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The Rock Cycle 8-3.4 Explain how igneous, sedimentary, & metamorphic rocks are interrelated in the rock cycle. Rocks EQ: 8-3.4 How are igneous, sedimentary, & metamorphic rocks formed? Igneous Rocks • How are igneous rocks formed? • when molten rock cools & hardens • How is an intrusive igneous rock formed? • cooling & hardening of magma takes place slowly beneath Earth’s surface • How is an extrusive igneous rock formed? • cooling & hardening of lava takes place rapidly on Earth’s surface Sedimentary Rock Terms • sediments: rock pieces, mineral grains, or shell fragments • compaction: process that presses sediments together • cementation: process in which dissolved minerals crystallize & glue particles of sediment together • deposition: process by which sediment settles out of water or wind carrying it Sediments • How are sediments • through the process of weathering & erosion of formed? rocks exposed at the Earth’s surface AND • from the chemical deposition of materials that were once dissolved in water Sedimentary Rocks • sedimentary rocks: • chemical sedimentary rocks: • formed from the compaction &/or cementation of sediments • formed from minerals separated from a solution (precipitated) or left behind by evaporation Metamorphic Rocks • How are metamorphic rocks formed? • when rocks are changed into different kinds of rocks by great heat and/or pressure & folding or chemically changed by contact with hot fluids How Rocks May Look • Igneous: shiny, crystals, holes • Sedimentary: rock pieces, fossils, shell fragments • Metamorphic: stripes, folds Rock Cycle FS: 8-3.4 Explain how igneous, sedimentary, & metamorphic rocks are interrelated in the rock cycle. The Rock Cycle • What is the rock cycle? • an ongoing process that illustrates the series of a natural processes that slowly change rocks from one kind to another over time • How are rocks classified? • by how they are formed Ex. of the Rock Cycle • 1. How does lava become an igneous rock? • 2. How does an igneous rock become a sedimentary rock? • 3. How does a sedimentary rock become a metamorphic rock? • 4. How does a metamorphic rock become lava? ` • Lava cools & hardens (igneous) Then, weathering & erosion of rock takes place to form sediments. Sediments deposit, compact &/or cement (sedimentary) Next, heat & pressure occurs (metamorphic) Finally, rock melts (lava) World of Rocks • www.albany.edu/dept/sisp/jjpowers/WebC ollabS05/rocks/index2.html