Download The End of World War II

Objectives
 Content: Explain how World War II ended.
 Learning: Choose and defend your position on
whether the United States should have dropped
the atomic bomb to end the war with Japan.
PBS – The Bomb
 http://www.pbs.org/video/2365530722/
 4:36-8:10
 12:20-14:15
Manhattan Project
 Code name for the research and
development of the atomic bomb
 J. Robert Oppenheimer
 Physicist
 Director of Los Alamos research
laboratory that developed first atomic
bombs
PBS – The Bomb
 http://www.pbs.org/video/2
365530722/
 16:10-17:30
 29-30
 Discuss homework
War Ends in Europe
 Hitler realized
defeat was inevitable
 Running out of
supplies and losing
battle after battle
 Hitler commits
suicide in April 1945
 German Army
surrenders on May 8,
1945 (V-E Day)
PBS – The Bomb
 http://www.pbs.org/video/2
365530722/
 30-31
 34:30-36:30
Harry Truman’s Decision:
What would you do?
PBS – The Bomb
 http://www.pbs.org/video/2
365530722/
 41-43:50
Bombing of Hiroshima
 August 6, 1945
 “Little Boy” dropped by the Enola Gay
 Took the lives of 70,000 people that day and
another 70,000 from radiation exposure
within 5 years
PBS – The Bomb
 http://www.pbs.org/video/2
365530722/
 43:50-48:50
Bombing of Nagasaki
 August 9, 1945
 “Fat Man”
 Took the lives of about 40,000 that day
and up to 40,000 within a year
Effects of the Bombings on the People
 Immediate
Death (100,000+, exact number unknown)
 Death from fires, falling debris
 Burns
 Keloids (tumor-like growth of scar tissue)
 Radiation exposure:
 Some became sick several days later because they
had no white blood cells and their bone marrow
deteriorated
 Others developed high fevers, hair loss,
inflammation of gums and mouth
 Development of cancer(s) over time
“A year after the bombing, Hiroshimans had begun
repossessing the plots of rubble where their houses
had once stood. Many had built crude wooden
huts, having scavenged fallen tiles from ruins to
make their roofs. There was no electricity to light
their shacks, and at dusk each evening, lonely,
confused, and disillusioned, they gathered in an
open area near the Yokogawa railroad station to
deal in the black markets and console each other.”
-John Hersey’s Hiroshima
“In Hiroshima, the early postwar years were, besides,
a time, especially painful for poor people… of
disorder, hunger, greed, thievery, black markets.
Non-hibakusha [survivors of the bomb] employers
developed a prejudice against the survivors as word
got around that they were prone to all sorts of
ailments… most of them seemed to suffer… from the
mysterious but real malaise that came to be known
as one kind of lasting A-bomb sickness: a nagging
weakness and weariness, dizziness now and then,
digestive troubles…”
- John Hersey’s Hiroshima
Wars Ends in the Pacific
 Harry Truman
decided to drop the
atomic bomb because
it would avoid a large
number of American
casualties
 After the bombing of
Hiroshima and
Nagasaki, Japan
surrendered
 V-J Day: September 2,
1945
What happened to Germany?
 Germany was divided
into four occupation
zones: United States,
Great Britain, France,
and the Soviet each
controlled one zone
 Berlin was also
divided into 4 zones
What happened to Japan?
 Japan was occupied
by American
forces
 Japan was not
allowed to keep an
Army
 Their government
changed
World War II
World War II was the deadliest
war ever. Over 60 million
people were killed.
Map of World War II (PPT)