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Kingdom School - Lama EL Ghali What is Climate? 1 Weather 2 The words weather and climate do not have the same definitions. Weather is made up of all the conditions in one place at a single moment. Weather changes very often. Kingdom School - Lama EL Ghali Climate 3 Climate is the average of weather conditions over a long time (usually 30 years) Does not change much daily like weather Climate includes : 1) Average amount of precipitation 2) Average temperature 3) How much the temperature changes during the year. Kingdom School - Lama EL Ghali Landforms Affect Climate 4 Areas on opposite sides of mountain range can have different climates Higher land is cooler because temperature decreases with height in the troposphere. Kingdom School - Lama EL Ghali Landforms Affect Climate 5 But that is not the only way that climate varies around mountains. Areas on opposite sides of a mountain range can have very different climates Kingdom School - Lama EL Ghali Ocean Affect Climate 6 How do oceans affect climate ? Oceans can affect a climate by slowing the rise and fall of the air temperature. REMEMBER: that bodies of water become warm and cool more slowly than land. Ætemperature of the air near an ocean does not change as quickly as air inland. Kingdom School - Lama EL Ghali Ocean Affect Climate 7 In the summer, the air over ocean beaches is often cooler than air over areas inland. Ocean currents can make a climate warmer or cooler Kingdom School - Lama EL Ghali Past Climates 8 Climates are determined by many years of weather. Climates have changed many times throughout history, sometimes quickly, but usually slowly . Read the part in the Summary Booklet – and one student should explain it in 5 mins Kingdom School - Lama EL Ghali Fossils 9 Kingdom School - Lama EL Ghali How Climates change? 10 Volcanic eruptions and asteroid or meteorite impacts may have quickly caused cooler climates in the distant past. By putting dust and other materials into the upper atmosphere Æ These materials can cool the climate by blocking sunlight or reflecting sunlight back into space. Kingdom School - Lama EL Ghali How Climates Change? 11 Carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor also can make climates warmer. From where do they come from ? They can be produced by human activities, such as burning coal and gasoline. These gases can also enter the atmosphere naturally, such as through decaying matter, forest fires, volcanoes, and the water cycle. Kingdom School - Lama EL Ghali Climate 12 Many different events help to form a climate. Because of this, it is hard to determine why a climate has changed. Kingdom School - Lama EL Ghali
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