Download 18. Weather – Recap - hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca

Recap
Heat
 The transfer of thermal energy from one object to
another.
 Heat Transfer:
 Conduction
 Convection
 Radiation
Earth’s Energy Budget
 Solar radiation is the primary source of heat for soil
and water.
 Earth will absorb this heat, but will radiate heat
back into the atmosphere.
 This helps heat the air.
Specific Heat Capacity
 The amount of heat needed to change the
temperature of a substance.
 The higher the heat capacity, the more energy is
needed.
Heating Water
 Water needs a lot of heat to change its temperature
because it has a high specific heat capacity.
Heating Land
 Land heats much faster than water.
 Water’s specific heat capacity is much higher.
 Radiation can penetrate deeper into water.
Breezes
 Sea Breeze:
 During day.
 Heat from land rises and
breeze from water.
 Land Breeze:
 During night.
 Heat from ocean rises and breeze from land.
Humidity
 The amount of water vapour in the air.
 Relative Humidity:
 As a percentage of the water vapour if the air was
saturated.
 Warm air can hold more vapour than cold air.
Thermal Energy Transfer
 Endothermic:
 Absorption of heat


Melting
Evaporation
 Exothermic:
 Release of heat


Condensation
Freezing
The Water Cycle
 Condensation
 Precipitation
 Infiltration
 Runoff
 Evaporation
 Transpiration
Atmosphere
 Troposphere
 Stratosphere
 Ozone
 Mesosphere
 Thermosphere
 Exosphere
Ionosphere
Greenhouse Gases
 Absorb re-radiation from Earth.
 Help warm the atmosphere.
Atmospheric Pressure
 The force exerted by air on its surroundings.
Pressure Systems
 High Pressure:
 Cool air moves down.
 Nice weather.
 Low Pressure:
 Warm air moves up.
 Bad weather.
Heat Sinks
 Absorb and store thermal energy.
 Earth’s Heat Sinks:
 Water
 Air