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CRANIAL NERVE Olfactory (I) Optic (II) Oculomotor (III) Trochlear (IV) Trigeminal (V) Ophthalmic Maxillary Mandibular Abducens (VI) Facial (VII) Vestibulo‐
cochlear (VIII) Glosso‐
pharyngeal (IX) Vagus (X) Spinal Accessory (XI) Hypoglossal (XII) FORAMINA PERIPHERAL PATHWAY (origin and destination) olfactory epithelium (nose) → olfactory bulbs retina → diencephalon FUNCTION sensory: smell sensory: vision mesencephalon → most eye muscles motor: eye movement mesencephalon → superior oblique motor: eye movement upper eyelid/face  pons mid face  pons lower face  pons pons  mastication muscles pons → lateral rectus sensory: forehead, nose, nasal cavity, etc. sensory: lower eyelid, upper teeth/lip, cheek, nose, sensory: tongue, lower teeth/lip chin, mastication muscles motor: chewing, etc. motor: eye abduction pons ↔ facial muscles, anterior tongue inner ear → pons, medulla sensory: taste motor: muscles of scalp/ear sensory: balance, equilibrium, and hearing posterior tongue, carotid art., sensory: taste, blood pressure, blood oxygen. pharynx ↔ medulla motor: swallowing sensory: viscera, pharynx heart, pharynx, viscera ↔ motor: heart, gut medulla medulla/spinal cord → neck motor: neck and back muscles and back muscles medulla → tongue muscles motor: tongue musculature