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Scientific Theory
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Plate Tectonics
o There are 8 major tectonic plates and a bunch of minor plates that make up the Earth’s
lithosphere. The theory states that these plates are constantly moving at centimeters
per year. The plates are floating on a layer of molten rock, the asthenosphere.
Continental Drift
o The continents were once together forming a supercontinent, Pangea. Over time the
continents have drifted apart. There is much evidence that supports this theory. There
have been rocks found on two different continents that match. Also South American
and Africa look to “fit” together.
Atomic Theory
o The Theory states
 All matter is made of atoms. Atoms are indivisible and indestructible.
 All atoms of a given element are identical in mass and properties
 Compounds are formed by a combination of two or more different kinds of
atoms.
Cell Theory
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The Theory states
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All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.
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The cell is the most basic unit of life.
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All cells arise from pre-existing, living cells.
Scientific Law
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Law of Gravity
o Two bodies in the universe are attracted to one another proportionately to their mass
and distance from one another.
Newton’s 3 Laws
o 1st Law- The first law says that an object at rest tends to stay at rest, and an object in
motion tends to stay in motion, unless acted on by an outside object.
 Law of inertia
o 2nd Law- The greater the mass of the object being accelerated the greater the amount
of force needed to accelerate the object.
o 3rd Law- for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
Law of superposition
o Any undisturbed sequence of rocks deposited in layers, the youngest layer is on top and
the oldest on the bottom.