Download Muscles of Tongue Muscle Origin Insertion Nerve Supply Action

Muscles of Tongue
Muscle
Origin
Insertion
Nerve
Supply
Action
Intrinsic Muscles
Longitudinal
Transverse
Vertical
Median septum Mucous
and submucosa membrane
Hypoglossal
nerve
Alters shape of tongue
Hypoglossal
nerve
Protrudes apex of tongue
through mouth
Hypoglossal
nerve
Depresses tongue
Hypoglossal
nerve
Draws tongue upward
and backward
Pharyngeal
plexus
Pulls roots of tongue
upward and backward,
narrows oropharyngeal
isthmus
Extrinsic Muscles
Genioglossus
Hyoglossus
Styloglossus
Palatoglossus
Superior genial
spine
of
mandible
Body
and
greater cornu of
hyoid bone
Styloid process
of
temporal
bone
Palatine
aponeurosis
Blends
with
other muscles
of tongue
Blends
with
other muscles
of tongue
Blends
with
other muscles
of tongue
Side of tongue
The tongue is completely divided into a left and right half by a median sagittal septum
composed of connective tissue. This means that all muscles of the tongue are paired. There
are intrinsic and extrinsic lingual muscles
Muscles of the Pharynx
Muscle
Superior constrictor
Origin
Medial pterygoid
plate,
pterygoid
hamulus,
pterygomandibular
ligament,
mylohyoid line of
mandible
Insertion
Nerve Supply
Pharyngeal
Pharyngeal
tubercle
of plexus
occipital
bone,
raphe in midline
posteriorly
Action
Aids soft palate
in closing off
nasal pharynx,
propels
bolus
downward
Middle constrictor
Lower part of Pharyngeal raphe
stylohyoid
ligament,
lesser
and greater cornu
of hyoid bone
Pharyngeal
plexus
Propels
bolus
downward
Inferior constrictor
Lamina of thyroid Pharyngeal raphe
cartilage, cricoid
cartilage
Pharyngeal
plexus
Propels
bolus
downward
Cricopharyngeus
Lowest fibers of
inferior constrictor
muscle
Stylopharyngeus
Styloid process of Posterior border Glossopharyngeal Elevates larynx
temporal bone
of
thyroid nerve
during
cartilage
swallowing
Sphincter
lower end
pharynx
at
of
Salpingopharyngeus Auditory tube
Blends
with Pharyngeal
palatopharyngeus plexus
Elevates pharynx
Palatopharyngeus
Posterior border Pharyngeal
of
thyroid plexus
cartilage
Elevates wall of
pharynx,
pulls
palatopharyngeal
arch medially
Palatine
aponeurosis
Muscles of the Soft Palate
Muscle
Origin
Insertion
Nerve Supply
Action
Tensor
veli Spine
of With muscle of Nerve
to Tenses soft palate
palatini
sphenoid,
other
side, medial
auditory tube forms palatine pterygoid
aponeurosis from
mandibular
nerve
Levator
veli Petrous part Palatine
Pharyngeal Raises soft palate
palatini
of temporal aponeurosis plexus
bone, auditory
tube
Palatoglossus
Palatine
Side of tongue Pharyngeal Pulls root of tongue
aponeurosis
plexus
upward
and
backward, narrows
oropharyngeal
isthmus
Palatopharyngeus Palatine
Posterior
Pharyngeal Elevates
wall
of
aponeurosis border
of plexus
pharynx,
pulls
thyroid
palatopharyngeal
cartilage
folds medially
Musculus uvulae Posterior
Mucous
Pharyngeal Elevates uvula
border of hard membrane of plexus
palate
uvula