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Transcript 
IPS Rev 1.0
Ken Lutz
University of California, Berkeley
[email protected]
Information Overlay to the
Energy Grid
Intelligent Energy Network
Source
IPS
IPS 1.0 Here
energy
subnet
Load IPS
Intelligent
Power Switch
Generation
Transmission
Distribution
Load
Conventional Electric Grid
Conventional Internet
2
Intelligent Power Switch
H
o
s
tL
o
a
d
Intelligent
Power Switch
(IPS)
Energy
Storage
Host Load
Intelligent
Energy
Power Switch Storage
(IPS)
Power
Generation
PowerComm
Interface
information flows
Intelligent
Power Switch
(IPS)
Energy Network
Intelligent
Power Switch
(IPS)
energy flows
Energy
Storage
Energy
Storage
• PowerComm Interface: Network + Power connector
• Scale Down, Scale Out
3
Simplified IPS 1.0
Host Load
sMAP
Plotter
Time series
Data Archive PowerComm
Intelligent
Energy
Power Switch Storage
(IPS)
Interface
Uni-directional
energy flow
information flows
Data and Energy Network
• PowerComm Interface: Network + Power connector
• Scale Down, Scale Out
4
Energy Coupler
• Multi-port Universal
Energy Coupler
– Support for
Independent AC
domains if desired
• Control of power
flows in energy
network
• Integration of
distributed storage
AC
Clock 2
Intelligent
Power Switch
(IPS)
Host Load
Energy
Storage
PowerComm
Interface
AC Clock 1
Data and Energy Network
5
PowerComm Interface
• Network Based
Control and Actuation
• Data Measurement
for monitoring current
state and archival
Host Load
Voltage, Current
sMAP
Plotter
Intelligent
Power Switch
(IPS)
% Capacity
Time series
Data Archive
PowerComm
Interface
Voltage, Current
Data and Energy Network
6
IPS Prototype
AC In
AC Out
DC Bus
15 VDC
Converter
Inverter
ACME
ACME
Battery Charge
Controller
Load Controller
LabJack
Voltage, Current
Switch Actuation
12 V Lead-Acid Battery
DC Output
Specifications
• 400 Watt Nominal
• 50% Efficiency ACAC (low load)
• 64% Efficiency ACDC
• Hold up time 20 min
(discharge to 11.5V)
• Recharge time 60 min
8
Mode 1: Run From Grid
Run Only from Utility
AC Out
AC In
15 VDC
Converter
Inverter
ACME
ACME
Battery Charge Controller
Load Controller
12 V Lead-Acid Battery
DC Output
IPS Voltage and Current
IPS Current
10
Mode 2: Run From Battery
AC Out
AC In
15 VDC
Converter
Inverter
ACME
ACME
Battery Charge Controller
Load Controller
DC Output
Run from Battery
12 V Lead-Acid Battery
Utility OFF, Run From
Battery
12
Mode 3: Run and Charge
Run And Charge from Utility
AC Out
AC In
15 VDC
Converter
Inverter
ACME
ACME
Battery Charge Controller
Load Controller
12 V Lead-Acid Battery
DC Output
Line and Battery Operation
IPS Current
14
Value
14:04:20
14:08:50
14:13:20
14:17:51
14:22:21
14:26:51
14:31:21
14:35:51
14:40:21
14:44:51
14:49:21
14:53:51
14:58:21
15:02:51
15:07:21
15:11:51
15:16:21
15:20:51
15:25:21
15:29:50
15:34:20
15:38:50
15:43:20
15:47:50
15:52:20
15:56:50
Run From Battery Then Run
and Recharge
IPS AC Input Power
0.5
0.45
0.4
0.35
0.3
0.25
0.2
Series1
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
15
Mode 4: Charge Only
Charge Only from Utility
AC Out
AC In
15 VDC
Converter
Inverter
ACME
ACME
Battery Charge Controller
Load Controller
12 V Lead-Acid Battery
DC Output
IPS
• 600W AC-15VDC
Converter
• Solid State Switches
• 40A Xantec Charge and
Load Controllers
• Lead Acid Battery
• Exeltech 600W inverter
• Labjack for sense and
control
• ACME AC power
measurement
17
IPS and FitPC-2i cluster
18
Future Work
• Package IPS and Replicate to Form a
Network
• Incorporate Local Intelligence and State to
support plug and play?
• Scale Storage driven by load requirements
• Bi-Directional Power Flow?
19
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