Download Document

ENERGY TRANSFER IN THE EARTH'S ATMOSPHERE
By:Nary C.
WHERE MOST OF EARTH'S ENERGY COMES FROM🔽
• There's two locations we get our energy from. One is the sun. The Sun
radiates huge amounts of energy but only a small portion of that energy hits
the Earth, but it's enough to light our living days. It can also heat our air and
land, and create weather systems over the oceans. The other main source of
energy is Earth’s internal heat. This heat has two starts. 1) The breakdown of
chemical elements by radioactivity. 2) The heat that is left over from when
the planets came together.
DESCRIPTION OF HEAT TRANSFER
Radiation:
Conduction:
Convection:
Radiation is energy that
comes from a source
and travels through
some material or
through space. Light,
heat and sound are
types of radiation.
The transfer of energy
by the movement of
particles in contact with
each other.
The transfer of heat
through fluids from a
warmer spot to a cooler
spot.
THE WATER CYCLE🌊☁☀️🌧
THE WATER CYCLE🌊☁☀️🌧
• Do you think your parents are old? Well, how old do you think the water is?
• The water is older than any human who's ever lived on this earth. The earth
has a limited amount of water.😱😨Yea I know crazy but its true. That water
keeps going around and around, century after century. So how old do you
think your water is? The world may never know.
• Now in the water cycle they're 4 main parts which are Evaporation,
Condensation, Precipitation, Collection.
FOUR MAIN PARTS:
Evaporation:
Condensation:
Precipitation:
Evaporation is when the
sun heats up water in
rivers or lakes or the
ocean and turns it into
vapor or steam. The
water vapor or steam
leaves the river, lake or
ocean and goes into
the air.
Water vapor in the
air gets cold and
changes back into
liquid, forming
clouds.
Precipitation occurs
when so much water
has evaporated that
the air cannot hold it
anymore. The clouds
get heavy and water
falls back to the earth in
the form of rain, hail,
sleet or snow.
COLLECTION:
• When water falls back to earth as precipitation, it may fall back in the
oceans, lakes or rivers or it may end up on land. When it ends up on land, it
will either soak into the earth and become part of the “ground water” that
plants and animals use to drink or it may run over the soil and collect in the
oceans, lakes or rivers where the cycle starts.
AIR MOVEMENT THROUGH THE ATMOSPHERE 💨🌎
AIR MOVEMENT THROUGH THE
ATMOSPHERE
• The circulation of wind in the atmosphere is driven by the rotation of the
earth and the incoming energy from the sun. Wind circulates in each
hemisphere in three distinct cells which help transport energy and heat from
the equator to the poles. The winds are driven by the energy from the sun.
HOW IS WIND FORMED💨
• As the earth is affected by an unequal amount of heat energy from the sun,
the state of the air distinguish between different regions. Warm air expands
and rises up while cold air condenses and sinks, therefore resulting the flow of
air and forms wind.
CORIOLIS EFFECT
• The Coriolis Effect makes the northward flowing currents turn off course . The
Coriolis Effect breaks the air exchange between equator and poles into
three circulation belts.
"Coriolis effect is an inertial force described by the 19th-century French
engineer-mathematician Gustave-Gaspard Coriolis in 1835. Coriolis showed
that, if the ordinary Newtonian laws of motion of bodies are to be used in a
rotating frame of reference"
( http://abyss.uoregon.edu/~js/glossary/coriolis_effect.html )
GLOBAL WINDS🌎💨
• Global winds are really large air masses that are
created mainly as a result of the earth’s rotation, the
shape of the earth and the sun’s heating power.
GLOBAL WIND 3 BELT
• The global wind pattern is also known as the "general circulation" and the
surface winds of each hemisphere are divided into three wind belts:
• Polar Easterlies: From 60-90 degrees latitude.
• Prevailing Westerlies: From 30-60 degrees latitude (aka Westerlies).
• Tropical Easterlies: From 0-30 degrees latitude (aka Trade Winds).
( http://ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu/(Gh)/wwhlpr/hurricane_globalwinds.rxml )
Surface winds:
The surface of the Earth
exerts a frictional drag
on the air blowing just
above it. This friction can
act to change the wind's
direction and slow it
down keeping it from
blowing as fast as the
wind aloft. Actually, the
difference in terrain
conditions directly
affects how much
friction is exerted.
Winds in the upper
troposphere:
The troposphere is the layer
where most of the world's
weather takes place. Since
temperature decreases with
altitude in the troposphere,
warm air near the surface of
the Earth can readily rise,
being less dense than the
colder air above it.
In the troposphere, the density
and temperature increase at a
rate of 6.5 ° C for every
kilometer we descend to the
surface of the Earth.
Doldrums:
This is the very low pressure
area along the equator
where prevailing winds are
calmest. This low-pressure
area is caused by the
constant heating of the
sun. This belt extends to
about 5° north and south of
the equator.
LOCAL WINDS
• Local winds are created as a result of scenery such as mountains,
vegetation, water bodies, etc. They usually change very often. They can
move from mild to extreme winds in just hours. Good examples of local winds
are sea breezes, land breezes, mountain, and valley breezes. Local winds
cover very short amount of distances.
SEA BREEZE
The land heats up very quickly
and the air above it warms up a
lot more than the air over the
water. The warm air over the
land is less dense and begins to
rise. Low pressure is created.
LAND BREEZE
The land quickly loses its heat
while the water retains the
warmth. Meaning the air over the
water is warmer, less dense and
begins to rise. Low pressure is
created over the water. Cold
and dense air over the land
begins to move to the water
surface to replace the warmer
rising air.
SOME WEBSITES
• http://www.kidsgeo.com/geography-for-kids/0098-sea-land-breezes.php
• https://earth.nullschool.net/#2016/05/30/0000Z/wind/surface/level/azimuthal
_equidistant=-179.25,-3.51,128
• http://www.srh.noaa.gov/srh/jetstream/atmos/energy.html
• http://windmobile.site/en/wind-creation/
THE END~
By:Nary