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Ch. 14 Periodic Trends
Atomic Size
– Quantum mechanical model doesn’t
sharply define boundary to limit size
– Atomic radius: ½ the distance between
nuclei of 2 like atoms in a diatomic
molecule
•
Atomic
radius
•
Atomic size (cont.)
Atomic Size Increasing
Atomic Size (cont.)
“Fatty
Francium”
Atomic Size Increasing
Ionic Size Increase
Cations Increase
Anions Increase
Atomic Size
Ionic Size
Trick to Remember
Periodic Table
of the
Elements
Fr
“Fatty Francium”
Atomic Size
Ionic Size
Ionization Energy
– The energy required to remove an e- from a
gaseous atom is called the ionization energy.
– As you move from left to right across the
periodic table the ionization energy increases
b/c of the octet rule
• Octet Rule: 8 e- in atom’s last energy level. (s2 + p6)
- Noble Gases: highest ionization energies, don’t want to lose eLi doesn’t take much energy to lose eF want to gain an e- , therefore takes large amount of energy to pull off
an e-
Ionization Energy (cont.)
Ionization Energy Increase
Ionization Energy Increase
Electronegativity
• The electronegativity of an element is the
tendency for the atoms to attract e- when they
are chemically combined with another element
• Noble Gases have NO electronegativity b/c they
don’t gain e• Increase from left to right b/c of octet rule
• Decrease when move down a group b/c of
shielding effect
Electronegativity (cont.)
Electronegativity Increase
Electronegativity Increase
Summary of Trends
“Friendly
Fluorine”
Periodic Table
of the
Elements
Atomic Size Increasing
Fr
“Fatty
Francium”
Ionic Size Increasing
F
Electronegativity Increase
Atomic Size Increasing
Ionization Energy Increase
Ionization Energy Increase
Ionic Size Increasing
Electronegativity Increase