Download 1.3 Forces Shaping the Earth

1.3 Forces Shaping the Earth
Section Objectives
 Describe the layers found
within the Earth.
 Discuss the forces that
change the earth’s surface.
I. Inside the Earth
http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/inside.html
I. Inside the Earth
A. The inside of the earth is
made up of 3 layers. The
core consists of hot iron
mixed with other metals &
rock.
I. Inside the Earth
B. The mantle is a layer of
rock surrounding the core.
I. Inside the Earth
C. When a volcano erupts,
melted rock called
magma flows to the earth’s
surface.
I. Inside the Earth
D. The crust is the upper layer
of the earth. The crust
includes the ocean floors
as well as the 7 land
continents.
II. Forces Beneath the Earth’s Crust
A. Plate tectonics is a theory
that the earth’s crust is
made up of plates. These
plates can move away
from, push against, or slide
alongside the other.
II. Forces Beneath the Earth’s Crust
II. Forces Beneath the Earth’s Crust
B. The pressure between 2
plates may cause 1 plate
to move suddenly, resulting
in an earthquake.
Underwater earthquakes
can create huge waves
called tsunamis.
http://teacher.scholastic.com
http://teacher.scholastic.com
II. Forces Beneath the Earth’s Crust
C. 2 plates moving alongside
each other create cracks
in the earth’s crust, or
faults.
III. Forces Shaping Landforms
http://csider.pumasonline.com/assignmts/assignmt_files/ec_investigation/ec_investigation_of_landforms.htm
III. Forces Shaping Landforms
A. Weathering is the breaking
of surface rock into
boulders, gravel, sand, and
soil. Water & frost,
chemicals, & even plants
can cause weathering.
III. Forces Shaping Landforms
B. The process of wearing
away or moving the
weathered material is
called erosion. Erosion can
be caused by water, wind,
or ice. Giant sheets of ice
are known as glaciers.