Download Notes on the Periodic Table File

Notes: PERIODIC TABLE
• Periodic Table
– The most important chemistry reference
– Presents all the elements by showing their
similarities and differences.
Matter
⦿Anything that has mass and volume.
⦿Mass is the amount of matter in an
object.
⦿Volume is the amount of space an
object occupies.
Atoms
⦿The building blocks of matter.
⦿The smallest piece of matter with
all the properties of that matter.
The Periodic Table
Elements
• Science has come along
way since Aristotle’s
theory of Air, Water, Fire,
and Earth.
• Scientists have identified
90 naturally occurring
elements, and created
about 28 others.
• Total 118 elements
• Will there be more
elements added?
Elements
• The elements, alone or in
combinations, make up
– our bodies
– our world
– our sun
– the entire universe
Pure substance:
• made up of one type of particle/element on
periodic table
• has definite physical & chemical properties
(appearance, melting point, and reactivity).
Decoding the Periodic Table
Let’s examine just one
square to make this
easier…
8
O
Oxygen
15.9994
Atomic
Number
8
O
Oxygen
Atomic
Mass
15.9994
Chemical
Symbol
Chemical
Name
Chemical Symbol
8
O
Oxygen
15.9994
Chemical
Symbol:
First letter is
always
capitalized
Second is
always
lowercase.
Chemical Name
8
O
Oxygen
15.9994
Chemical
Name:
The name
of the
element
Atomic Number
8
O
Oxygen
15.9994
Atomic
Number:
The number
of protons in
the atom of
the element.
Protons +
Atomic Mass
8
O
Oxygen
15.9994
Atomic Mass:
The number
of protons
plus the
number of
neutrons in
an atom.
Compare the abundance of elements