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BASALTIC – DENSE, DARKCOLORED IGNEOUS ROCK
FORMED FROM MAGMA
CEMENTATION – WHEN
SEDIMENTS ARE GLUED
“CEMENTED” TOGETHER
CLEAVAGE – PHYSICAL PROPERTY
OF SOME MINERALS THAT MAKES
THEM BREAK ALONG SMOOTH,
FLAT SURFACES
COLOR – THE HUE, SHADE, OR
PIGMENT OF A MINERAL
COMPACTION – WHEN
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS ARE
COMPRESSED BY THE LAYERS
ABOVE THEM
EXTRUSIVE – FINE-GRAINED
IGNEOUS ROCK THAT FORMS
WHEN MAGMA COOLS AT OR
NEAR EARTH’S SURFACE
FOLIATED – METAMORPHIC ROCK
WHICH ARE FOLDED AND
FLATTENED INTO PARALLEL LAYERS
FRACTURE – PHYSICAL
PROPERTY OF MINERALS THAT
BREAK WITH UNEVEN, ROUGH, OR
JAGGED SURFACES
GRANITIC – LIGHT-COLORED
SILICA-RICH IGNEOUS ROCK
(LESS DENSE THAN BASALTIC)
HARDNESS – MEASURE OF HOW
EASILY A MINERAL CAN BE
SCRATCHED.
IGNEOUS – ROCK FORMED WHEN
MAGMA OR LAVA COOLS AND
HARDENS
INTRUSIVE – IGNEOUS ROCK
WITH LARGE CRYSTALS FORMED
WHEN MAGMA COOLS BELOW
EARTH’S SURFACE
LAVA – MOLTEN ROCK THAT
FLOWS FROM VOLCANOES ONTO
EARTH’S SURFACE
LUSTER – THE WAY A MINERAL
REFLECTS LIGHT (METALLIC OR
NON-METALLIC)
METAMORPHIC – FORMS FROM
HEAT & PRESSURE (CHANGES A
ROCK’S FORM &/OR
COMPOSITION)
MINERALS – NATURALLY
OCCURRING, INORGANIC SOLID
W/DEFINITE CHEMICAL
COMPOSITION
MOH – MOH’S SCALE IS USED TO
MEASURE THE HARDNESS OF A
MINERAL
NONFOLIATED – METAMORPHIC
ROCK WHERE GRAINS ARE
REARRANGED BUT DON’T FORM
LAYERS
ROCK – MIXTURE OF MINERALS,
ROCK FRAGMENTS, OR ORGANIC
MATTER
ROCK CYCLE – DESCRIBES HOW
ROCKS CHANGE SLOWLY FROM
ONE TYPE TO ANOTHER
SEDIMENTARY – FORMS WHEN
SEDIMENTS ARE COMPACTED OR
CEMENTED TOGETHER INTO
LAYERS
SEDIMENTS – LOOSE ROCK FRAGMENTS,
MINERAL GRAINS, AND ONCE-LIVING
PLANTS & ANIMALS THAT HAVE BEEN
ERODED
STREAK – COLOR OF A MINERAL
IN ITS POWDERED FORM