Download ch 8 Age Structure Diagrams

1.3 billion
1.5 billion
1.1 billion
1.4 billion
China
India
300 million
349 million
USA
Indonesia
Brazil
Pakistan
Bangladesh
Russia
Nigeria
Japan
225 million
264 million
187 million
229 million
166 million
229 million
147 million
190 million
142 million
130 million
135 million
199 million
128 million
121 million
2006
2025
The
world’s 10
most
populous
countries
in 2006
with
projections
into 2025.
Fig. 9-4, p. 174
Average crude
birth rate
Average crude
death rate
21
World
9
All developed
countries
All developing
countries
Developing
countries
(w/o China)
11
10
23
8
27
9
Fig. 9-3, p. 174
Percentage of world
population
20%
1.1 billion
1.3 billion
1.4 billion
1.6 billion
Population
Population (2050 estimate)
Illiteracy (% of adults)
Total fertility rate
Infant mortality rate
47%
17%
36%
Population under age 15 (%)
Population growth rate (%)
20%
1.6%
0.6%
2.9 children per women (down from 5.3 in 1970)
1.6 children per women (down from 5.7 in 1972)
58
27
62 years
70 years
Life expectancy
Percent living below $2/day
GDP PPP per capita
India
China
17%
80
47
$3,120
$5,890
Fig. 9-15, p. 186
Age Structure of a Population
o
o
The number and proportion of people at each
age in a population
Broken down by age groups
Age Structure of Specific Countries
AGE STRUCTURE
Populations with a large proportion of its
people in the preproductive ages 1-14 have a
large potential for rapid population growth.
Figure 9-9
Age Structure of US Baby Boomers
Today, baby boomers make up nearly half of all
adult Americans.
Figure 9-11
Uses of Age Structure diagrams
•
•
•
Can see distribution of people by age of the
present population*
Can predict future growth of the same
population*
population growth momentum explains
how the present age distribution affects the
future growth of a population
•
Positive population growth momentum
•
Negative population growth momentum
*Why is this important to know?
Expansive/rapid growth
•
•
•
Histogram shaped like a pyramid.
Birth rate exceeds the death rate.
Population is getting larger.
Kenya, Nigeria and Saudi Arabia.
Stable or Slow Growth
•
•
•
Histogram shape is straighter and more
box-like, until higher ages
Birth rate almost equals death rate
Population not getting any larger or
growing very slowly
US, Australia, Canada have slow
Denmark, Austria, France, Italy have stable
Declining or Negative growth
•
•
Histogram narrows toward the bottom
Death rate exceeds birth rate
Germany, Bulgaria, Hungary, Greece,
Sweeden
World-wide
o
o
29% of human
population is under
age 15
Could cause large
increase in birth
rates