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Space Unit Review
The Universe: The total sum of all
energy and matter. It contains
everything
The Universe contains galaxies.
Galaxies
• Four types: Irregular, Barred Spiral, Spiral and
Elliptical. They all contain the following
• Stars
• Nebulas
• Solar Systems
• Black Holes
Solar Systems
all contain the following
• At least one star called a Sun
• Planets and Moons
• Asteroids and comets at times
Our Solar System
• Located in the Milky Way Galaxy
• Has a medium sized star for a Sun. Our Sun is the
closest star making it the brightest and hottest
star for our Solar system
• 8 planets, including ours, Earth
• Has an Asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter.
• Many planets have moons. Some do not
• Comets & Asteroids also orbit the Sun
Planets!
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My -- Mercury
Very – Venus
Eager -- Earth
Mother -- Mars
Just -- Jupiter
Served -- Saturn
Us -- Uranus
Nachos -- Nachos
Planets
• Inner (Terrestrial, Rocky): Mercury, Venus, Earth &
Mars – Solid Cores, no ring systems. More dense
than the Outer
• Outer (Gas Giants, Jovian): Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus &
Neptune – Non-solid cores, have ring systems. Less
dense than the Inner.
• Planets reflect Sunlight
• The closer to the Sun, the faster the planet orbits the
Sun. Mercury orbits the Sun is 88 days while
Neptune takes 165 years.
Orbit/Rotation
• Planets REVOLVE (orbit) around the Sun
because the Sun has the greatest amount of
Gravity (> Mass).
• Moons orbit planets for the same reason.
• All planets and moons ROTATE on an axis.
• One rotation is called a “day.”
• Comets and asteroids REVOLVE (orbit) around
the SUN.
Moon
• The Moon has phases that always occur in the same
order.
• The Lunar cycle lasts about 28 days starting w/ the
New Moon.
• First Quarter in 1 week
• Full moon in 2 weeks
• Third Quarter in 3 weeks
• The Moon’s rate of rotation and orbiting (revolving)
match. So we see only one side of the Moon.
• Reflects Sunlight