Download Cranial nerves CRANIAL NERVE FORAMINA PERIPHERAL

Cranial nerves
CRANIAL
FORAMINA PERIPHERAL PATHWAY
FUNCTION
NERVE
(origin and destination)
Olfactory (I) cribriform plate olfactory epithelium (nose)
sensory: smell
→ olfactory bulbs
Optic (II)
optic foramen
retina → diencephalon
sensory: vision
Oculomotor
(III)
superior orbital
fissure
mesencephalon → most eye
muscles
motor: eye movement
Trochlear
(IV)
superior orbital
fissure
mesencephalon → superior
oblique muscle of eye
motor: eye movement
Trigeminal
(V)
Ophthalmic
mixed
superior orbital
fissure
Maxillary
foramen
rotundum
Mandibular
foramen ovale
upper eyelid, upper face
→ sensory nuclei in pons
lower eyelid, mid face →
sensory nuclei in pons
sensory: innervates skin of
forehead, nose, eyebrows &
lids, nasal cavity, etc.
sensory: innervates lower
eyelid, upper lip, cheek, nose,
etc.
sensory: lower gums, teeth,
lips, etc.→ sensory nuclei pons mixed
motor: chewing, etc.
motor: motor nuclei pons→
sensory: proprioreceptive info
muscles of mastication
of mastication muscles
pons → lateral rectus muscle motor: eye movements
Abducens
(VI)
Facial (VII)
superior orbital
fissure
internal
pons ↔ facial muscles,
acoustic meatus anterior tongue
Vestibulocochlear
(VIII)
Glossopharyngeal
(IX)
internal
inner ear → pons, medulla
acoustic meatus
Vagus (X)
Spinal
Accessory
(XI)
Hypoglossal
(XII)
jugular foramne posterior tongue, carotid art.,
pharynx ↔ medulla
mixed
motor: muscles of scalp/ear
sensory: taste, deep pressure
sensors of face
sensory: balance, equilibrium,
and hearing
mixed
sensory: taste, blood pressure,
dissolved gas conc.
motor: swallowing
jugular foramen pinna, diaphragm, viscera, etc mixed
↔ medulla
sensory: viscera, ear, pharynx,
etc.
motor: heart, smooth muscle of
viscera
jugular foramen medulla , spinal cord → palate, motor: swallowing, neck and
back muscles
pharynx, larynx, trapezius,
sternocleidomastoid
hypoglossal
medulla → muscles of tongue motor: tongue musculature