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HYDROGEN SULFIDE, PHOSPHATE, COOPER, CHROMIUM,
SELENIUM & ARSENIC REMOVAL MEDIA
FILTERSORB HSR®
Granular Ferric Hydroxide
Based Removal Media
WATCH FILTRATION TECHNOL OGY
Leading Manufacturer of Filtration Medias for Water Technology
®
FILTERSORB
Hydrogen Sulfide, Arsenic and Phosphates Removal in Drinking Water
Introduction
Hydrogen sulfide is a colorless gas with an offensive stench
and is said to smell like rotten eggs. The gas can be detected
at a level of 2 parts per billion. It is very erosive in a wet
state and become Sox when it is oxidized.
Physical Properties of H2S
Hydrogen sulfide has a structure similar to that of water.
This is where the similarity ends, however. Sulfur is not
nearly as electronegative as oxygen so that hydrogen sulfide
is not nearly as polar as water. Because of this, comparatively weak intermolecular forces exist for H2S and the melting
and boiling points are much lower than they are in water.
Hydrogen sulfide and water boil at - 60.7 °C and +100.0 °C,
respectively.
General Information Filtersorb HSR
Using a patented process, ferric hydroxide can now be produced in a granular form. Various bead
diameters can be made by combination of crushing and sieving procedures. This gives access to a great
variety of new applications of ferric (III) hydroxide.
The Filter media, containing iron hydroxide Fe(OH)3 has an amorphous structure. The ferric ions
content in the filtering media is about 40% by weigh.
Because of its chemical activity, ferric (III) hydroxide is quite appropriate to bind arsenate, phosphate or
sulfide ions in aqueous media. Due to internal high pH of media it has an additional effect of the reaction with H2S and can reach oxidation capacity up to 20% by its dry weight.
Operation Principles
Arsenic and Phosphate removal
In a first step arsenate or phosphate ions in aqueous solutions were adsorptively bounded to the
surface of Filtersorb HSR. Second step is a chemical conversion to stable ferric arsenate or ferric phosphate to the surface of Filtersorb HSR.
Fe(OH)3 + H3PO4 > FePO4 + 3 H2O
Fe(OH)3 + H3AsO4 > FeAsO4 + 3 H2O
Hydrogen Sulfide removal
Sulfide ions formed from hydrogen sulfide in water are removed in a similar way under precipitation of
hardly soluble ferric sulfide.
2 Fe(OH)3 + 3 H2S > Fe2S3 + 6 H2O
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Hydrogen Sulfide, Arsenic and Phosphates Removal in Drinking Water
Filtersorb HSR
Chemical formula and composition: Amorphous Fe(OH)3
Mineralogical composition: Up to 40% of Ferric Ions from its weight
Physico-Mechanical properties:
Bulk weight
640 kg/m3
2
Free board down flow
50-75%
Bed depth up flow
50-100%
Specific surface
270 m /g
Free board up flow
10-50%
Colour
dark brown
Service flow rate
10-20 m/h
Mesh size
0,5-2,0 mm, 2,0-4,0 mm
Back wash flow rate
25-30 m/h
4+
Total adsorbtion capacity as P
Total adsorption capacity as As
5+
15 g/kg
12 g/kg
Operation condition and exchange capacity:
Oxidation capacity as H2S
up to 20% of its dry weight
Bed depth down flow
pH
5-9
450-850 mm
Application:
• Water treatment: Filtersorb HSR media is applicable in a
wide range of water treatment processes, from large-scale
municipal systems to small-scale residential treatment units.
Regardless of the system size, there are operational design
parameters that must be considered to ensure effective,
trouble free performance of the Filtersorb HSR media.
Groundwater or surface water is simply pumped in down
flow mode through a single or multiple fixed bed pressure
vessel containing the Filtersorb HSR media, but it can be
also used successfully in up flow filtration. In down flow
filtration is recommended to use oxygen dosing for better
oxidation. It is also being used in systems to remove Chromium, Cooper, Selenium.
The multiple pressure vessel design is either assembled in
Parallel Flow or Series flow. Flow to each vessel is measured
and totalized to record the volume of water treated. Pressure
differential through each vessel is also monitored.
Periodic backwashing is typically performed at start-up and
after each pressure drop of 0,5-1,0 Bar thereafter depending
on usage and water quality.
• Elimination of Arsenic from drinking water
• Binding of Phosphates from rivers and lakes
• Oxydation of Hydrogen Sulfide in water
• Treatment of contaminated ground water
• Filter beds for the separation of phosphates
compounds In wet lands
• “Reactive barriers” for the confinement of
contamination In depositions
• Binding of nutritive substances in aquarium or
garden pond treatment
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