
3
audi-a-m
audi-e-s
audi-e-t
1
2
3
audi-e-mus
audi-e-tis
audi-e-nt
1
2
3
audi-a-r
audi-e-ris
audi-e-tur
1
2
3
audi-e-mur
audi-e-mini
audi-e-ntur
1
2
3
experi-a-r
experi-e-ris
experi-e-tur
1
2
3
experi-e-mur
experi-e-mini
experi-e-ntur
IMPERFECT
1
2
3
audi-eba-m
audi-eba-s
audi-eba-t
1
2
3
audi-eba-mus
audi-eba-tis
audi-eba-nt
1
2
3
audi-eba-r
audi-eba-ris
audi-eba-tur
1
2
3
audi-eba-mur
audi-eba-mini
audi-eba-ntur
1
2
3
experi-eba-r
experi-eba-ris
experi-eba-tur
1
2
3
experi-eba-mur
experi-eba-mini
experi-eba-ntur
PERFECT
1
2
3
audi-vi *
audi-visti *
audi-vi-t
1
2
3
audi-vi-mus
audi-vis-tis
audi-veru-nt
1
2
3
auditus sum
auditus es
auditus est
1
2
3
auditi sumus
auditi estis
auditi sunt
1
2
3
expertus sum
expertus es
expertus est
1
2
3
experti sumus
experti estis
experti sunt
FUTURE PERFECT
1
2
3
audi-ver-o
audi-veri-s
audi-veri-t
1
2
3
audi-veri-mus
audi-veri-tis
audi-veri-nt
1
2
3
auditus ero
auditus eris
auditus erit
1
2
3
auditi erimus
auditi eritis
auditi erunt
1
2
3
expertus ero
expertus eris
expertus erit
1
2
3
experti erimus
experti eritis
experti erunt
PLUPERFECT
1
2
3
audi-vera-m
audi-vera-s
audi-vera-t
1
2
3
audi-vera-mus
audi-vera-tis
audi-vera-nt
1
2
3
auditus eram
auditus eras
auditus erat
1
2
3
auditi eramus
auditi eratis
auditi erant
1
2
3
expertus eram
expertus eras
expertus erat
1
2
3
experti eramus
experti eratis
experti erant
PRESENT
1
2
3
audi-a-m
audi-a-s
audi-a-t
1
2
3
audi-a-mus
audi-a-tis
audi-a-nt
1
2
3
audi-a-r
audi-a-ris
audi-a-tur
1
2
3
audi-a-mur
audi-a-mini
audi-a-ntur
1
2
3
experi-a-r
experi-a-ris
experi-a-tur
1
2
3
experi-a-mur
experi-a-mini
experi-a-ntur
IMPERFECT
1
2
3
audi-re-m
audi-re-s
audi-re-t
1
2
3
audi-re-mus
audi-re-tis
audi-re-nt
1
2
3
audi-re-r
audi-re-ris
audi-re-tur
1
2
3
audi-re-mur
audi-re-mini
audi-re-ntur
1
2
3
experi-re-r
experi-re-ris
experi-re-tur
1
2
3
experi-re-mur
experi-re-mini
experi-re-ntur
PERFECT
1
2
3
audi-veri-m
audi-veri-s
audi-veri-t
1
2
3
audi-veri-mus
audi-veri-tis
audi-veri-nt
1
2
3
auditus sim
auditus sis
auditus sit
1
2
3
auditi simus
auditi sitis
auditi sint
1
2
3
expertus sim
expertus sis
expertus sit
1
2
3
experti simus
experti sitis
experti sint
PLUPERFECT
1
2
3
audi-visse-m
audi-visse-s
audi-visse-t
1
2
3
audi-visse-mus
audi-visse-tis
audi-visse-nt
1
2
3
auditus essem
auditus esses
auditus esset
1
2
3
auditi essemus
auditi essetis
auditi essent
1
2
3
expertus essem
expertus esses
expertus esset
1
2
3
experti essemus
experti essetis
experti essent
audi
audi-te
audi-re
audi-mini
experi-re
experi-mini
4th CONJUGATION
NON-FINITE FORMS
-i Stems
KEY:† Declines as a 1st & 2nd Declension Adj.
REGULAR VERBS
DEPONENT VERBS
e.g. Audire – To Hear (etc.)
e.g. Experiri – To Try (etc.)
‡ Declines as a 3rd Declension (-ns) Adj.
* Indeclinable
ACTIVE
TENSE
VOICE
INFINITIVE
SINGULAR
audi-mus
audi-tis
audi-u-nt
IMPERATIVE
PASSIVE
TENSE
ACTIVE (In Passive Format)
PRESENT
*
audire
*
audiri
*
experiri
PERFECT
*
audivisse
†
auditus (m), -a (f), -um (n) esse
†
expertus (m), -a (f), -um (n) esse
FUTURE
†
auditurus (m), -a (f), -um (n) esse
*
auditum iri
†
experturus (m), -a (f), -um (n) esse
PRESENT
‡
audiens (m, f & n), (-tis gen. sing.)
‡
experiens (m, f & n), (-tis gen. sing.)
(Active)
PERFECT
PARTICIPLES
PLURAL
1
2
3
(N.B. Irregular affixes)
TENSE
PLURAL
ACTIVE (In Passive Format)
audi-o
audi-s
audi-t
(N.B. No Infix Except P3
(Active & Passive))
MOOD
PASSIVE
1
2
3
PRESENT
INDICATIVE
DEPONENT VERBS
e.g. Experior – I Try (etc.)
ACTIVE
NUMBER
SUBJUNCTIVE
REGULAR VERBS
e.g. Audio – I Hear (etc.)
FUTURE
†
auditurus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
†
auditus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
†
expertus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
(Passive)
†
audiendus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
†
experturus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
(Active)
†
experiendus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
(Passive)
(GERUNDIVE)
CASE
GERUNDS
(GERUNDIVE)
(DECLENSION)
GERUND
SUPINE
GERUND
SUPINE
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE
(present infinitive)
audiend-um
audiend-i
audiend-o
audiend-o
audit-um
audit-u
(present infinitive)
experiend-um
experiend-i
experiend-o
experiend-o
-
VERBAL CONJUGATION IV
4th CONJUGATION – COMMON EXAMPLES
-i Stems
REGULAR VERBS
DEPONENT VERBS
(With the Perfect in -ui or -vi & Supine in -tum or -sum)
ACTIVE (In Passive Format)
PRINCIPAL PARTS
PRINCIPAL PARTS
PRESENT
INFINITIVE
PERFECT
SUPINE
ENGLISH
PRESENT
INFINITIVE
PERFECT
SUPINE
ENGLISH
abligurrio
absilio
accio
adaperio
adservio
adsolio
ambio
amicio
aperio
ascio
assilio
blatio
circumlinio
circummunio
circumretio
circumsilio
condormio
cooperio
custodio
definio
deservio
desilio
dissilio
dormio
effutio
erudio
esurio
exaudio
expedio
expedit #
fastidio
ferio
finio
fritinnio
gannio
garrio
gestio
hinnio
immugio
immunio
impedio
impertio
insanio
insignio
irretio
lascivio
lenio
mollio
mugio
munio
muttio
nescio
nutrio
obdormio
oboedio
ogganio
operio
partio
parturio
percio
polio
praepedio
praesagio
prosilio
punio
redimio
resilio
saevio
salio
scio
sepelio
servio
sitio
sopio
stabilio
suffio
superbio
vestio
abligurrire
absilire
accire
adaperire
adservire
adsilire
ambire
amicire
aperire
ascire
assilire
blatire
circumlinire
circummunire
circumretire
circumsilire
condormire
cooperire
custodire
definire
deservire
desilire
dissilire
dormire
effutire
erudire
esurire
exaudire
expedire
as above
fastidire
ferire
finire
fritinnire
gannire
garrire
gestire
hinnire
immugire
immunire
impedire
impertire
insanire
insignire
irretire
lascivire
lenire
mollire
mugire
munire
muttire
nescire
nutrire
obdormire
oboedire
ogganire
operire
partire
parturire
percire
polire
praepedire
praesagire
prosilire
punire
redimire
resilire
saevire
salire
scire
sepelire
servire
sitire
sopire
stabilire
suffire
superbire
vestire
abligurrivi
absilui
accivi
adaperui
adservivi
adsilui
ambivi
amicui
aperui
ascivi
assilui
blativi
circumlinui
circummunui
circumretui
circumsilui
condormivi
cooperui
custodivi
definivi
deservivi
desilui
dissilui
dormivi
effutivi
erudivi
esurivi
exaudivi
expedivi
expedivit #
fastidivi
ferivi
finivi
fritinnivi
gannivi
garrivi
gestivi
hinnivi
immugivi
immunivi
impedivi
impertivi
insanivi
insignivi
irretivi
lascivivi
lenivi
mollivi
mugivi
munivi
muttivi
nescivi
nutrivi
obdormivi
oboedivi
ogganivi
operui
partivi
parturivi
percivi
polivi
praepedivi
praesagivi
prosilui
punivi
redumvi
resilui
saevivi
salii / salui
scivi
sepelivi
servivi
sitivi
sopivi
stabilivi
suffivi
superbivi
vestivi
abligurritum
absultum
accitum
adapertum
adservitum
adsultum
ambitum
amictum
apertum
ascitum
assultum
blatitum
circumlinitum
circummunitum
circumretitum
circumsultum
condormitum
coopertum
custoditum
definitum
deservitum
desultum
dissultum
dormitum
effutitum
eruditum
esuritum
exauditum
expeditum
spend, waste
spring away
summon
throw open
assist
leap at/on to
surround, solicit
clothe, cover
open
take to, admit
leap at/on to
babble
smear, anoint
fortify, wall
trap in a net
leap around
sleep soundly
cover, overwhelm
watch, guard
define, limit
devote to, serve
get off, alight
burst apart
sleep
blurt out
educate, teach
be hungry for
hear out, heed
free up, ready
it is profitable
disdain, scorn
strike down
finish, limit
chirp, twitter
whimper, snarl
chatter, jabber
exult, desire
neigh, whinny
bellow
strengthen
impede, hinder
impart, share
be mad, insane
mark, distinguish
entangle, net
sport, run amok
soothe, mitigate
soften, ease
bellow, moo
fortify, defend
mutter, murmur
not know of
nourish, raise
fall asleep
obey, (+ dat.)
growl, snarl
cover, conceal
share, divide
be in labour
excite, start up
polish, shine
shackle, fetter
foresee, portend
spring forth
punish, avenge
surround, deck
rebound
be fierce/furious
dance
know, know of
submerge, bury
serve (+ dat.)
be thirsty, desire
drowse, concuss
make stable, fix
fumigate
show pride in
clothe, dress
aborior
admetior
admolior
adorior
amolior
blandior
demetior
demolior
dilargior
commetior
commolior
coorior
eblandior
ementior
exordior
experior
largior
mentior
metior
molior
obmolior
oborior
opperior
ordior
orior
partior
permetior
potior
praemolior
remetior
remolior
sortior
subblandior
aboriri
admetiri
admoliri
adoriri
amoliri
blandiri
demetiri
demoliri
delargiri
commetiri
commoliri
cooriri
eblandiri
ementiri
exordiri
experiri
largiri
mentiri
metiri
moliri
obmoliri
oboriri
opperiri
ordiri
oriri
partiri
permetiri
potiri
praemoliri
remetiri
remoliri
sortiri
subblandiri
abortus
admensus *
admolitus
adortus
amolitus
blanditus
demensus *
demolitus
delargitus
commetitus
commolitus
coortus *
eblanditus
ementitus
exorsus
expertus
largitus
mentitus
mensus *
molitus
obmilitus
obortus
opper(i)tus
orsus
ortus
partitus
permensus *
potitus
praemolitus
remetitus
remolitus
sortitus
subblanditus
-
disappear, die
measure out
make an effort
accost, attack
abort, remove
coax, flatter
measure out
demolish
give out freely
measure
set in motion
arise, go forth
get via flattery
pretend, feign
begin from
try
be generous
lie, deceive
measure, travel
expeditum (# est.)
fastiditum
feritum
finitum
fritinnitum
gannitum
garritum
gestitum
hinnitum
immugitum
immunitum
impeditum
impertitum
insanitum
insignitum
irretitum
lascivitum
lenitum
mollitum
mugitum
munitum
muttitum
nescitum
nutritum
obdormitum
oboeditum
ogganitum
opertum
partitum
parturitum
percitum
politum
praepeditum
praesagitum
prosilitum
punitum
redimitum
raesilitum
saevitum
saltum
scitum
sepultum *
servitum
sititum
sopitum
stabilitum
suffitum
superbitum
vestitum
plan, build, work
block, obstruct
arise, appear
wait for, await
begin
arise
share, divide
measure exactly
acquire, have
plan completely
remeasure
rethink, rebuild
draw lot, choose
fondle, caress
REGULAR VERBS – PECULIARITIES
PRINCIPAL PARTS
PRESENT
INFINITIVE
PERFECT
SUPINE
ENGLISH
adventum
anventum
circumventum
conventum
compertum
eventum
disconventum
inventum
obventum
perventum
praeventum
repertum
reventum
subventum
superventum
ventum
come to, foresee
anticipate
surround
come together
find out, learn
happen
differ, conflict
invent, discover
come to, happen
reach, arrive
anticipate
discover, invent
return, revisit
help, aid (+ dat.)
watch “x” doing
come
With the Perfect in -i
advenio
antevenio
circumvenio
convenio
comperio
evenio
disconvenio
invenio
obvenio
pervenio
praevenio
reperio
revenio
subvenio
supervenio
venio
advenire
anvenire
circumvenire
cpnvenire
comperire
evenire
disconvenire
invenire
obvenire
pervenire
praevenire
reperire
revenire
subvenire
supervenire
venire
adsentio
confercio
consaepio
consentio
devincio
dissentio
evincio
exhaurio
fulcio
haurio
intersaepio
praesaepio
refercio
saepio
sancio
sarcio
sentio
vincio
adsentire
confercire
consaepire
consentire
devincire
dissentire
evincire
exhaurire
fulcire
haurire
intersaepire
praesaepire
refercire
saepire
sancire
sarcire
sentire
vincire
adveni
anveni
circumveni
conveni
comperi
eveni
disconveni
inveni
obveni
perveni
praeveni
repperi
reveni
subveni
superveni
veni
With the Perfect in -si or -xi
adsensi
confersi
consaepsi
consensi
devinxi
dissensi
evinxi
exhausi
fulsi
hausi
intersaepsi
praesaepsi
refersi
saepsi
sanxi
sarsi
sensi
vinxi
adsensum
confertum
consaeptum
consensum
devinctum
dissensum
evinctum
exhaustum
fultum
haustum *
intersaeptum
praesaeptum
refertum
saeptum
sanctum
sartum
sensum
vinctum
KEY:- # Impersonal Verbs, Only Available in the 3rd Person
agree, approve
stuff together
fence, enclose
agree, consent
tie up, oblige
disagree, differ
bind, wreath
drain empty
prop, support
drink in, drain
separate, block
fence before
stuff/cram full
enclose, fence in
sanction, ratify
patch, restore
feel, sense
bind, tie up
IRREGULAR VERBAL CONJUGATIONS
THE MAJOR IRREGULAR VERBS
FINITE FORMS
To be Learned as Follows
KEY:SINGULAR
PLURAL
1 I
1 We
2 You (Singular)
2 You (Plural)
3 He, She or It
3 They
Sum – I Am (etc.)
VOICE
ACTIVE
TENSE
SINGULAR
TENSE
MOOD
INDICATIVE
NUMBER
SUBJUNCTIVE
Possum – I Am Able (etc.)
Eo – I Go (etc.)
(A Prefixed Compound of Sum)
ACTIVE
PLURAL
SINGULAR
ACTIVE
PLURAL
SINGULAR
PLURAL
PRESENT
1
2
3
su-m
e-s
es-t
1
2
3
su-mus
es-tis
su-nt
1
2
3
pos-su-m
pot-e-s
pot-es-t
1
2
3
pos-su-mus
pot-es-tis
poss-u-nt
1
2
3
e-o
i-s
i-t
1
2
3
i-mus
i-tis
e-unt
FUTURE
1
2
3
e-r-o
e-ri-s
e-ri-t
1
2
3
e-ri-mus
e-ri-tis
e-ru-nt
1
2
3
pot-er-o
pot-eri-s
pot-eri-t
1
2
3
pot-eri-mus
pot-eri-tis
pot-eru-nt
1
2
3
i-b-o
i-bi-s
i-bi-t
1
2
3
i-bi-mus
i-bi-tis
i-bu-nt
IMPERFECT
1
2
3
er-a-m
er-a-s
er-a-t
1
2
3
e-ra-mus
e-ra-tis
e-ra-nt
1
2
3
pot-er-a-m
pot-er-a-s
pot-er-a-t
1
2
3
pot-era-mus
pot-era-tis
pot-era-nt
1
2
3
i-ba-m
i-ba-s
i-ba-t
1
2
3
i-ba-mus
i-ba-tis
i-ba-nt
PERFECT
1
2
3
f-ui *
f-uisti *
f-ui-t
1
2
3
f-ui-mus
f-uis-tis
f-ueru-nt
1
2
3
pot-ui *
pot-uisti *
pot-ui-t
1
2
3
pot-ui-mus
pot-uis-tis
pot-ueru-nt
1
2
3
i-i/-ui *
i-sti/-uisti *
i-i-t/-ui-t
1
2
3
i-i-mus/-ui-mus
i-is-tis/-uis-tis
i-eru-nt/-uer-unt
FUTURE PERFECT
1
2
3
f-uer-o
f-ueri-s
f-ueri-t
1
2
3
f-ueri-mus
f-ueri-tis
f-ueri-nt
1
2
3
pot-uer-o
pot-ueri-s
pot-ueri-t
1
2
3
pot-ueri-mus
pot-ueri-tis
pot-ueri-nt
1
2
3
i-er-o
i-eri-s
i-eri-t
1
2
3
i-eri-mus
i-eri-tis
i-eri-nt
PLUPERFECT
1
2
3
f-uera-m
f-uera-s
f-uera-t
1
2
3
f-uera-mus
f-uera-tis
f-uera-nt
1
2
3
pot-uera-m
pot-uera-s
pot-uera-t
1
2
3
pot-uera-mus
pot-uera-tis
pot-uera-nt
1
2
3
i-era-m
i-era-s
i-era-t
1
2
3
i-era-mus
i-era-tis
i-era-nt
PRESENT
1
2
3
si-m
si-s
si-t
1
2
3
si-mus
si-tis
si-nt
1
2
3
pos-si-m
pos-si-s
pos-si-t
1
2
3
pos-si-mus
pos-si-tis
pos-si-nt
1
2
3
e-a-m
e-a-s
e-a-t
1
2
3
e-a-mus
e-a-tis
e-a-nt
IMPERFECT
1
2
3
esse-m
esse-s
esse-t
1
2
3
esse-mus
esse-tis
esse-nt
1
2
3
pos-se-m
pos-se-s
pos-se-t
1
2
3
pos-se-mus
pos-se-tis
pos-se-nt
1
2
3
i-re-m
i-re-s
i-re-t
1
2
3
i-re-mus
i-re-tis
i-re-nt
PERFECT
1
2
3
f-ueri-m
f-ueri-s
f-ueri-t
1
2
3
f-ueri-mus
f-ueri-tis
f-ueri-nt
1
2
3
pot-ueri-m
pot-ueri-s
pot-ueri-t
1
2
3
pot-ueri-mus
pot-ueri-tis
pot-ueri-nt
1
2
3
i-eri-m/-ueri-m
i-eri-s/-ueri-s
i-eri-t/-ueri-t
1
2
3
i-eri-mus/-etc.
i-eri-tis/-ueri-tis
i-eri-nt/-ueri-nt
PLUPERFECT
1
2
3
f-uisse-m
f-uisse-s
f-uisse-t
1
2
3
f-uisse-mus
f-uisse-tis
f-uisse-nt
1
2
3
pot-uisse-m
pot-uisse-s
pot-uisse-t
1
2
3
pot-uisse-mus
pot-uisse-tis
pot-uisse-nt
1
2
3
i-sse-m/-uisse-m
i-sse-s/-uisse-m
i-sse-t/-uisse-m
1
2
3
i-sse-mus/-etc.
i-sse-tis/uisse-tis
i-sse-nt/-uisse-nt
es/esto
IMPERATIVE
es-te
i
i-te
THE MAJOR IRREGULAR VERBS
NON-FINITE FORMS
To be Learned as Follows
KEY:† Declines as a 1st & 2nd Declension Adj.
‡ Declines as a 3rd Declension (-ns) Adj.
Esse – To Be (etc.)
* Indeclinable
TENSE
ACTIVE
Ire – To Go (etc.)
ACTIVE
ACTIVE
PRESENT
*
esse
*
posse
*
ire
PERFECT
*
fuisse
*
potuisse
*
isse
FUTURE
†
futurus (m), -a (f), -um (n) esse
†
iturus (m), -a (f), -um (n) esse
PRESENT
‡
ens (m, f & n), (-tis gen. sing.)
‡
iens (m, f & n), (-tis gen. sing.)
(Active)
PERFECT
TENSE
PARTICIPLES
INFINITIVES
VOICE
Posse – To Be Able (etc.)
FUTURE
†
‡
potens (m, f & n), (-tis gen. sing.)
-
-
futurus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
-
†
iturus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
(Active)
†
eundum (m), -a (f), -um (n)
(Passive)
CASE
GERUNDS
(GERUNDIVE)
(DECLENSION)
GERUND
SUPINE
GERUND
SUPINE
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE
-
-
(present infinitive)
eund-um
eund-i
eund-o
eund-o
rat-um
rat-u
IRREGULAR VERBS (COMPOUNDS)
COMPOUNDED IRREGULARS
The Prefixed Preposition Compounds of Sum – I Am
COMPOUND IRREGULAR VERBS
PRINCIPAL PARTS
PRESENT
INFINITIVE
PERFECT
SUPINE
ENGLISH
absum
adsum
desum
intersum
obsum
possum
praesum
prosum
supersum
abesse
adesse
desse
interse
obesse
posse
praesse
prodesse
superse
abfui
adfui
defui
interfui
obfui / offui
potui
praefui
protui
superfui
-
be absent / distant / away
be present / near / arrive
be unable / lack / fail
be among
be against / trouble / hinder
be able
be in command of
be of assistance / benefit / help
be left over / survive / surplus
COMPOUNDED IRREGULARS
The Prefixed Preposition Compounds of Eo – I Go
COMPOUND IRREGULAR VERBS
PRINCIPAL PARTS
PRESENT
INFINITIVE
PERFECT
SUPINE
ENGLISH
abeo
adeo
anteo/anteeo
coeo
exeo
ineo
intereo
obeo
pereo
praeeo
prodeo
redeo
subeo
transeo
abire
adire
antire
coire
exire
inire
interire
obire
perire
praeire
prodire
redire
subire
transire
abii / abivi
adii / adivi
antii / anteivi
coii / coivi
exii
inii / inivi
interii
obii / obivi
perii / perivi
praeii
prodivi
redii
subii / subivi
transii / transivi
abitum
aditum
coitum
exitum
initum
interitum
obitum
peritum
praeitum
proditum
reditum
subitum
transitum
go away, depart, vanish
go to, approach, address, visit
go before, surpass, anticipate
go/come together, clash, unite
go out, exit, escape, perish, die
go into, enter into/upon, commence
perish, die, cease, be ruined
meet with, visit, review, enclose
perish, vanish, disappear
go before, precede, dictate
go/come forward, project, advance
go/come back, return
go/pass underneath, undergo
go/pass over/across/through
IRREGULAR VERBAL CONJUGATIONS
COMMON IRREGULAR VERBS
FINITE FORMS
To be Learned as Follows
KEY:SINGULAR
PLURAL
1 I
1 We
2 You (Singular)
2 You (Plural)
3 He, She or It
3 They
Volo – I Wish (etc.)
Nolo – I Don't Wish (etc.)
Malo – I Prefer (etc.)
ACTIVE
ACTIVE
ACTIVE
VOICE
TENSE
SINGULAR
TENSE
SUBJUNCTIVE
MOOD
INDICATIVE
NUMBER
PLURAL
SINGULAR
PLURAL
SINGULAR
PLURAL
PRESENT
1
2
3
vol-o
vi-s
vul-t
1
2
3
vol-u-mus
vul-tis
vol-u-nt
1
2
3
nol-o
non vi-s
non vul-t
1
2
3
nol-u-mus
non vultis
nol-unt
1
2
3
mal-o
ma-vi-s
ma-vul-t
1
2
3
mal-u-mus
ma-vul-tis
mal-u-nt
FUTURE
1
2
3
vol-a-m
vol-e-s
vol-e-t
1
2
3
vol-e-mus
vol-e-tis
vol-e-nt
1
2
3
nol-a-m
nol-e-s
nol-e-t
1
2
3
nol-e-mus
nol-e-tis
nol-e-nt
1
2
3
mal-a-m
mal-e-s
mal-e-t
1
2
3
mal-e-mus
mal-e-tis
mal-e-nt
IMPERFECT
1
2
3
vol-eba-m
vol-eba-s
vol-eba-t
1
2
3
vol-eba-mus
vol-eba-tis
vol-eba-nt
1
2
3
nol-eba-m
nol-eba-s
nol-eba-t
1
2
3
nol-eba-mus
nol-eba-tis
nol-eba-nt
1
2
3
mal-eba-m
mal-eba-s
mal-eba-t
1
2
3
mal-eba-mus
mal-eba-tis
mal-eba-nt
PERFECT
1
2
3
vol-ui *
vol-uisti *
vol-ui-t
1
2
3
vol-ui-mus
vol-uis-tis
vol-ueru-nt
1
2
3
nol-ui *
nol-uisti *
nol-ui-t
1
2
3
nol-ui-mus
nol-uis-tis
nol-ueru-nt
1
2
3
mal-ui *
mal-uisti *
mal-ui-t
1
2
3
mal-ui-mus
mal-uis-tis
mal-ueru-nt
FUTURE PERFECT
1
2
3
vol-uer-o
vol-ueri-s
vol-ueri-t
1
2
3
vol-ueri-mus
vol-ueri-tis
vol-ueri-nt
1
2
3
nol-uer-o
nol-ueri-s
nol-ueri-t
1
2
3
nol-ueri-mus
nol-ueri-tis
nol-ueri-nt
1
2
3
mal-uer-o
mal-ueri-s
mal-ueri-t
1
2
3
mal-ueri-mus
mal-ueri-tis
mal-ueri-nt
PLUPERFECT
1
2
3
vol-uera-m
vol-uera-s
vol-uera-t
1
2
3
vol-uera-mus
vol-uera-tis
vol-uera-nt
1
2
3
nol-uera-m
nol-uera-s
nol-uera-t
1
2
3
nol-uera-mus
nol-uerat-is
nol-uera-nt
1
2
3
mal-uera-m
mal-uera-s
mal-uera-t
1
2
3
mal-uera-mus
mal-uera-tis
mal-uera-nt
PRESENT
1
2
3
vel-i-m
vel-i-s
vel-i-t
1
2
3
vel-i-mus
vel-i-tis
vel-i-nt
1
2
3
nol-i-m
nol-i-s
nol-i-t
1
2
3
nol-i-mus
nol-i-tis
nol-i-nt
1
2
3
mal-i-m
mal-i-s
mal-i-t
1
2
3
mal-i-mus
mal-i-tis
mal-i-nt
IMPERFECT
1
2
3
vell-e-m
vell-e-s
vell-e-t
1
2
3
vell-e-mus
vell-e-tis
vell-e-nt
1
2
3
noll-e-m
noll-e-s
noll-e-t
1
2
3
noll-e-mus
noll-e-tis
noll-e-nt
1
2
3
mall-e-m
mall-e-s
mall-e-t
1
2
3
mall-e-mus
mall-e-tis
mall-e-nt
PERFECT
1
2
3
vol-ueri-m
vol-ueri-s
vol-ueri-t
1
2
3
vol-ueri-mus
vol-ueri-tis
vol-ueri-nt
1
2
3
nol-ueri-m
nol-ueri-s
nol-ueri-t
1
2
3
nol-ueri-mus
nol-ueri-tis
nol-ueri-nt
1
2
3
mal-ueri-m
mal-ueri-s
mal-ueri-t
1
2
3
mal-ueri-mus
mal-ueri-tis
mal-ueri-nt
PLUPERFECT
1
2
3
vol-uisse-m
vol-uisse-s
vol-uisse-t
1
2
3
vol-uisse-mus
vol-uisse-tis
vol-uisse-nt
1
2
3
nol-uisse-m
nol-uisse-s
nol-uisse-t
1
2
3
nol-uisse-mus
nol-uisse-tis
nol-uisse-nt
1
2
3
mal-uisse-m
mal-uisse-s
mal-uisse-t
1
2
3
mal-uisse-mus
mal-uisse-tis
mal-uisse-nt
noli
IMPERATIVE
noli-te
COMMON IRREGULAR VERBS
NON-FINITE FORMS
To be Learned as Follows
KEY:† Declines as a 1st & 2nd Declension Adj.
‡ Declines as a 3rd Declension (-ns) Adj.
Velle – To Wish (etc.)
* Indeclinable
ACTIVE
TENSE
INFINITIVE
VOICE
ACTIVE
ACTIVE
*
velle
*
nolle
*
malle
PERFECT
*
voluisse
*
noluisse
*
maluisse
‡
volens (m, f & n), (-tis gen. sing.)
‡
nolens (m, f & n), (-tis gen. sing.)
‡
iens (m, f & n), (-tis gen. sing.)
(Active)
FUTURE
TENSE
PERFECT
CASE
PARTICIPLES
Malle – To Prefer (etc.)
PRESENT
PRESENT
GERUNDS
Nolle – To not Wish (etc.)
FUTURE
(DECLENSION)
GERUND
SUPINE
GERUND
SUPINE
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE
-
-
-
-
IRREGULAR VERBAL CONJUGATIONS
COMMON IRREGULAR VERBS
FINITE FORMS
To be Learned as Follows
KEY:SINGULAR
PLURAL
1 I
1 We
2 You (Singular)
2 You (Plural)
3 He, She or It
3 They
VOICE
TENSE
SINGULAR
TENSE
MOOD
INDICATIVE
SEMI-DEPONENT VERBS
Fero – I Carry (etc.)
Fio – I Am Made/Become (etc.)
ACTIVE
NUMBER
SUBJUNCTIVE
IRREGULAR VERBS
PASSIVE
PLURAL
PASSIVE (In Mixed Format)
SINGULAR
PLURAL
SINGULAR
PLURAL
PRESENT
1
2
3
fer-o
fer-s
fer-t
1
2
3
fer-i-mus
fer-tis
fer-u-nt
1
2
3
fer-o-r
fer-ris
fer-tur
1
2
3
fer-i-mur
fer-i-mini
fer-u-ntur
1
2
3
fi-o
fi-s
fi-t
1
2
3
fi-mus
fi-tis
fi-u-nt
FUTURE
1
2
3
fer-a-m
fer-e-s
fer-e-t
1
2
3
fer-e-mus
fer-e-tis
fer-e-nt
1
2
3
fer-a-r
fer-e-ris
fer-e-tur
1
2
3
fer-e-mur
fer-e-mini
fer-e-ntur
1
2
3
fi-a-m
fi-e-s
fi-e-t
1
2
3
fi-e-mus
fi-e-tis
fi-e-nt
IMPERFECT
1
2
3
fer-eba-m
fer-eba-s
fer-eba-t
1
2
3
fer-eba-mus
fer-eba-tis
fer-eba-nt
1
2
3
fer-eba-r
fer-eba-ris
fer-eba-tur
1
2
3
fer-eba-mur
fer-eba-mini
fer-eba-ntur
1
2
3
fi-eba-m
fi-eba-s
fi-eba-t
1
2
3
fi-eba-mus
fi-eba-tis
fi-eba-nt
PERFECT
1
2
3
tul-i *
tul-isti *
tul-i-t
1
2
3
tul-i-mus
tul-i-stis
tul-eru-nt
1
2
3
latus sum
latus es
latus est
1
2
3
lati sumus
lati estis
lati sunt
1
2
3
factus sum
factus es
factus est
1
2
3
facti sumus
facti estis
facti sunt
FUTURE PERFECT
1
2
3
tul-er-o
tul-eri-s
tul-eri-t
1
2
3
tul-eri-mus
tul-eri-tis
tul-eri-nt
1
2
3
latus ero
latus eris
latus erit
1
2
3
lati erimus
lati eritis
lati erunt
1
2
3
factus ero
factus eris
factus erit
1
2
3
facti erimus
facti eritis
facti erunt
PLUPERFECT
1
2
3
tul-era-m
tul-era-s
tul-era-t
1
2
3
tul-era-mus
tul-era-tis
tul-era-nt
1
2
3
latus eram
latus eras
latus erat
1
2
3
lati eramus
lati eratis
lati erant
1
2
3
factus eram
factus eras
factus erat
1
2
3
facti eramus
facti eratis
facti erant
PRESENT
1
2
3
fer-a-m
fer-a-s
fer-a-t
1
2
3
fer-a-mus
fer-a-tis
fer-a-nt
1
2
3
fer-a-r
fer-a-ris
fer-a-tur
1
2
3
fer-a-mur
fer-a-mini
fer-a-ntur
1
2
3
fi-a-m
fi-a-s
fi-a-t
1
2
3
fi-a-mus
fi-a-tis
fi-a-nt
IMPERFECT
1
2
3
fer-re-m
fer-re-s
fer-re-t
1
2
3
fer-re-mus
fer-re-tis
fer-re-nt
1
2
3
fer-re-r
fer-re-ris
fer-re-tur
1
2
3
fer-re-mur
fer-re-mini
fer-re-ntur
1
2
3
fi-ere-m
fi-ere-s
fi-ere-t
1
2
3
fi-ere-mus
fi-ere-tis
fi-ere-nt
PERFECT
1
2
3
tul-eri-m
tul-eri-s
tul-eri-t
1
2
3
tul-eri-mus
tul-eri-tis
tul-eri-nt
1
2
3
latus sim
latus sis
latus sit
1
2
3
lati simus
lati sitis
lati sint
1
2
3
factus sim
factus sis
factus sit
1
2
3
facti simus
facti sitis
facti sint
PLUPERFECT
1
2
3
tul-isse-m
tul-isse-s
tul-isse-t
1
2
3
tul-isse-mus
tul-isse-tis
tul-isse-nt
1
2
3
latus essem
latus esses
latus esset
1
2
3
lati essemus
lati essetis
lati essent
1
2
3
factus essem
factus esses
factus esset
1
2
3
facti essemus
facti essetis
facti essent
fer
IMPERATIVE
fer-te
fer-re
fi
fi-te
COMMON IRREGULAR VERBS
NON-FINITE FORMS
To be Learned as Follows
KEY:† Declines as a 1st & 2nd Declension Adj.
Ferre – To Carry (etc.)
‡ Declines as a 3rd Declension (-ns) Adj.
Fieri – To Be Made/Become (etc.)
* Indeclinable
ACTIVE
TENSE
INFINITIVES
VOICE
PASSIVE
*
ferre
*
ferri
*
fieri
PERFECT
*
tulisse
†
latus (m), -a (f), -um (n) esse
†
factus (m), -a (f), -um (n) esse
FUTURE
†
laturus (m), -a (f), -um (n) esse
*
latum iri
†
facturus (m), -a (f), -um (n) esse
PRESENT
‡
ferens (m, f & n), (-tis gen. sing.)
†
latus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
†
factus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
(Passive)
†
facturus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
(Active)
†
faciendus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
(Passive)
TENSE
PERFECT
PARTICIPLES
PASSIVE (In Mixed Format)
PRESENT
FUTURE
†
laturus (m), -a (f), -um (n)
CASE
GERUNDS
(GERUNDIVE)
(DECLENSION)
GERUND
SUPINE
GERUND
SUPINE
NOMINATIVE
ACCUSATIVE
GENITIVE
DATIVE
ABLATIVE
-
-
-
-
NOTES
MEMORISATION AID FOR REGULAR VERBAL CONJUGATIONS
THE REGULAR CONJUGATIONS REDUCED TO A SIMPLIFIED PARADIGM
FINITE FORMS
(Memorising Transitional Patterns Obviates Learning Whole Tables Individually)
KEY:SINGULAR (S.)
PLURAL (P.)
1 I
1 We
2 You (Singular)
2 You (Plural)
REGULAR VERBS = VERBAL STEM + INFIX + PERSONAL (AGREEMENT) SUFFIX
3 He, She or It
3 They
N.B. For 'Verbal Stem' Morphemes, Refer to the Full Conjugation Tables or Dictionary 'Principal Parts'
VOICE
ACTIVE (N.B. Suffixes Also Indicate Voice)
NUMBER
SINGULAR (S)
PERSONAL (AGREEMENT) SUFFIXES
(P. Suffixes)
PASSIVE (N.B. Suffixes Also Indicate Voice)
PLURAL (P)
SINGULAR (S)
PLURAL (P)
1
-o / -m (Omit in I. Perfect)
1
-mus
1
-r
1
2
-s
2
-tis
2
-ris
2 -mini
3
-t
3
-nt
3
-tur
3 -ntur
(Omit in I. Perfect)
-mur
(MOOD/TENSE) INFIXES
PRESENT
(Active S.1 in -o Suffix)
(-i- All except S1 & P3)
(-u- P3)
3rd Conj. (Except 3rd Mixed)
3rd & 4th Conjugations
(-b- S1), -bi-, (-bu- P3)
(-a- S1), -e-
IMPERFECT
FUTURE
TENSE
INDICATIVE
(S.1 in -o Suffix; 1st & 2nd)
TENSE
MOOD
No Infix, Only the Verb Stem + (/-) Its Connective Vowel
+ the Agreeable Personal Suffix
(-o- S1 = Irregular P. Suffix)
(-i- All except S1, S2 & P3)
(-e- S2)
(-u- P3)
All Conjugations
3rd Conj. (Except 3rd Mixed)
3rd Conjugation
3rd & 4th Conjugations
1St & 2nd Conjugations
3rd & 4th Conjugations
(-bo- S1), (-be- S2), -bi-, (-bu- P3)
(-a- S1), -e-
1St & 2nd Conjugations
3rd & 4th Conjugations
-ba-eba-
1St & 2nd Conjugations
3rd & 4th Conjugations
-ba-eba-
1St & 2nd Conjugations
3rd & 4th Conjugations
PERFECT PARTICIPLE PERIPHRASIS
(See the Agreed Perfect Participle + Pertinent Form of 'Sum')
PERFECT
-vi-, (-visti S2), (-vis- P2), (-veru- P3)
(N.B. Omitted P. Suffixes
Active S.1 & S.2)
-ui-, (-uisti S2), (-uis- P2), (-ueru- P3)
-i-, (-isti S2), (-is- P2), (-eru- P3)
1St & 4th Conjugations
2nd Conjugation
3rd Conj. (N.B. V. Stem Mut.)
FUTURE PERFECT
(-ver- S1), -veri(-uer- S1), -ueri(-er- S1), -eri-
1St & 4th Conjugations
2nd Conjugation
3rd Conj. (N.B. V. Stem Mut.)
PLUPERFECT
-vera-uera-era-
1St & 4th Conjugations
2nd Conjugation
3rd Conj. (N.B. V. Stem Mut.)
PRESENT
-e-a-
1St Conjugation
2nd, 3rd & 4th Conjugations
IMPERFECT
-re-
PERFECT
-veri-ueri-eri-
PLUPERFECT
-visse-uisse-isse-
1St & 4th Conjugations
2nd Conjugation
3rd Conj. (N.B. V. Stem Mut.)
IMPERATIVE
Verb Stem 1st, 2nd & 4th Conj.
Verb Stem + -e 3rd Conj.
Verb Stem + -te
(Active S.1 in -o Suffix)
SUBJUNCTIVE
No Infix, Only the Verb Stem + (/-) Its Connective Vowel
+ the Agreeable Personal Suffix
-e-a-
1St Conjugation
2nd, 3rd & 4th Conjugations
All Conjugations
-re-
All Conjugations
1St & 4th Conjugations
2nd Conjugation
3rd Conj. (N.B. V. Stem Mut.)
PERFECT PARTICIPLE PERIPHRASIS
(See the Agreed Perfect Participle + Pertinent Form of 'Sum')
Verb Stem + -re
Verb Stem + -mini
TWELVE TABLES
OF THE LAWS OF
LATIN INFLEXION
Arranged by R.C.R. Young
For the International, Living Latin Movement
Twelve Tables of the Laws of Latin Inflexion
Was Arranged to be Freely Accessible Online,
and Present the Laws of Latin Inflexion
for Rapid Reference within Twelve,
Double-Sided, Printed Pages.
© COPYRIGHT WITHIN PUBLIC DOMAIN 2008