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Weather Maps Earth and Space Background 1. What is weather? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 2. What three factors interact to result in weather systems? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 3. What are some of the tools that are used to collect and record weather data? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ Part I: Air Lift 1. Write your prediction about what will happen if you hit the board. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 2. Write your observations about what actually happened when you hit the board. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 3. What is the surface area of the chart paper? ________________________________________ 4. Air exerts approximately 14.5 pounds of pressure per square inch. How do you calculate the amount of air pressure that is pushing down on the chart paper? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 5. When collecting weather data, air pressure is measured using a barometer. Look at the class barometer. What is the current air pressure? ____________________________________________________________________________ 1 Weather Maps Earth and Space Part II: High and Low Pressure Systems 1. What is a high pressure area? How are they represented on a weather map? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 2. What type of weather is associated with high pressure areas? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 3. What is a low pressure area? How are they represented on a weather map? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 4. What type of weather is associated with low pressure areas? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ For each Map Set (A, B, and C) determine the best location to place one H and one L to locate the center of the HIGH and LOW pressure systems shown on the satellite image, and then duplicate the placement on the corresponding outline map. 5. Map Set A 6. How does the high pressure area shown on Map Set A affect Texas weather conditions? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 2 Weather Maps Earth and Space Part II: High and Low Pressure Systems, continued 7. Map Set B 8. How do temperatures of the low pressure area on Map Set B affect possible precipitation to that area? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 9. Map Set C 10. Use the terms “high pressure system” and “low pressure system” to describe current weather conditions using Map Set C in west Texas and on the Gulf Coast. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 3 Weather Maps Earth and Space Part III: Air Masses and Fronts 1. In the space below, draw your observations for the demonstration frontal boundaries. 2. What does the water represent in the demonstration? ________________________________ 3. Describe how the cold water moved in the tank. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 4. Describe how the warm water moved in the tank. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 5. If the water represents the air in the lower atmosphere, what does this model show about the affect of heating and cooling air? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 6. When two differing air masses meet at a frontal boundary, the cold air pushes under the warm air since it is more dense. As the warm air is pushed upward, it starts to cool. When it cools, the moisture in the air mass condenses and creates clouds and generally thunderstorms. Draw this situation below. 4 Weather Maps Earth and Space Part IV: Four Types of Fronts Cold Fronts 1. On the cross section diagram of the cold front below: leave the developing cloud system white, shade the ground brown, the cold air mass blue, and the warm air mass red. 2. Use the graphic and information from the Student Guide to explain why a band of heavy clouds form at the leading edge of a cold front and can cause intense storms, but usually of short duration. ____________________________________________________________________________ 3. Locate the cold front symbol and point A on the map. What are current weather conditions at point A? ________________________________________ ________________________________________ 4. Locate point B on the map. What are the current temperature and cloud cover conditions at point B? ________________________________________ ________________________________________ 5. Locate point C on the map. Compare the current temperature conditions between points B and C. ____________________________________________________________________________ 6. What will weather conditions be like at point C several days from now after the front passes? Explain why. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 5 Weather Maps Earth and Space Part IV: Four Types of Fronts, continued Warm Fronts 1. On the cross section diagram of the warm front below: leave the developing cloud system white, shade the ground brown, the cold air mass blue, and the warm air mass red. 2. Use the graphic and information from the Student Guide to explain why bands of scattered clouds form at the leading edge of a warm front and can cause continued showers for several days. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 3. Locate the warm front symbol and point A on the map. What are current weather conditions at point A? ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ 4. Locate point B on the map. What are the current weather conditions at point B? ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ 5. Locate point C on the map. How will weather conditions change at point C on the map in the next day or two? Explain why. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 6 Weather Maps Earth and Space Part IV: Four Types of Fronts, continued Stationary Fronts 1. On the cross section diagram of the stationary front below: leave the developing cloud system white, shade the ground brown, the cold air mass blue, and the warm air mass red. 2. Use the graphic and information from the Student Guide to explain why clouds and precipitation occur at a stationary front and can linger. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 3. Locate the stationary front symbol and point A on the map. What are current weather conditions at point A? ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ 4. Locate point B on the map. What are the current weather conditions at point B? ________________________________________ ________________________________________ 5. What will weather conditions likely be two days from now at point A and point B on the map? Explain why. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 7 Weather Maps Earth and Space Part IV: Four Types of Fronts, continued Occluded Fronts 1. On the cross section diagram of the occluded front below: leave the developing cloud system white, shade the ground brown, the cold air mass blue, and the warm air mass red. 2. Use the graphic and information from the Student Guide to explain why clouds and stormy conditions occur at a occluded front. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 3. Locate the occluded front symbol and point A on the map. What are current weather conditions at point A? ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ 4. Locate point B on the map. What are the current weather conditions at point B? ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ 5. How will weather conditions change at point B on the map in the next day or two? Explain why. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 8 Weather Maps Earth and Space Reflections and Conclusions 1. What three factors influence our day-to-day weather? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 2. What type of heat transfer is most common in our atmosphere? Explain. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 3. What is air pressure? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 4. Describe a high pressure air system and its resulting weather conditions. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 5. Describe a low pressure air system and its resulting weather conditions. ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 6. Fill in the data table based on the four types of fronts. Type of Front Map Symbol Resulting Weather Conditions Cold Front Warm Front Stationary Front Occluded Front 9
