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Pectoralis Major Origin: • Sternal head ◦ Anterior surface of the sternum, the superior six costal cartilages (2nd to 6th ribs), and the aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle • Clavicular head ◦ Anterior surface of the medial half of the clavicle. Insertion: • Sternal head ◦ Intertubercular groove of the proximal, anterior humerus • Clavicular head ◦ Intertubercular groove of the proximal, anterior humerus Major Arteries: • Pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial (trunk) artery Neural Innervation: • Sternal head ◦ Lateral & medial pectoral nerves C7-C8 & T1 • Clavicular head ◦ Lateral & medial pectoral nerves C5-C6 Physiology Concentric Functions: • Sternal head ◦ Transverse flexion, adduction, internal rotation, adduction & extension of the shoulder • Clavicular head ◦ Transverse flexion, adduction, internal rotation, adduction, flexion & abduction of the shoulder Eccentric Functions: • Decelerates shoulder extension, horizontal abduction and external rotation Isometric Function: • Assists in dynamically stabilizing the shoulder complex during overhead movements
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