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Download Physical Geography of Africa – The Land
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Physical Geography of Africa – The Land 20-1 Landforms Continent of plateaus series of plateaus rise from W to E escarpments – steep cliffs separating plateaus highest and broadest in SE continent with highest overall elevation Landforms Mts. and Highlands Atlas Mts. – NW Ethopian Highlands – S. of Sahara & E. down to S. Africa Drakensberg Mts. – SE Ruwenzori Mts. – Central & E. Africa Mt. Kenya & Kilimanjaro highest – 19,340 ft. Ruwenzori Mts. Mt. Kenya Mt. Kilimanjaro Drakensberg Mts. Drakensberg Mts. Mt. Kilimanjaro Landforms Great Rift Valley natural wonder Jordan River to Zambezi R. in Zimbabwe trench 3,500 mi. long believed to have been caused by Pangea split Africa had volcanic activity as result Great Rift Valley Water Systems Chain of Lakes Lake Victoria – 2nd largest freshwater lake, Central & E. Lake Tanganyika – 420 mi. long – longest freshwater lake Lake Malawi – many fish species, S & E Lake Chad – created by dam near Chad Lake Malawi Lake Malawi Water Systems Rivers and Basins Nile – N. Africa with tributary from Lake Victoria Congo – longest S. of Sahara, 2,700 mi. long, crosses equator south 10 million gal. per sec. Niger – empties into Atlantic Ocean Zambezi – empties into Indian Ocean Niger River Zambezi River Physical Geography of Africa – The Climates and Vegetation 20-2 Deserts and semi-desert Covers 2/5 of Africa Namib Desert – coast of Namibia, SW Kalahari Desert – Southern plateau, covers most of Botswana vegetation – cactus, shrubs temps vary from 120°-50°F PBS Website on Africa’s Climates and Vegetation Kalahari and Namib Desert Kalahari Desert - family Namib Desert Desert Oases Okavango – river that empties into Kalahari Desert Called “the Delta” Angola Namibia Botswana Desert Oases Okavango – river that empties into Kalahari Desert Called “the Delta” The Sahel Steppe grasslands – wide grassy plains Seasons – long dry one, short wet one Less water in recent years – caused by drought Problems – famine, death, migration The Sahel Tropical Savanna vegetation – grassland and scattered trees rainfall – 30-60 in. per year elephant grass – grows 15 ft. or taller Tropical Rainforests cover 8% of Africa located near equator Rains daily poor farmland Soil gets leached – nutrients washed away products from rainforest Cocoa – chocolate Rubber Palm oil lumber Cocoa Moderate climates highlands of Kenya southern tip – S. Africa three characteristics of location of population Fertile soil Adequate rain Favorable climate
