Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Hydroxychloroquine-linked lymphoma development in a mouse model of Sjogren’s Syndrome Morgan Adams Department of Biological Sciences, York College of Pennsylvania http://hematologyoutlines.com/atlas_topics/93.html http://www.bing.com/images/search Anticipated Results: Proposed Methods: Introduction / Review of Literature: • • • • Sjogren’s syndrome is an autoimmune disease that targets the lacrimal and salivary glands (Dong et al. 2013). The glands have an overaccumulation of lymphocytes that prevent them from producing their designated secretions, thus leading to damage of those glands (Deshmukh et al. 2008). It is known that patients with this disease have an increased risk of developing lymphoma over their life time (Dong et al. 2013). Hydroxychloroquine is an antimalarial drug that is now being used to decrease the inflammation associated with the disease (Ben-Zvi et al. 2012). • • • • • • Obtain 20 mice from Jackson Laboratories. Ten mice will be treated with Freund’s incomplete adjuvant, an immunostimulant that induces Sjogren’s-like symptoms. Ten mice will be treated with a placebo not to induce any symptoms. Five mice from the immunostimulant group will be treated with HCQ, 5 will not. The same will be done for the nonimmunostimulant group. Blood samples will be taken from salivary glands, peripheral lymph nodes and peripheral blood to see if lymphoma develops. • • Mice treated with hydroxychloroquine will develop lymphoma after constant treatment over a 12 week process Mice that were not treated with HCQ will not develop cancer over this time. • • Figure 1. Anticipated amounts of lymphocytes in the different treatment groups. Control Group (not treated with immunostimulant) Experimental group (treated with immunostimulant) Treatment with HCQ Treatment with placebo Future Studies The use of this mouse model could lead to the understanding of the mechanism the drug takes to affect patients with Sjogren’s syndrome. 12 weeks old Hypothesis: • The mice treated with Freund’s adjuvant will develop Sjogren’s like symptoms. The mice treated with HCQ will show higher levels of lymphocytes in their blood smears. The mice that were not treated with HCQ should not have extremely high lymphocyte levels. If the development of lymphoma is only associated with Sjogren’s the HCQ should not increase the amount of lymphocytes. Treatment with HCQ Treatment with placebo Literature Cited: • • Daily for 12 weeks Histology samples taken Histology samples taken • Histology samples taken Histology samples taken Ben-Zvi, I., Kivity, S., Langevitz, P., and Shoenfeld, Y. 2012. Hydroxychloroquine: from malaria to autoimmunity. 42(2): 145-153 Deshmukh, U.S., Ohyama, Y. Bagavant, H., Guo, X., Gaskin, F., and Fu, M.S. 2008. Inflammatory stimuli accelerate Sjogren’s syndrome-like disease in NZB/WF1 mice. Arthritis Rheum. 58(5) 1318-1323. Dong, L., Chen, Yu., Masaki, Y., Okazaki, T., and Umehara, H. 2013. Possible mechanisms of lymphoma development in Sjogren’s syndrome. Current Immunology Reviews. (9): 13-22. Acknowledgments: I would like to thank Dr. Singleton for mentoring me through this process.