Download Prokaryotic Cells vs Eukaryotic Cells

Prokaryotic Cells vs Eukaryotic
Cells
Types of Cells
• There are two main
types of cells
• These different types of
cells are different in
size, structure,
organelles and
complexity
• These different types of
cells make up the living
world that we
experience
Types of Cells
• Prokaryotic Cells consist
of…
– Bacteria
– Archaea
• Eukaryotic cells consist
of…
–
–
–
–
Protists
Fungi
Plants
Animals
Prokaryotic Cells
• Prokaryotic are
organisms made up of
cells that lack a cell
nucleus or any
membrane-encased
organelles
– “pro” – Before
– “karyotic” - Nut
• They are much simpler
than their eukaryotic
counterparts
Prokaryotic Cells
• All cells have three main
features in common
• Chromosomes are area of
genetic information
storage in a cell
• Ribosomes make proteins
based on the information
from the chromosomes
• Cytoplasm is interior fluid
that helps store and
dissolve
Prokaryotic Cells
• Prokaryotic cells differ
from eukaryotic cells
because they lack a
membrane bound
nucleus
• This means their
chromosomes are
coiled into a mass in the
center of the cell
• This mass of
chromosomes is called
a nucleoid
Prokaryotic Cells
• Most prokaryotes have
a fairly rigid cell wall
that protects and
supports the cell
• Most times this wall is
made of a substance
called peptidoglycan
• This is the thing most
antibiotics try to
destroy
Video
• http://www.youtube.co
m/watch?v=RBrwiiJ8qx
o
• Audio is a bit off, but a
great video
Prokaryotic Cells
• Fun Facts!
• Most prokaryotic cells are
around one tenth the size
of a eukaryotic cell
• They are mostly
unicellular however there
are some rare examples
where they act like a
multicellular organism
• Many prokaryotes have
external appendages that
help them move called
flagella
Eukaryotic Cells
• Eukaryotic cells are
organisms that have
membrane bound
organelles
• Organelles are specific
and specialized sub
units that have a
specific function
• They run the basic
processes of the cell
Eukaryotic Cells
• The organelles of a
eukaryotic cell can be
divided into four main
categories
• Genetic control
• Manufacturing,
distributing and breaking
down of macromolecules
• Energy processing
• Structural support and
movement
Eukaryotic Cells
• The main feature of a
eukaryotic cell is its
nucleus
• The nucleus is a
membrane bound
organelle that contains
the genetic information
for the cell
• This is the large dark
area when looking in a
microscope