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Multidimensional Analysis and Descriptive Mining of Complex Data Objects
 Set-valued attribute
o Generalization of each value in the set into its corresponding higher-level
concepts
o Derivation of the general behavior of the set, such as the number of
elements in the set, the types or value ranges in the set, or the weighted
average for numerical data
o E.g., hobby = {tennis, hockey, chess, violin, nintendo_games} generalizes
to {sports, music, video_games}
 List-valued or a sequence-valued attribute
o Same as set-valued attributes except that the order of the elements in the
sequence should be observed in the generalization
Aggregation and Approximation in Spatial and Multimedia Data Generalization
Aggregation and approximation should be considered another important means of
generalization, which is especially useful for generalizing attributes with large sets of
values, complex structure and spatial or multimedia data.
A multimedia data may contain complex texts,graphics,images,video fragments,maps,
voice,music,and other forms of video/audio information.
Generalization of object identifies and Class/Subclass Hierarchies
Methods are an important component of object-oriented databases. Many behavioral data
objects can be derived by the application of methods
 Spatial data:
o Generalize detailed geographic points into clustered regions, such as
business, residential, industrial, or agricultural areas, according to land
usage
o Require the merge of a set of geographic areas by spatial operations
 Image data:
o Extracted by aggregation and/or approximation
o Size, color, shape, texture, orientation, and relative positions and
structures of the contained objects or regions in the image
 Music data:
o Summarize its melody: based on the approximate patterns that repeatedly
occur in the segment
o Summarized its style: based on its tone, tempo, or the major musical
instruments played