Download Between Wars Korea and Vietnam

Between Wars
Korea (1950-1953)
and
Vietnam (1961-1964??)
The Red Scare
McCarthyism
Sacco and Vanzetti
Cold War led to Korean War
The 50’s
• Baby Boom-sudden rise in birth rate
• Electronic Advances- 1st computer developed
by the US Army called ENIAC (Electronic
Numerical Integrator and Computer)
• Polio epidemic and vaccination-Jonas Salk
inject small amounts of the of the virus to
create antibodies
• Mass media and the television
FDR and Polio
Jonas Salk
ENIAC
First TV
Popular Culture
• TV Show such as Gun Smoke, Ed Sullivan
Show, Lucille Ball Show, Lone Ranger and
$64,000 Question.
• Rock and Roll-Alan Freed (disc jockey) and
Elvis Presley and Chuck Berry
Chuck Berry
Lucille Ball
Elvis Presley
Alan Freed
Other side
• Native American extermination
• Mexican movement north-5 million Hispanics
filter into the United States
• Juvenile delinquency on the rise- 45% rise in
crimes between 1948-1953
• JFK wins the 1950 Election-young mystique
• Women’s Rights-Equal Pay Act signed in 1963
• Space Race-Sputnik (Russia), Saturn and Apollo,
US lands on the Moon
Mexican Wall
Saturn
James Dean “Rebel Without a Cause”
Apollo 13
John and Jacqueline Kennedy
Wall goes up
• Khrushchev wants to stop the flood of
Germans leaving East Germany
• Demands that US, France and UK get out of
Germany, East block city
• He builds the wall
Berlin Wall
Apollo 11
First man to set foot on the moon
Bay of Pigs
• First Cold War crises between
Cuba and US
• Fidel Castro overthrows
Fulgencio Batista
• Castro makes strong relations
with Russia and US is concerned
“Domino Effect”
• Eisenhower authorizes the CIA
to train Cuban exiles
• Kennedy calls for a secret
invasion in southern Cuba and
it was a disaster
April 1961
• Kennedy sent a small group of CIA trained Cuban
exiles into southern Cuba to overthrow Fidel Castro
• Failed miserably and was an embarrassment to the
Kennedy Administration
Cuban Missile Crises
• August of 1962
• American Spies and Aerial Photos uncover
Russian missiles in Cuba
• Kennedy orders a blockade to stop Russia
• Russia US make deal, Russia remove missiles if
US doesn’t invade Russia, leave Castro alone
Aerial
Photos
Possible
Range
Bay of Pigs Cont.
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The US had no plan in place because US intelligence had been convinced that the Soviets
would never install nuclear missiles in Cuba. The EXCOMM quickly discussed several possible
courses of action, including:
– Diplomacy: Use diplomatic pressure to get the Soviet Union to remove the missiles.
– Warning: Send a message to Castro to warn him of the grave danger he, and Cuba were
in.
– Blockade: Use the US Navy to block any missiles from arriving in Cuba.
– Air strike: Use the US Air Force to attack all known missile sites.
– Invasion: Full force invasion of Cuba and overthrow of Castro.
The Joint Chiefs of Staff unanimously agreed that a full-scale attack and invasion was the
only solution. They believed that the Soviets would not attempt to stop the US from
conquering Cuba. Kennedy was skeptical.
They, no more than we, can let these things go by without doing something. They can't, after
all their statements, permit us to take out their missiles, kill a lot of Russians, and then do
nothing. If they don't take action in Cuba, they certainly will in Berlin.
Kennedy concluded that attacking Cuba by air would signal the Soviets to presume "a clear
line" to conquer Berlin. Kennedy also believed that United States' allies would think of the
US as "trigger-happy cowboys" who lost Berlin because they could not peacefully resolve the
Cuban situation.
Vietnam
• The first American troops were sent into Vietnam in
1961.
• Kennedy secret mission to train South Vietnamese
soldiers to fight.