Download Learning Objectives for Chapter 3 1. Identify the components of a

Learning Objectives for Chapter 3
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
Identify the components of a neuron (including the synapse).
Describe the myelin sheath and identify the cell of which it is composed.
Distinguish among different types of neurons in the brain.
Explain how the resting potential of the neuron results from the distribution of ions inside
and outside the cell.
Describe the action potential and explain what causes it.
Distinguish between presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons.
Using the six steps of synaptic transmission, describe how neurons communicate with one
another through chemical signals.
Identify the major neurotransmitters and describe their functions; note the major/primary
(most abundant) excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters.
Distinguish between agonists and antagonists.
Describe the basic organization of the nervous system and the functions of each division.
Identify the basic regions of the hindbrain and describe their functions.
Identify the basic regions of the midbrain and describe their functions.
Describe the functions of the following subcortical structures: thalamus, hypothalamus, and
pituitary gland.
Identify the components of the limbic system and describe their functions.
Describe the cerebral cortex and its characteristics; identify its four major lobes on a
diagram and explain their functions.
Define plasticity and provide several examples.
Describe the prenatal development of the central nervous system.
Discuss the evolution of the human nervous system.
Describe findings about the brain from studies of people with brain damage, including areas
of the left hemisphere involved in language processing.
Describe findings on the roles of the hemispheres from studies of patients who have
undergone a slit-brain procedure; identify the structure that is severed in this operation.
Name and distinguish between the structural and functional brain imaging techniques.
Explain how transcranial magnetic stimulation is used experimentally to study causal
relations between brain activity and behavior.
Learning Objectives for Chapter 4 (pp. 133-141)
1. Discuss why sensory adaptation is a useful process.
2. Compare the physical dimensions of wavelength, amplitude, and purity with their
psychological counterparts, hue, brightness, and saturation.
3. Define the anatomical structures of the human eye and describe the path that light follows
through it.
4. Distinguish between rods and cones and discuss how their relative concentrations around
the fovea contribute to phototransduction in the retina; explain why there is a blind spot.
5. Describe how receptive fields work in vision.
6. Distinguish between additive and subtractive color mixing.
7. Describe how we perceive color by trichromatic color representation and color-opponent
(opponent-process) representation.