Download A+ Guide to Hardware, 4e

Processor Sockets and Slots
• Used to connect the processor to the motherboard
• Motherboard type must match processor package
• Types of sockets
– Sockets are built around pin grid or land grid arrays
– Variations: PGA, SPGA, LGA, DIP, LIF, and ZIF
• Types of slots
–
–
–
–
Packages fit into slots like expansion cards
Designated slots: Slot 1, Slot A, and Slot 2
New processor packages use sockets, not slots
Slocket: adapts Slot 1 to processor requiring a socket
A+ Guide to Hardware
1
Figure 4-16 Socket LGA775
A+ Guide to Hardware
2
Figure 4-17 Socket LGA1366 is the latest Intel socket
Core i7" is a successor to the Intel Core 2 brand
The Core i7 brand is targeted at the business and high-end consumer markets for both desktop
and laptop computers
A+ Guide to Hardware
3
Figure 4-17 A riser card can be used to install a Celeron
processor into a motherboard with slot 1
A+ Guide to Hardware
4
Socket
CPUs Supported
Socket 7 (PGA)
AMD K5 / K6 / K6-2 / K6-III; Cyrix 6x86, 6x86L, 6x86MX, MII
IBM 6x86, 6x86L, 6x86MX; IDT Winchip 2, Winchip C6
Intel Pentium, Pentium MMX; Rise Technology MP6; ST 6x86
Socket 370 (PGA)
Intel Celeron, Pentium III; VIA C3
Socket 423 (PGA)
Intel Pentium 4
Socket 462 (PGA)
AMD Athlon, Athlon 4, Athlon MP, Athlon XP, Athlon XP-M, Duron, Mobile Athlon, Mobile
Duron, Sempron
Socket 478 (PGA)
Intel Celeron, Celeron D, Mobile Pentium 4, Mobile Pentium 4-M, Pentium 4
Socket 479 (PGA)
Intel Celeron M, Core 2 Duo Mobile, Core Duo, Core Solo, Mobile Celeron, Pentium DualCore Mobile,Pentium III-M, Pentium M; VIA C7
Socket 754 (PGA)
AMD Athlon 64, K8 Athlon XP-M, K8 Sempron, Mobile Athlon 64, Mobile Sempron, Turion
64 Mobile technology
Socket 775 (LGA)
Intel Celeron D, Core 2 Duo, Core 2 Quad, Core 2 Extreme, Pentium 4, Pentium 4 Extreme
Edition, Pentium D, Pentium Dual-Core
Socket 939 (PGA)
AMD Athlon 64, Athlon 64 FX, Athlon 64 X2, Dual-Core Opteron, K8 Sempron, Opteron
Socket 940 (PGA)
AMD Athlon 64 FX, Dual-Core Opteron, Opteron
Socket 1366 (LGA)
Intel Core i7, Core i7 Extreme Edition
Socket AM2, AM2+,
AM3 (PGA)
AMD Athlon 64, Athlon 64 FX, Athlon 64 X2, Mobile Athlon 64 X2, K8 Sempron, Phenom X3,
Phenom X4, Second Generation Opteron, Phenom II
Socket 771 (LGA)
Intel Dual-Core Xeon, Quad-Core Xeon, Core 2 Extreme
Socket M (PGA)
Intel Core Solo, Core Duo, Core 2 Duo, Celeron M
Socket S1 (PGA)
AMD Turion 64 X2, Mobile Sempron, Turion 64
A+ Guide to Hardware
5
Figure 4-18 Using Intel 800 series Accelerated Hub
Architecture, a hub interface is used to connect slower I/O
buses to the system bus
A+ Guide to Hardware
6
A+ Guide to Hardware
7
Heat Sinks and Cooling Fans
• Target temperature range: 90° - 100° F or 32 – 37 C
– One or more fans are needed to meet cooling needs
• Cooling fan sits on top of processor with wire or clip
• Heat sink: clip-on device pulling heat from processor
• Cooler: combination of heat sink and cooling fan
A+ Guide to Hardware
8
Figure 4-19 A processor cooling fan mounts on the top or
side of the processor housing and is powered by an
electrical connection to the motherboard
A+ Guide to Hardware
9
Installing a Processor
• Types of installation technicians are asked to perform:
–
–
–
–
Assemble a PC from parts
Exchange a processor that is faulty
Add a second processor to a dual-processor system
Upgrade an existing processor to improve performance
• Motherboard documentation lists suitable processors
• Some processor features to consider:
– The core frequency and supported bus speeds
– Multiprocessing capabilities
– An appropriate cooler
A+ Guide to Hardware
10
Voltage to the Processor
• Earlier processors drew power from system bus lines
– Newer motherboards may have a power connector
• Modern motherboards regulate voltage to socket
• Sockets were more universal for older processors
– Processor may fit socket, but not get correct voltage
– Ensure that motherboard supports older processor
• Dual-voltage processor
– Voltages for internal and external operations differ
• Single-voltage processor: requires only one voltage
A+ Guide to Hardware
11
Figure 4-23 Auxiliary 4-pin power cord from the power
supply connects to the ATX12V connector on the
motherboard to provide power to the Pentium 4
A+ Guide to Hardware
12
CPU Voltage Regulator
• Voltages could be set on some older motherboards
– Enabled motherboard to support various CPUs
• Ways to configure voltage on older motherboards
– Set jumpers to configure voltage to processor
– Use a voltage regulator module (VRM)
• A VRM can be embedded or installed with upgrade
A+ Guide to Hardware
13
Figure 4-42 The CPU and motherboard temperature is
monitored by CMOS setup
A+ Guide to Hardware
14
Dual Core
A+ Guide to Hardware
15
My Pictures
A+ Guide to Hardware
16