Download The Early Nation 1789-1801

The Young Nation
1789-1801
Washington through Adams
George Washington’s
Presidency
1789-1797
A REAL
American
Hero…..
Inauguration 58:23
Events at Home
 Washington’s Cabinet:
Creation of Three Executive
departments:
– State: foreign affairs; headed by Thomas Jefferson
– Treasury: money; headed by Alexander Hamilton
– War: defense;
-headed by Henry Knox
More Events at Home
 Judiciary Act of
1789 created the
Supreme Court &
other Federal Courts
Yes, Even More Events at Home
 Alexander Hamilton’s
Financial Plan
– created protective tariffs to promote industry
– established the National Bank to provide the
nation with stable currency
– created an excise tax on whiskey to raise
revenue
No More Events at Home,
After This One
 Whiskey Rebellion
– Farmers in western Pennsylvania refused to
pay the federal excise tax on whiskey and
attacked tax collectors. Washington made
15,000 militia men into federal troops and
put down the rebellion. As a result, the
Federal government showed its new power.
Cliven Bundy
Foreign Affairs….
 Neutrality Act of 1793
–The United States would not get
involved in a war between the French
and the British
but * Jay’s Treaty – settled some
differences with Britain, pro-British
Neutrality Genet
Ok, I lied, but this is really
the last event at home
Washington’s Farewell
Address (1797)
– George Washington’s final advice to the
United States was that the US should
•
•
•
•
(a) be neutral
(b) remain united
(c) avoid permanent alliances
(d) not have political parties
Political Parties
First Political Parties
Federalists
DemocraticRepublicans
Thomas Jefferson
Leaders
John Adams and
Alexander Hamilton
National
Govt
Believed in a strong Believed in a weak
national government national government
Economy
Industrial economy
Agricultural economy
Supporters Bankers and
Farmers, artisans,
business interests in and frontier settlers
the Northeast.
in the South
Political Parties
• What were the major Federalist policies
that led TJ and Madison to create the
first opposition party -- the DemocraticRepublicans?
Dinner smackdown (8:46)
– Hamilton’s Bank of the US
– The sort-of war with France 29:11 (XYZ Affair)
– The Jay Treaty (very PRO-British)
John Adams’s Presidency
(1797 --1801)
In the election of
1796, John Adams
defeated Thomas
Jefferson for the
presidency, and
Jefferson became the
vice-president.
Adams had Issues
Alien and Sedition Acts (1798)
*Used to silence
critics of the
Federalist party
(that is, the
DemocraticRepublicans) *
John Adams Sedition Acts
– The President could
imprison or deport aliens
(citizens of other
countries).
– People who wrote
anything of “a scandalous
and malicious nature”
against the government
could be imprisoned.
Adams has Issues
 The Virginia and
Kentucky Resolves
• Virginia and Kentucky
declare the Alien &
Sedition Acts “null”
because they violated
the Bill of Rights
• Guess who wrote
them???
You’re gone before we
knew you….
Election of 1800
John Adams (Federalist) -vThomas Jefferson
(Democratic-Republicans)
The election of 1800, won by Jefferson, was the
first presidential election in which power was
peacefully transferred from one party to another.
Jefferson as President
• Democratic-Republican
– Small government
– Pays off debt
• But when opportunity knocks…..
– Louisiana Purchase in 1803
– 3 cents an Acre!?!
– Doubled the size of the United States overnight
– Explorers: Lewis and Clark
– Shoshone guide: Sacajawea
Clips:
• Neutrality – Genet
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a5wCl3aAMEQ&featur
e=related
• Ham v Jeff at dinner
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vy7FJJ_ud84&feature=
related
• Burning of washington – from 4:50
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_LgV6KIDtoE