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Types of Sociopolitical Organization
Mesopotamia
- 5,000 years ago
- Located between the Tigris and Euphrates River
- Taxes: Farmers contribute percentage of crops to public storages
- Conflict between country and city: city wins
- Uruk was one of the first Mesopotamia cities
- Uruk prospered because it flooded easily and gave rich soil for farming
- Created first form of writing
- Assyrians take over and created first Empire by harsh tactics
- Conquered many territories until conquered in 612 BC
Centralized Authority Divine Leadership
Writing
- Cureiform (oldest), Mesopotamia, 3200 BC
- Hieroglyphics, Egypt, 3200 BC
- Indus Script, Indus Valley, 3200 BC
- Oracle Bones, China, 1200 BC
- La Venta Monument 13, Olmec MesoAmerica, 600 BC
Wealth and Political Economy
- Inca gold, Peru, AD 1400
- Valley of the Kings, Egypt, 1300 BC
- Zaranj, Afghanistan, AD 300-900
- State economics based on accumulation of capital
Military
- Social complexity often includes organized expansionist aggression
- Standard of Ur, Mesopotamia, 2500 BC
- Maya Glyph, Mexico, AD 600
- Terracotta Army, China, 200 BC
The Indus Valley Civilization
- Located in floodplains around the Indus River
- 3000 BC
- Traded with the Mesopotamians
- Traded cotton and cloth
- Very peaceful people hardly any evidence of weapons
Consolidation of Power
- Military, Economic, Ideological, Political
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