Download Rocks and Plate Tectonics

Name: ______________________ Class: _________________ Date: _________
Rocks and Plate Tectonics
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. What is a naturally occurring, solid mass of mineral or mineral-like matter?
a. a rock
c. lava
b. a mineral
d. a fossil
2. Which of the following is NOT considered to be a rock?
a. coal
c. pumice
b. sandstone
d. lava
3. Which of the following is NOT one of the three types of rock?
a. igneous
c. sedimentary
b. magma
d. metamorphic
4. The three groups of rocks are classified by ____.
a. color
c. chemical composition
b. grain size
d. how they formed
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ID: A
Name: ______________________
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ID: A
5. In Figure 3-1, what type of rock should occur in the part of the rock cycle labeled B?
a. igneous
c. lava
b. metamorphic
d. sedimentary
6. If granite undergoes high temperatures and high pressures deep within Earth, what type of rock will be
formed? Assume that the granite does not melt.
a. a sedimentary rock
c. an organic rock
b. a metamorphic rock
d. an igneous rock
7. Where is the energy source found that drives the processes that form igneous and metamorphic rocks?
a. the sun
c. Earth’s interior
b. the wind
d. moving water
8. A rock that forms when magma hardens beneath Earth’s surface is called an ____.
a. intrusive metamorphic rock
b. intrusive igneous rock
c. extrusive sedimentary rock
d. extrusive igneous rock
9. When large masses of magma solidify far below Earth’s surface, they form igneous rocks that have
a ____.
a. glassy texture
c. fine-grained texture
b. clastic texture
d. coarse-grained texture
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Name: ______________________
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ID: A
10. As the rate of cooling of igneous rocks increases, the size of the crystals that form ____.
a. decreases
c. is not affected
b. increases
d. cannot be determined
11. A conglomerate is a rock that forms as a result of ____.
a. intense heat and pressure
c. rapid cooling
b. compaction and cementation
d. slow cooling
12. Which of the following represents the correct order of the processes involved in sedimentary rock
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formation?
a. erosion, weathering, compaction, cementation, deposition
b. compaction, cementation, deposition, weathering, erosion
c. deposition, cementation, compaction, erosion, weathering
d. weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction, cementation
What type of sedimentary rock is formed from weathered particles of rocks and minerals?
a. clastic sedimentary rock
c. chemical sedimentary rock
b. biochemical sedimentary rock
d. intrusive sedimentary rock
Fossils are only found in ____.
a. intrusive igneous rocks
c. sedimentary rocks
b. foliated metamorphic rocks
d. nonfoliated metamorphic rocks
Most metamorphic processes take place ____.
a. several hundred kilometers below Earth’s surface
b. a few kilometers below Earth’s surface
c. just below Earth’s surface
d. at Earth’s surface
The primary agent of contact metamorphism is ____.
a. flowing water
c. extreme pressure
b. heat
d. weathering
Wegener’s continental drift hypothesis stated that all the continents once joined together to
form ____.
a. two major supercontinents
b. two major supercontinents and three smaller continents
c. one major supercontinent
d. three major supercontinents
The supercontinent in the continental drift hypothesis was called ____.
a. Panthalassa
c. Mesosaurus
b. Pangaea
d. Africa
One kind of evidence that supports Wegener’s hypothesis is that ____.
a. the same magnetic directions exist on different continents
b. major rivers on different continents match
c. land bridges still exist that connect major continents
d. fossils of the same organism have been found on different continents
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Name: ______________________
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ID: A
20. Evidence about ancient climates indicates that ____.
a. glacial ice once covered much of what is now India and Australia
b. continents in the Northern Hemisphere today were once centered over the South
Pole
continents in the Southern Hemisphere today were once centered over the North
Pole
d. no continents occupied the Southern Hemisphere
The geographic distribution of the swimming reptile Mesosaurus provides evidence that ____.
a. Europe was covered by a shallow sea when Mesosaurus lived
b. a land bridge existed between Australia and India
c. South America and Africa were once joined
d. the Atlantic Ocean was wider when Mesosaurus lived than it is now
Which of the following was NOT used in support of the continental drift hypothesis?
a. fossil evidence
c. ancient climate
b. composition of meteorites
d. fit of South America and Africa
According to the theory of plate tectonics, ____.
a. the asthenosphere is divided into plates
b. the lithosphere is divided into plates
c. the asthenosphere moves over the lithosphere
d. the asthenosphere is strong and rigid
In the plate tectonic theory, a plate can be made up of ____.
a. continental lithosphere only
b. oceanic lithosphere only
c. both continental and oceanic lithosphere
d. both continental and oceanic asthenosphere
What kind of plate boundary occurs where two plates grind past each other without destroying or
producing lithosphere?
a. divergent boundary
c. transitional boundary
b. convergent boundary
d. transform fault boundary
A divergent boundary at two continental plates can result in a ____.
a. rift valley
c. continental volcanic arc
b. volcanic island arc
d. subduction zone
What type of boundary occurs where two plates move together, causing one plate to descend into the
mantle beneath the other plate?
a. transform fault boundary
c. convergent boundary
b. divergent boundary
d. transitional boundary
Which of the following is a geographic example of a transform fault boundary?
a. the East African Rift valley
c. the Mid-Atlantic Ridge
b. the San Andreas Fault
d. the Andes Mountains
New ocean crust is formed at ____.
a. divergent boundaries
c. continental volcanic arcs
b. convergent boundaries
d. transform fault boundaries
Which of the following results when divergence occurs between two oceanic plates?
a. seafloor spreading
c. an ocean trench
b. a subduction zone
d. a volcanic island arc
c.
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Name: ______________________
ID: A
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31. What forms when one oceanic plate is forced beneath another plate?
a. an ocean basin
c. a subduction zone
b. an ocean ridge
d. a rift valley
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32. What type of plate boundary is illustrated in Figure 9-1?
a. transform fault boundary
b. divergent boundary
c. convergent oceanic-oceanic boundary
d. convergent oceanic-continental boundary
33. What feature is labeled B in Figure 9-1?
a. trench
c. volcanic island arc
b. ocean ridge
d. continental volcanic arc
34. What layer of Earth is labeled C in Figure 9-1?
a. asthenosphere
c. oceanic crust
b. continental lithosphere
d. continental crust
35. What process is illustrated by the area labeled G in Figure 9-1?
a. seafloor spreading
c. rifting
b. continental volcanism
d. subduction
36. Which of the following does NOT occur at a subduction zone?
a. The leading edges of both plates are bent upward.
b. Oceanic crust is pushed down into the mantle.
c. A continental plate moves over an oceanic plate.
d. One oceanic plate moves beneath another oceanic plate.
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Name: ______________________
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ID: A
37. The Himalayas in South Asia are an example of what type of plate boundary?
a. convergent oceanic-continental boundary
b. convergent continental-continental boundary
c. divergent boundary
d. transform fault boundary
38. Because of the property of paleomagnetism, ____.
a. iron-rich rocks show the location of the magnetic poles at the time of their
formation
all rocks, regardless of when they are formed, have the same polarity
all rocks have a reversed polarity
rocks do not possess magnetic properties
39. Strips of alternating magnetic polarities found in rocks in the ocean basins ____.
a. conflict with the theory of plate tectonics
b. provide evidence that Earth’s magnetic field has never reversed polarity
c. indicate changes in Earth’s gravitation field
d. provide evidence for seafloor spreading
40. How does the age of seafloor sediments change with increasing distance from the ocean ridge?
a. Age decreases.
c. Age increases.
b. Age stays the same.
d. Age varies without a pattern.
b.
c.
d.
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ID: A
Rocks and Plate Tectonics
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
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A
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
REF: p. 66
3.1 Define the term rock.
MSC: knowledge
D
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 66
3.1 Define the term rock.
MSC: comprehension
B
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
REF: p. 66
3.2 Identify the three major types of rocks and explain how they differ.
knowledge
D
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 66
3.2 Identify the three major types of rocks and explain how they differ.
knowledge
A
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 67
3.3 Describe the rock cycle.
STA: 12.5.2.1
MSC: analysis
B
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 68
3.3 Describe the rock cycle.
STA: 12.5.2.1
MSC: application
C
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 69
3.4 List the forces that power Earth’s rock cycle.
STA: 12.5.2.1
application
B
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
REF: p. 71
3.5 Compare and contrast intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks.
knowledge
D
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 72
3.6 Demonstrate how the rate of cooling affects an igneous rock’s texture.
comprehension
A
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 72
3.6 Demonstrate how the rate of cooling affects an igneous rock’s texture.
application
B
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
REF: p. 76
3.8 Describe the major processes involved in the formation of sedimentary rocks.
knowledge
D
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 76
3.8 Describe the major processes involved in the formation of sedimentary rocks.
analysis
A
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
REF: p. 77
3.9 Distinguish between clastic sedimentary rocks and chemical sedimentary rocks.
knowledge
C
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
REF: p. 78
3.10 Identify the features that are unique to some sedimentary rocks.
knowledge
B
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
REF: p. 80
3.11 Predict where most metamorphism takes place.
MSC: knowledge
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ID: A
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B
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
REF: p. 81
3.12 Distinguish contact metamorphism from regional metamorphism.
knowledge
C
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 248
9.1 Describe the hypothesis of continental drift.
MSC: comprehension
B
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
REF: p. 248
9.1 Describe the hypothesis of continental drift.
MSC: knowledge
D
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 249
9.1 Describe the hypothesis of continental drift.
MSC: application
A
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 250
9.2 Evaluate the evidence in support of continental drift.
MSC: application
C
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
REF: p. 249
9.2 Evaluate the evidence in support of continental drift.
MSC: application
B
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
REF: p. 249
9.2 Evaluate the evidence in support of continental drift.
MSC: knowledge
B
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
REF: p. 261
9.7 Explain the theory of plate tectonics.
STA: 12.5.1.2
comprehension
C
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 261
9.8 Describe lithospheric plates.
MSC: comprehension
D
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 268
9.9 Explain what happens at the three types of plate boundaries.
comprehension
A
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 264
9.9 Explain what happens at the three types of plate boundaries.
analysis
C
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 265
9.9 Explain what happens at the three types of plate boundaries.
application
B
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 268
9.9 Explain what happens at the three types of plate boundaries.
application
A
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 264
9.9 Explain what happens at the three types of plate boundaries.
comprehension
A
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 264
9.5 Explain the processes of sea-floor spreading and subduction.
comprehension
C
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 257
9.5 Explain the processes of sea-floor spreading and subduction.
comprehension
D
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 265
9.9 Explain what happens at the three types of plate boundaries.
analysis
A
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 265
9.4 Identify mid-ocean ridges and deep-ocean trenches.
MSC: analysis
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ID: A
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C
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 265
OBJ: 9.8 Describe lithospheric plates.
MSC: analysis
ANS: D
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 265
OBJ: 9.5 Explain the processes of sea-floor spreading and subduction.
MSC: analysis
ANS: A
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 265
OBJ: 9.5 Explain the processes of sea-floor spreading and subduction.
MSC: comprehension
ANS: B
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 267
OBJ: 9.9 Explain what happens at the three types of plate boundaries.
MSC: application
ANS: A
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 258
OBJ: 9.6 Explain the evidence for sea-floor spreading, including paleomagnetism and magnetic
reversals, earthquake patterns, and the age of the ocean floor.
MSC: comprehension
ANS: D
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 258
OBJ: 9.6 Explain the evidence for sea-floor spreading, including paleomagnetism and magnetic
reversals, earthquake patterns, and the age of the ocean floor.
MSC: application
ANS: C
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 260
OBJ: 9.6 Explain the evidence for sea-floor spreading, including paleomagnetism and magnetic
reversals, earthquake patterns, and the age of the ocean floor.
MSC: application
3