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Earth’s Mantle & Core
By: Tala Barcena
missiongalacticfreedom/
Mantle (CK-12 2016)
 2 important things
-hot
-made of solid rock
 Dense, dark, hot minerals
CK-12.org/
 4 layers
-Upper mantle (Lithosphere & Asthenosphere)
-Transition zone
-Lower mantle
-D” (D double-prime) (National Geographic 2016)
Mantle Formation (National Geographic 2016)
 4.5 billion years ago
 Iron and Nickel
 Early Mantle
minerals.com/
 “Outgassing” (outgas)
 Silicates
Where can the Mantle be found?
 Bulk of Earth’s Interior
 Lies between the core and the crust
 2 900 km (1 802 miles)
 84% of Earth’s total volume
(National Geographic 2016)
extremetech.com/
Importance of the Mantle (Universe Today 2016)
 Tectonic Plates
 Shaping of Earth’s Surface
 84% Earth’s total volume
 67% of it’s mass
Core (National Geographic 2016)
 2 900 km (1802 miles)
 Radius of 3 485 km (2 165 miles)
 Very hot and dense
 Center of our planet
 Outer Core
 Inner Core
 Metal (CK-12 2016)
Outer Core
 Border
 Ball shaped layer
 Alloy (Nickel and Iron)
(Wonderopolis 2016)
 2 200 km (1 3 67 miles) thick
 4 500-5 500 Celsius (8 132-9 932 Fahrenheit)
 Low viscosity
(National Geographic 2016)
Inner Core
 Made primarily of Iron
 Hot dense ball
 Mostly solid
 Radius of 1 220 km (758
miles)
 Iron in the core is hotter
 Intense pressure
 5 200 Celsius (9 392
Fahrenheit)
(Wonderopolis 2016)
 Nearly 3.6 atmosphere atm
(National Geographic 2016)
Formation of the Core
 Uniform ball
 Radioactive decay
 Planetary formation
 After 500 million years
 Iron Catastrophe
 Planetary differentiation
(National Geographic 2016)
References:
Mantle
Cain, F “Earth’s Mantle.” Universe Today. 2016 Universe Today. 24 December 2015.31
August 2016< http://www.universetoday.com/26717/earths-mantle/# >
Khosla, N. “Earth’s Mantle.” CK-12. CK-12 Foundation 2016. 30
August 2016< http://www.ck12.org/earth-science/Earths-Mantle/lesson/Earths-Mantle- HSES/?referrer=concept_details>
Stone, G. “mantle.” National Geographic. 1996-2016 National Geographic Society. 30
August 2016<http://nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/mantle/>
Core
Koshla, N. “Earth’s Core.” CK-12. CK-12 Foundation 2016. 30
August 2016< http://www.ck-12.org/earth-science/Earths-Core/lesson/Earths-Core-HS-ES/
?referrer=concept_details>
NCFL. “What is Earth’s Core made of?.” Wonderopolis. 2014-2016 National Center for Families
Learning. 31 August 2016<http://wonderopolis.org/wonder/what-is-earths-core-made-of>
Stone, G. “Core.” National Geographic. 1996-2016 National Geographic Society. 29
August 2016<http://nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/core/ >
Reference for Images:
www.extremetech.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/20/earcut.jpg
htttps://missiongalacticfreedom.files-wordress.com/2015/01/the-core5132ca36c773.jpg
www.collecting-rocks-and-minerals.com/image-files/single-chain-silicates.jpg
www.ck-12.org/earth-science/Earths-Mantle/lesson/Earths-Mantle-HSES/?referrer=concept _details