Download Kingdom Plantae

Kingdom
Plantae
Kingdom Plantae
Characteristics
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Multicellular
Cell Wall Present
Autotrophs
Sessile
Sexual and Asexual
Reproduction
• Kingdom Plantae
Plant Terms and
Defining Characteristics
• Photosynthesis
The process where plants take carbon
dioxide from the air, water from the
soil, and light energy to produce
sugar and oxygen.
CO2 + H2O + Light  C6H12O6 + O2
(carbon dioxide)
(water)
(sun’s energy)
(sugar or glucose)
(oxygen)
Plant Terms and
Defining Characteristics
• Fonds, Leaves, and
Needles
Green parts of plants used to
gather light where a vast
majority of photosynthesis
occurs.
Leaves are also the place
where much of the plant’s
water is lost during
photosynthesis.
Fonds
Needles
Leaves
Plant Terms and
Defining Characteristics
• Roots
Specialized underground
parts of plants for
absorption of water and
nutrients from the soil.
Plant Terms and Defining
Characteristics
• Vascular Systems
Vascular systems allow plants to
transfer nutrients up and
down the plant. They are not
found in all plants, but are an
important evolutionary step.
Usually, water and nutrients are
carried up from the roots and
sugar is carried down from the
leaves.
Sugar
Water &
Nutrients
Plant Terms and Defining
Characteristics
• Spores
Similar to fungi, many plants
reproduce with spores.
These spores are singlecelled mini-seeds that
begin new plants.
These are most common in
mosses, ferns, and similar
groups.
Plant Terms and Defining
Characteristics
• Seeds
Sort-of like a spore with
survival packs, seeds are
baby plants with extra
nutrients to help the early
plant grow. Seeds often
also have covers to keep
them from drying out.
Plant Terms and Defining
Characteristics
• Cones
Cones are the
sexually
reproductive
organs of a
division of plants
(Coniferophyta)
where hard
woody parts
protect seeds.
Plant Terms and Defining
Characteristics
• Pollination
Since plants are sessile, they
achieve sexual
reproduction with the help
of pollinators that carry
male pollen cells to
female ovaries.
Sometimes plants use wind
or water for pollination,
other times they use motile
creatures.
Plant Terms and Defining
Characteristics
• Flowers
Flowers are the
sexually
reproductive
organs of a
division of plants
(Magnoliophyta)
where showy
colors and smells
often attract
animal pollinators.
Plant Terms and Defining
Characteristics
• Seed Dispersal
Once plant seeds are
fertilized plants use a
variety of methods
to spread the seeds
to different areas.
Wind, water, and
animal transport are
all common.
Plant Terms and Defining
Characteristics
• Fruits, Nuts & Berries
Once a flower is
pollinated, it produces
a fruit. Fruits often grow
around seeds and
attract dispersers; other
times fruits simply
protect the seeds or
help the seeds get
dispersed by wind.
Major Divisions of
Plants
• Bryophyta (mosses & allies)
• Pteridophyta (ferns and allies)
• Coniferophyta (Conifers)
• Magoliophyta (Flowering
Plants)