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Acids Lesson 5 Acid and Base Definitions Acid and Base Definitions Bronsted Arrhenius Acid Base Acid Base proton donor proton acceptor ionizes to H+ ionizes to OH- Strong means completely. Weak means partially. Definitions 1. Strong Arrhenius Acid- Definitions 1. Strong Arrhenius Acid- completely ionizes in water to H+ HCl Definitions 1. Strong Arrhenius Acid- completely ionizes in water to H+ HCl H+ + 2. Strong Bronsted Acid- Cl- Definitions 1. Strong Arrhenius Acid- completely ionizes in water to H+ HCl H+ + Cl- 2. Strong Bronsted Acid- completely donates a proton to a base HCl Definitions 1. Strong Arrhenius Acid- completely ionizes in water to H+ HCl H+ + Cl- 2. Strong Bronsted Acid- completely donates a proton to a base HCl + H2O Definitions 1. Strong Arrhenius Acid- completely ionizes in water to H+ HCl H+ + Cl- 2. Strong Bronsted Acid- completely donates a proton to a base HCl + H2O H3O+ + Cl- 3. Strong Arrhenius Base- 3. Strong Arrhenius Base- completely ionizes in water to OH- 3. Strong Arrhenius Base- completely ionizes in water to OHKOH 3. Strong Arrhenius Base- completely ionizes in water to OHKOH K+ + 4. Strong Bronsted Base- OH- 3. Strong Arrhenius Base- completely ionizes in water to OHKOH K+ + OH- 4. Strong Bronsted Base- completely accepts a proton from an acid 3. Strong Arrhenius Base- completely ionizes in water to OHKOH K+ + OH- 4. Strong Bronsted Base- completely accepts a proton from an acid NH2- 3. Strong Arrhenius Base- completely ionizes in water to OHKOH K+ + OH- 4. Strong Bronsted Base- completely accepts a proton from an acid NH2- + H2O 3. Strong Arrhenius Base- completely ionizes in water to OHKOH K+ + OH- 4. Strong Bronsted Base- completely accepts a proton from an acid NH2- + H2O NH3 + OH- 5. Weak Arrhenius Acid 5. Weak Arrhenius Acid- partially ionizes in water to H+ 5. Weak Arrhenius Acid- partially ionizes in water to H+ HF 5. Weak Arrhenius Acid- partially ionizes in water to H+ HF ⇄ H+ + 6. Weak Bronsted Acid- F- 5. Weak Arrhenius Acid- partially ionizes in water to H+ HF ⇄ H+ + F- 6. Weak Bronsted Acid- partially donates a proton to a base HF 5. Weak Arrhenius Acid- partially ionizes in water to H+ HF ⇄ H+ + F- 6. Weak Bronsted Acid- partially donates a proton to a base HF + H2 O 5. Weak Arrhenius Acid- partially ionizes in water to H+ HF ⇄ H+ + F- 6. Weak Bronsted Acid- partially donates a proton to a base HF + H2 O ⇄ H3O+ + F- 7. Weak Arrhenius Base 7. Weak Arrhenius Base- partially ionizes in water to OH- 7. Weak Arrhenius Base- partially ionizes in water to OHMg(OH)2 7. Weak Arrhenius Base- partially ionizes in water to OHMg(OH)2 ⇄ Mg2+ + 8. Weak Bronsted Base 2OH- 7. Weak Arrhenius Base- partially ionizes in water to OHMg(OH)2 ⇄ Mg2+ + 2OH- 8. Weak Bronsted Base- partially accepts a proton from an acid NH3 7. Weak Arrhenius Base- partially ionizes in water to OHMg(OH)2 ⇄ Mg2+ + 2OH- 8. Weak Bronsted Base- partially accepts a proton from an acid NH3 + H2O 7. Weak Arrhenius Base- partially ionizes in water to OHMg(OH)2 ⇄ Mg2+ + 2OH- 8. Weak Bronsted Base- partially accepts a proton from an acid NH3 + H2O ⇄ NH4+ + OH- Memorize the following NH3 is a weak base when in water NH4+ is an weak acid H2O is an acid when with a base and a base when with an acid and is amphiprotic H2O is always neutral when pure Write two reactions showing water acting as an acid and a base. H2O acid + NH3 ⇄ NH4+ + OH- H2O base + HIO3 ⇄ H3O+ + IO3- Acid Anhydride Means an Acid without water Add water and you get an acid They are nonmetal oxides Add water Add the H's and O's Make an acid Simplify Acid Anhydride Means an Acid without water Add water and you get an acid They are nonmetal oxides Add water Add the H's and O's SO2 + H2O Make an acid Simplify Acid Anhydride Means an Acid without water Add water and you get an acid They are nonmetal oxides Add water Add the H's and O's SO2 + H2O H2SO3 CO2 + H2O Make an acid Simplify Acid Anhydride Means an Acid without water Add water and you get an acid They are nonmetal oxides Add water Add the H's and O's SO2 + H2O H2SO3 CO2 + H2O H2CO3 N2O5 + H2O Make an acid Simplify Acid Anhydride Means an Acid without water Add water and you get an acid They are nonmetal oxides Add water Add the H's and O's SO2 + H2O H2SO3 CO2 + H2O H2CO3 N2O5 + H2O H2N2O6 Make an acid Simplify Acid Anhydride Means an Acid without water Add water and you get an acid They are nonmetal oxides Add water Add the H's and O's SO2 + H2O H2SO3 CO2 + H2O H2CO3 N2O5 + H2O H2N2O6 Cl2O7 + H2O Make an acid 2HNO3 Simplify Acid Anhydride Means an Acid without water Add water and you get an acid They are nonmetal oxides Add water Add the H's and O's SO2 + H2O H2SO3 CO2 + H2O H2CO3 N2O5 + H2O H2N2O6 Cl2O7 + H2O H2Cl2O8 Make an acid 2HNO3 Simplify Acid Anhydride Means an Acid without water Add water and you get an acid They are nonmetal oxides Add water Add the H's and O's Make an acid SO2 + H2O H2SO3 CO2 + H2O H2CO3 N2O5 + H2O H2N2O6 Cl2O7 + H2O H2Cl2O8 2HClO4 C2O3 + H2O 2HNO3 Simplify Acid Anhydride Means an Acid without water Add water and you get an acid They are nonmetal oxides Add water Add the H's and O's Make an acid SO2 + H2O H2SO3 CO2 + H2O H2CO3 N2O5 + H2O H2N2O6 Cl2O7 + H2O H2Cl2O8 2HClO4 C2O3 + H2O H2C2O4 I2O5 H2O + 2HNO3 Simplify Acid Anhydride Means an Acid without water Add water and you get an acid They are nonmetal oxides Add water Add the H's and O's Make an acid SO2 + H2O H2SO3 CO2 + H2O H2CO3 N2O5 + H2O H2N2O6 Cl2O7 + H2O H2Cl2O8 2HClO4 C2O3 + H2O H2C2O4 I2O5 H2O H2I2O6 + 2HNO3 Simplify Acid Anhydride Means an Acid without water Add water and you get an acid They are nonmetal oxides Add water Add the H's and O's Make an acid SO2 + H2O H2SO3 CO2 + H2O H2CO3 N2O5 + H2O H2N2O6 Cl2O7 + H2O H2Cl2O8 2HClO4 C2O3 + H2O H2C2O4 I2O5 H2O H2I2O6 + 2HNO3 2HIO3 Simplify All can be found on the acid chart Basic anhydride Means a base without water Add water and you get a base They are metal oxides Add water Add the H's and O's metal K2O Make an base- start with a Basic anhydride Means a base without water Add water and you get a base They are metal oxides Add water Add the H's and O's metal K2O CaO + H2O 2KOH Make an base- start with a Basic anhydride Means a base without water Add water and you get a base They are metal oxides Add water Add the H's and O's metal K2O + H2O 2KOH CaO + H2O Ca(OH)2 Na2O Make an base- start with a Basic anhydride Means a base without water Add water and you get a base They are metal oxides Add water Add the H's and O's metal K2O + H2O 2KOH CaO + H2O Ca(OH)2 Na2O + H2O 2NaOH BaO Make an base- start with a Basic anhydride Means a base without water Add water and you get a base They are metal oxides Add water Add the H's and O's metal K2O + H2O 2KOH CaO + H2O Ca(OH)2 Na2O + H2O 2NaOH BaO + H2O Ba(OH)2 Make an base- start with a Classify each formula and write an equation. strong acid weak base HNO3 weak acid acid anhydride strong base basic anhydride. Classify each formula and write an equation. strong acid weak base HNO3 weak acid acid anhydride Strong acid strong base basic anhydride. Classify each formula and write an equation. strong acid weak base HNO3 CO2 weak acid acid anhydride Strong acid strong base basic anhydride. HNO3 H+ + NO3- Classify each formula and write an equation. strong acid weak base weak acid acid anhydride HNO3 Strong acid CO2 Acid Anhydride strong base basic anhydride. HNO3 H+ + NO3- Classify each formula and write an equation. strong acid weak base weak acid acid anhydride strong base basic anhydride. HNO3 Strong acid HNO3 H+ CO2 Acid Anhydride CO2 + H2O + NO3 H2CO3 Classify each formula and write an equation. strong acid weak base weak acid acid anhydride strong base basic anhydride. HNO3 Strong acid HNO3 H+ CO2 Acid Anhydride CO2 + H2O + NO3 H2CO3 But H2CO3 ionizes as a weak acid Classify each formula and write an equation. strong acid weak base weak acid acid anhydride strong base basic anhydride. HNO3 Strong acid HNO3 H+ CO2 Acid Anhydride CO2 H2CO3 Mg(OH)2 + NO3- + H2O ⇄ H2CO3 H+ + HCO3- Classify each formula and write an equation. strong acid weak base weak acid acid anhydride strong base basic anhydride. HNO3 Strong acid HNO3 H+ CO2 Acid Anhydride CO2 H2CO3 Mg(OH)2 Weak Base + NO3- + H2O ⇄ H2CO3 H+ + HCO3- Classify each formula and write an equation. strong acid weak base weak acid acid anhydride strong base basic anhydride. HNO3 Strong acid HNO3 H+ CO2 Acid Anhydride CO2 H2CO3 Mg(OH)2 H2C2O4 Weak Base + NO3- + H2O ⇄ H2CO3 H+ + HCO3- Mg(OH)2 ⇄ Mg2+ + 2OH- Classify each formula and write an equation. strong acid weak base weak acid acid anhydride strong base basic anhydride. HNO3 Strong acid HNO3 H+ CO2 Acid Anhydride CO2 H2CO3 Mg(OH)2 Weak Base H2C2O4 Weak Acid + NO3- + H2O ⇄ H2CO3 H+ + HCO3- Mg(OH)2 ⇄ Mg2+ + 2OH- Classify each formula and write an equation. strong acid weak base weak acid acid anhydride strong base basic anhydride. HNO3 Strong acid HNO3 H+ CO2 Acid Anhydride CO2 + NO3- + H2O H2CO3 ⇄ H2CO3 H+ + HCO3- Mg(OH)2 Weak Base Mg(OH)2 ⇄ Mg2+ + H2C2O4 Weak Acid H2C2O4 Rb2O 2OH- ⇄ H+ + HC2O4- Classify each formula and write an equation. strong acid weak base weak acid acid anhydride strong base basic anhydride. HNO3 Strong acid HNO3 H+ CO2 Acid Anhydride CO2 + NO3- + H2O H2CO3 ⇄ H2CO3 H+ + HCO3- Mg(OH)2 Weak Base Mg(OH)2 ⇄ Mg2+ + H2C2O4 Weak Acid H2C2O4 Rb2O Basic Anhydride 2OH- ⇄ H+ + HC2O4- Classify each formula and write an equation. strong acid weak base weak acid acid anhydride strong base basic anhydride. HNO3 Strong acid HNO3 H+ CO2 Acid Anhydride CO2 + NO3- + H2O H2CO3 ⇄ H2CO3 H+ + HCO3- Mg(OH)2 Weak Base Mg(OH)2 ⇄ Mg2+ + H2C2O4 Weak Acid H2C2O4 Rb2O Basic Anhydride Rb2O 2OH- ⇄ H+ + HC2O4+ H2O 2RbOH Classify each formula and write an equation. strong acid weak base weak acid acid anhydride strong base basic anhydride. HNO3 Strong acid HNO3 H+ CO2 Acid Anhydride CO2 + NO3- + H2O H2CO3 ⇄ H2CO3 H+ + HCO3- Mg(OH)2 Weak Base Mg(OH)2 ⇄ Mg2+ + H2C2O4 Weak Acid H2C2O4 Rb2O Basic Anhydride Rb2O 2OH- ⇄ H+ + HC2O4+ H2O 2RbOH But RbOH ionizes as a strong base Classify each formula and write an equation. strong acid weak base weak acid acid anhydride strong base basic anhydride. HNO3 Strong acid HNO3 H+ CO2 Acid Anhydride CO2 + NO3- + H2O H2CO3 ⇄ H2CO3 H+ + HCO3- Mg(OH)2 Weak Base Mg(OH)2 ⇄ Mg2+ + H2C2O4 Weak Acid H2C2O4 Rb2O Basic Anhydride Rb2O + H2O RbOH Rb+ 2OH- ⇄ H+ + HC2O4 2RbOH + OH- Classify each formula and write an equation. strong acid weak base NH2- weak acid acid anhydride strong base basic anhydride. Classify each formula and write an equation. strong acid weak base NH2- weak acid acid anhydride Strong base strong base basic anhydride. Classify each formula and write an equation. strong acid weak base NH2CN- weak acid acid anhydride Strong base strong base basic anhydride. NH2- + H2O NH3 + OH- Classify each formula and write an equation. strong acid weak base weak acid acid anhydride NH2- Strong base CN- Weak base strong base basic anhydride. NH2- + H2O NH3 + OH- Classify each formula and write an equation. strong acid weak base weak acid acid anhydride strong base basic anhydride. NH2- Strong base NH2- + H2O NH3 + OH- CN- Weak base CN- + H2O ⇄ HCN + OH- NaOH Classify each formula and write an equation. strong acid weak base weak acid acid anhydride strong base basic anhydride. NH2- Strong base NH2- + H2O NH3 + OH- CN- Weak base CN- + H2O ⇄ HCN + OH- NaOH Strong base Classify each formula and write an equation. strong acid weak base weak acid acid anhydride strong base basic anhydride. NH2- Strong base NH2- + H2O NH3 + OH- CN- Weak base CN- + H2O ⇄ HCN + OH- NaOH Strong base NaOH CaO Na+ + OH- Classify each formula and write an equation. strong acid weak base weak acid acid anhydride strong base basic anhydride. NH2- Strong base NH2- + H2O NH3 + OH- CN- Weak base CN- + H2O ⇄ HCN + OH- NaOH Strong base NaOH CaO Basic anhydride Na+ + OH- Classify each formula and write an equation. strong acid weak base weak acid acid anhydride strong base basic anhydride. NH2- Strong base NH2- + H2O NH3 + OH- CN- Weak base CN- + H2O ⇄ HCN + OH- NaOH Strong base NaOH CaO Basic anhydride CaO Na+ + H2O + OH- Ca(OH)2 Classify each formula and write an equation. strong acid weak base weak acid acid anhydride strong base basic anhydride. NH2- Strong base NH2- + H2O NH3 + OH- CN- Weak base CN- + H2O ⇄ HCN + OH- NaOH Strong base NaOH CaO Basic anhydride CaO Na+ + H2O + OH- Ca(OH)2 But Ca(OH)2 ionizes as a weak base Classify each formula and write an equation. strong acid weak base weak acid acid anhydride strong base basic anhydride. NH2- Strong base NH2- + H2O NH3 + OH- CN- Weak base CN- + H2O ⇄ HCN + OH- NaOH Strong base NaOH CaO Basic anhydride CaO + H2O Ca(OH)2 CO32- Na+ ⇄ + OH- Ca(OH)2 Ca2+ + 2OH- Classify each formula and write an equation. strong acid weak base weak acid acid anhydride strong base basic anhydride. NH2- Strong base NH2- + H2O NH3 + OH- CN- Weak base CN- + H2O ⇄ HCN + OH- NaOH Strong base NaOH CaO Basic anhydride CaO + H2O Ca(OH)2 CO32- Weak base Na+ ⇄ + OH- Ca(OH)2 Ca2+ + 2OH- Classify each formula and write an equation. strong acid weak base weak acid acid anhydride strong base basic anhydride. NH2- Strong base NH2- + H2O NH3 + OH- CN- Weak base CN- + H2O ⇄ HCN + OH- NaOH Strong base NaOH CaO Basic anhydride CaO + H2O Ca(OH)2 CO32- Weak base Na+ ⇄ + OH- Ca(OH)2 Ca2+ + 2OH- CO32- + H2O ⇄ HCO3- + OH-
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