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Constructed-Response Essay on the Counter Reformation Objectives of the Council of Trent (1545 – 1563) Condemn the principles and doctrines of Protestantism Clarify the doctrines of the Catholic Church Reform discipline and administration to prevent corruption within the Church Establish the Catholic Church as the ultimate interpreter of scripture with the Latin Bible the official scripture Clarify that the relationship between faith and deeds led to salvation. Timeline of the Inquisition The inquisition were a series of trials of individuals accused of heresay (crimes against the Church) conducted by the Catholic Church clergy. Individuals were often tortured to gain “confessions” of their crimes. Individuals found guilty of these crimes faced imprisonment, house arrest, excommunication and/or death (beheading, burned at the stake, or drowned). 1478 – Pope Sixtus IV authorized, at request of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella (Spain), instituted the Spanish Inquisition focusing on Jews 1492 – Expulsion of Jews from Spain 1540 – Inquisition turns eye toward Protestants as a means of uniting the nation of Spain 1542 – Roman Catholic Church inquisition starts throughout all Catholic-held areas. 1633 – Galileo stands trial for heresay 1834 – Spanish Inquisition ends 2000 – Pope John Paul II admits that the Catholic Church had been intolerant in its “use of violence in the service of truth” and asks forgiveness. Prompt: Evaluate the effectiveness of the Catholic Church’s Counter-Reformation as outlined in the objectives of the Council of Trent.