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RELIGIONS CHAPTER 6 | p. 183 – 221 Feb 3 – 13 TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 3 OBJECTIVE: describe the distribution of the major religions SOCRATIVE HansenMHS Last name, First name UNIVERSALIZING vs. ETHNIC RELIGIONS Universalizing Religion • global • appeals to many people • spans across cultures Examples: • Christianity • Islam • Buddhism Ethnic Religion • appeals primarily to one group of people in one place • remains within the culture from which it originated Examples: • Hinduism • Chinese traditional • African traditional • Judaism ATHEISM vs. AGNOSTICISM ATHEISM • belief that God does not exist AGNOSTICISM • belief that nothing can be known about whether God exists MONOTHEISM vs. POLYTHEISM MONOTHEISM POLYTHEISM • belief that there is only • belief in more than one Example: Judaism was the first monotheistic religion Example: Pagans (i.e. Greeks, Romans) one God god PAGANISM vs. ANIMISM PAGANISM • “Pagan” refers to the practice of ancient peoples, who had multiple gods • Religions that predate Christianity and Islam Examples: Greeks, Romans ANIMISM • belief that inanimate object (plants, stones) or natural events (thunderstorms) have spirits and conscious life Examples: 12% of Africans Branches Denominations Sects Branch: large fundamental division • Christianity Ex: Roman Catholic, Protestant, Orthodox • Islam Example: Sunni, Shiite Denomination: division of a branch that unites local congregations • Christianity Ex: Baptist, Methodist, Lutheran Sect: small group that has broken away from a denomination • Christianity Ex: Puritanism Maps of Religions Create a choropleth map of religions at the global and national scale: ① Major religions of the world ② Denominations in the United States Christianity • Most populous and most widespread religion • Branches: • Roman Catholic (51%) • Protestant (24%) • Orthodox (11%) • Non-denominational (14%) • Europe: • Roman Catholic: southwest and east • Protestantism: northwest • Orthodoxy: east and southeast • Western Hemisphere: • 90% Christian • Roman Catholics: Latin American, SW and NE USA, Quebec • Protestants: USA Independent Christian Churches • Ethiopian Church: • two shipwrecked Christians were taken as slaves and converted Ethiopian king to Christianity • Armenian Church: • Lebanon, Armenian, NE Turkey, western Azerbaijan • Nagorno-Karabakh: want independence for this portion of Azerbaijan, since it is mostly Armenians • Azerbaijan is mostly Shiite Muslims • Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormons) • Regarded as separate from other branches • Utah and surrounding states Islam • 1.5 billion adherents (Muslims) • North Africa, Middle East, Central Asia • Indonesia, Pakistan, Bangladesh, India • Islam translates to “submission to the will of God” • Branches: • Sunni: 83% -- SW Asia and North Africa • Shiite: 16% -- Iran, Pakistan, Iraq, Azerbaijan Buddhism • East Asia and SE Asia • Branches • Mahayana: 56% -- China, Japan, Korea • Theravada: 38% -- Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand • Vajrayana: 6% -- Tibet, Mongolia • SIG: differs from Western concepts of a formal religious system • Can be Buddhist and follow other ethnic religions Sikhism • Pakistan • God was revealed to Guru Nanak • People continually improve toward perfection through their deeds and actions on Earth • Principles of faith: • Men wear turbans and never cut beards/hair
