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Planning for Operations
SKA Engineering Meeting 2015
Prof. Gary Davis
10th November 2015
The Operations Planning Team
Corrie Taljaard
Engineering Operations
Antonio Chrysostomou
Science Operations
Gary Davis
Director
The Operations Planning Team
Director
General
Head of
Project
Director of
Ops Planning
team
team
Outline
• Previous work
• The big issues
• Current work
– Operations concept
– Operations plan
– Data flow
• Future work
Previous Work
Concept of Operations
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Operations Working
Group (chaired by
Douglas Bock)
Rev 02 issued May
2015
Previous Work
Operational Principles
Approved 25th July 2013
Amended 29th October 2013
Previous Work
Operational Principles
3. The purpose of the SKA Observatory will be to
enable scientists to pursue world-leading scientific
programmes, to organise and conduct
improvements and upgrades of the SKA
telescopes in order to provide and maintain
facilities that are at the forefront of science and
technology, and to ensure the protection of the
SKA sites for the SKA and future radio telescopes.
Previous Work
Operational Principles
6. The expected lifetime of the SKA Observatory is
50 years.
Previous Work
Access Principles
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based on scientific merit
single time-allocation process
proportional to contribution
limited access for non-member states
data products to be made globally available after a
suitable proprietary period
…policy to be defined in detail
The Big Issues
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Late start to operations planning
Structure of the organisation 
Hosting arrangements in AUS/RSA
Role of Regional Centres 
Challenge of “Big Data” 
Reliability & maintenance 
Power
Operations budget 
Precursors: integration of MeerKAT and
operational experience
Current Work
Operational Model
• support both large, multi-year programmes (KSPs)
and conventional PI projects
• 24-hour operation; service observing; automated,
flexible observing queue
• “observing factory”
• ToOs and transients; subarrays and commensality
• high level of user support
• on-the-fly maintenance and repair
• RFI constraints; minimal staff on site
Current Work
Logistics Engineering
• availability requirement: >95% capacity for >90% of
the time
• modelling of failure modes and reliability
• to inform maintenance plan and staffing
requirements
• RAM report and FMECA reports are CDR
deliverables
• two new draft documents to be issued imminently:
– Support Concept
– RAM Allocations
RAM/ILS Modelling and
Maintenance Planning
Wed 13:30
Current Work
Operations Concept Document
• to describe operational model
• to specify additional Level-1 requirements from the
operations perspective
• draft to be issued soon for comment – input from
design consortia welcome
• Operations Concept Review planned Q1 2016
• approval of new requirements through ECP process
Current Work
Operations Plan
– Contents:
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Operational model
Structure of the organisation 
Staffing
Budget 
– For presentation to the Board along with
Construction Proposal (Jan 2018)
Structure of the Organisation
• Unique challenge
• globally-distributed project
• return on investment
• no perfect solution
• Status
• discussed at Board in July
• going to Board next week for approval
• Context
• steady-state operations
• SKA1 designed, built, commissioned and fully operational
(2023 on current planning)
• assume IGO is in place
Structure of the Organisation
• Some relevant principles:
• The SKA is one observatory and must present a
single, seamless interface to the user community.
– the “one observatory” model
• The structure should be designed to optimise the
operation.
• Duplication of staff should be minimised. Common
functions should be based at the GHQ.
• CSIRO and SKA-SA will have built up experience of
operating telescopes on the two sites; SKA must
retain access to this experience.
Structure of the Organisation
SKA
Observatory
Observatory
Operations
Corporate
Functions
Development
Programme
Structure of the Organisation
SKA
Observatory
Observatory
Operations
Corporate
Functions
Development
Programme
SKAO
AUS Office
GHQ
SKAO
RSA Office
Structure of the Organisation
SKA
Observatory
AUS
Operator
Site &
engineering
operations
Observatory
Operations
Corporate
Functions
Development
Programme
SKAO
AUS Office
GHQ
SKAO
RSA Office
Science operations
RSA
Operator
Site &
engineering
operations
Structure of the Organisation
SKA
Observatory
AUS
Operator
Observatory
Operations
Corporate
Functions
Development
Programme
SKAO
AUS Office
GHQ
SKAO
RSA Office
Science
Processing
Centre
Science
Processing
Centre
RSA
Operator
Structure of the Organisation
SKA
Observatory
Data
centres
AUS
Operator
Development
centres
Observatory
Operations
Corporate
Functions
Development
Programme
SKAO
AUS Office
GHQ
SKAO
RSA Office
Science
Processing
Centre
Science
Processing
Centre
RSA
Operator
Structure of the Organisation
Non-host
Members
UK
AUS
RSA
SKA
Council
SKA
Observatory
Data
centres
AUS
Operator
Development
centres
Observatory
Operations
Corporate
Functions
Development
Programme
SKAO
AUS Office
GHQ
SKAO
RSA Office
Science
Processing
Centre
Science
Processing
Centre
RSA
Operator
Structure of the Organisation
Non-host
Members
UK
AUS
RSA
SKA
Council
SKA
Observatory
Data
centres
AUS
Site Entity
AUS
Operator
Development
centres
Observatory
Operations
Corporate
Functions
Development
Programme
SKAO
AUS Office
GHQ
SKAO
RSA Office
Science
Processing
Centre
Science
Processing
Centre
RSA
Operator
RSA
Site Entity
Structure of the Organisation
Non-host
Members
UK
AUS
UK
Site Entity
AUS
Site Entity
AUS
Operator
SKA
Council
SKA
Observatory
Data
centres
Development
centres
Observatory
Operations
Corporate
Functions
Development
Programme
SKAO
AUS Office
GHQ
SKAO
RSA Office
Science
Processing
Centre
RSA
Science
Processing
Centre
RSA
Operator
RSA
Site Entity
Structure of the Organisation
Non-host
Members
UK
AUS
UK
Site Entity
AUS
Site Entity
AUS
Operator
SKA
Council
SKA
Observatory
Data
centres
Development
centres
Observatory
Operations
Corporate
Functions
Development
Programme
SKAO
AUS Office
GHQ
SKAO
RSA Office
Science
Processing
Centre
RSA
Science
Processing
Centre
RSA
Operator
RSA
Site Entity
Operations Budget
• Strategy
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bottom-up approach
opex estimate was a PDR deliverable from consortia
designs should minimise whole-life costs
additional costs to be estimated
PDR-level estimate to be presented to Board in April 2016
updates to every subsequent Board meeting
final, CDR-level estimate will be presented to Board for
approval along with Construction Proposal (January 2018)
• Budget team
• me, Douglas Bock (AUS), Adrian Tiplady (RSA)
Current Work
Operational Principles
20. The SKA Observatory will calibrate SKA data and
make science-ready data and ancillary products
available to the users.
21. The SKA Observatory will provide an archive with
a data management system to support dataintensive astronomy.
22. The SKA Observatory will provide user support
and tools to enable exploitation of SKA data.
Current Work
Data Flow
• construction project capped at €650M
• scope of work includes generation and storage of
data products in AUS/RSA
• it does not include delivery of data to users or
further processing
• essential for full science exploitation of the SKA
• Data Flow Advisory Panel set up by Board in July
• will report back to Board in April 2016
• ToR distributed to consortia
Current Work
• Panel members:
Australia
Sarah Pearce
Peter Quinn
Canada
Chris Loken
China
Meng Zhao
India
Niruj Mohan
Italy
Sergio Molinari
Netherlands & Sweden
Michael Wise
New Zealand
Melanie Johnston-Hollitt
South Africa
UK
SKA Office
Jasper Horrell
Russ Taylor
Paul Alexander
Gary Davis
Miles Deegan
Ian Bird
External
Jack Dongarra
Brian Glendenning
Future Work
• Operations & Access Working Group
• to develop input to IGO negotiations
• led by Sarah Pearce, CSIRO
• Science commissioning
• Early Science
• Best practice
2016