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The Holocaust
By: Pasha Hussain and Jayson Hidalgo
Origin
• The word “Holocaust,” from the Greek words
“holos” (whole) and “kaustos” (burned), was
historically used to describe a sacrificial
offering burned on an altar. Since 1945, the
word has taken on a new meaning: the mass
murder of some 6 million European Jews
Overview
• In 1933, the Jewish population of Europe
stood at over nine million. European Jews
lived in countries that Nazi Germany would
take over during World War II. By 1945, the
Germans and their partners killed almost two
out of every three European Jews as part of
the "Final Solution," the Nazi policy to murder
the Jews of Europe.
Other Victims
•Victims included some
200,000 Gypsies. At
least 200,000 mentally
or physically disabled
patients.
Deportation
• Between 1941 and 1944, Nazi German police
deported millions of Jews from Germany, from
occupied territories, and from the countries of
many of its Axis allies to ghettos and to killing
centers, often called concentration camps,
where they were murdered in specially
developed gassing facilities.
Germans Move the Polish
• In September 1939, the German army took
over the western half of Poland. German
police soon made tens of thousands of Polish
Jews from their homes and into ghettoes,
giving their confiscated properties to ethnic
Germans
Polish Ghettoes
• Surrounded by high walls and barbed wire,
the Jewish ghettoes in Poland were not very
nice. In addition to widespread
unemployment, poverty and hunger,
overpopulation which made it easy to get
diseases like typhus
Murder of the Disabled
• Meanwhile, beginning in the fall of 1939, Nazi
officials took around 70,000 Germans and
then imprisoned for mental illness or
disabilities so they could be gassed to death.
After important German religious leaders
protested, Hitler put an end to the program in
August 1941, but killings of the disabled
continued in secret, and by 1945 some
275,000 people who were handicapped from
all over Europe had been murder
Jews Moved To Concentration Camps
• Beginning in late 1941, the Germans began very large
transports from the ghettoes in Poland to the
concentration camps, starting with those people viewed as
the least useful: the sick, old and weak and the very young.
The first mass gassings began at the camp of Belzec, near
Lublin, on March 17, 1942. Five more mass killing centers
were built at camps in Poland, including Chelmno, Sobibor,
Treblinka, Majdanek and the largest of all, AuschwitzBirkenau. From 1942 to 1945, Jews were deported to the
camps from all over Europe, including German-controlled
territory as well as those countries allied with Germany.
The most deportations took place during the summer and
fall of 1942, when more than 300,000 people were
deported from the Warsaw ghetto alone
Failure to Keep a Secret
• Even though the Nazis tried to keep the camps
secret, the scale of the killing made that almost
impossible. Eyewitnesses brought reports of Nazi
horrors, in Poland to the Allied governments, who
were criticized after the war for their lack of
response, or to publicize news of the mass
slaughter. This lack of action was due to the Allied
forces focus on winning the war, but was also a
result of the general disbelief of news of the
Holocaust.
Continued
• At Auschwitz alone, more than 2 million people
were murdered. A large population of Jewish and
non-Jewish inmates worked in the labor camp
there; though only Jews were gassed, thousands
of others died of starvation or disease. During the
summer of 1944, even as the beginning of the
end for Germany in the war had begun, a large
proportion of Hungary’s Jewish population was
deported to Auschwitz, and as many as 12,000
Jews were killed every day.
Final Solution
• To facilitate the "Final Solution", the Nazis
established killing centers in Poland, the country
with the largest Jewish population. The killing
centers were designed for mass murder.
Chelmno, the first killing center, opened in
December 1941. Jews and gypsies were gassed in
mobile gas vans there. In 1942, the Nazis opened
the Belzec, Sobibor, and Treblinka killing centers
to systematically murder the Jews of the
Generalgouvernement which is the territory in
the interior of occupied Poland.
Gas Chambers
• The Nazis constructed gas chambers which are
rooms that filled with poison gas to kill those
inside to increase killing efficiency and to
make the process more impersonal for the
murderers. At the Auschwitz camp complex,
the Birkenau killing center had four gas
chambers. During the height of deportations
to the camp, up to 6,000 Jews on average
were gassed there each day.
The Largest and Most Horrible
• The Auschwitz concentration camp was the
largest of its kind established by the Nazis. It
included three main camps, all of which
deployed incarcerated prisoners at forced
labor. One of them also functioned for an
extended period as a killing center. This is the
place where the most Jews were killed daily.
The Video
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yj2Afufd
9Cs
Question 1
What year did the Holocaust start?
Answer 1
• 1933
Question 2
• What was the largest killing
center/concentration camp?
Answer 2
• Auschwitz
Question 3
• Name 2 groups that were persecuted other
than Jews.
Answer 3
• Gypsies/Roma, Physically disabled, Mentally
disabled, Gays/Lesbians.
Question 4
• Roughly how many Jewish people were gassed
at Auschwitz everyday on average?
Answer 4
• 6000
Question 5
• What was the first killing center?
Answer 5
• Chelmno
Question 6
• Who was the Nazi leader that initialized the
final solution?
Answer 6
• You really shouldn’t need an answer for this
but Adolf Hitler
Question 7
• In your opinion how has the Holocaust left its
matk on the world?
Answer 7
• It’s an opinion based question do it yourself.
That’s all Folks!
Bibliography
"The Holocaust." History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 20
May 2014.
"Introduction to the Holocaust." United States Holocaust Memorial
Museum. United States Holocaust Memorial Council, 10 June 2013.
Web. 20 May 2014.
"Nazi Camps." United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. United
States Holocaust Memorial Council, 10 June 2013. Web. 20 May 2014.
"Auschwitz." United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. United
States Holocaust Memorial Council, 10 June 2013. Web. 20 May 2014.