Download THE ANKLE AND FOOT

REVIEW of the ANKLE and
FOOT
Name the muscle and its
actions
• Flexor digitorum longus
• Actions:
– toe flexion
– plantar flexion,
– inversion of the foot
Name the three part of the
stance phase
• Heel-strike
• Mid-stance
• Toe-off
Calcaneus
Talus
Cuboid
Navicular
1st Cuneiform
Metatarsals
2nd Prox. Phalange
Distal Phalanges
• What muscle is most closely
associated with Anterior Compartment
Syndrome?
• Tibialis Anterior
Name the muscles and their
actions
• Extensor hallicus longus
• Actions:
– Extension of big toe
– Dorsiflexion
– Inversion of the foot
• Peroneous tertius
• Action:
– Dorsiflexion
– Eversion
Name the muscle and its
actions
• Tibialis anterior
• Actions:
– Dorsiflexion
– Inversion.
Name the muscle and its
actions
• Peroneus longus muscle
• Actions:
– Eversion
– Plantar flexion
Name the arch in the top picture and in the bottom
picture.
Lateral longitudinal arch
Medial longitudinal arch
Name the muscle and its
actions
• Flexor hallicus longus
• Actions:
– Flexion of the big toe
– Plantar flexion
– Inversion
Name the muscle and its
actions
• Peroneus longus muscle
• Actions:
– Eversion
– Plantar flexion
• Name the landmark
Lateral Malleolus
Name the ligament.
Deltoid Ligament
Name the muscle and its
actions
• Extensor digitorum longus
• Actions:
– Toe extension
– Dorsiflexion
– Eversion
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Calcaneus
Cuboid
5th metatarsal
Phalange
Lateral
malleolus
6. Tiba
Name the muscle its
two actions
• Gastrocnemius
• Actions:
– plantar flexion
– flexion of the knee
Name the arch
Transverse arch - anterior tarsal bones and the metatarsals.
5th metatarsal – 1st metatarsal
Name the muscle and
its actions
• Tibialis posterior
• Actions:
– plantar flexion
– inversion of the foot
Name the actions
?
Eversion
?
Inversion
Name the muscle and its
actions
• Flexor digitorum longus
• Actions:
– toe flexion
– plantar flexion,
– inversion of the foot
Name the action
• Plantar flexion
Name the muscle and its
actions
• Peroneus brevis
• Actions:
– Plantar flexion
– Eversion
Dorsi Flexion
1. Name the action
2. Name the action
Plantar Flexion
1. Name the muscle and its
actions
1
• Plantaris
• Action:
– plantar flexion
2. Name the muscle and its
actions
• Soleus
• Action:
– plantar flexion
2
Name the muscle and its
actions
• Soleus
• Action:
– plantar flexion
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
1 is the…?
Calcaneous
2 is the…?
Talus
3 is the…?
Navicular
4 is the…?
Cuboid
5 is the…?
First Cuneiform
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
6 is the…?
Second Cuneiform
7 is the…?
Third Cuneiform
8 is the…?
First metatarsal
9 is the…?
Proximal phalange
10 is the…?
Middle phalange
11 is the…?
Distal phalange
Name the muscle and its
actions
• Extensor hallicus longus
• Actions:
– Extension of big toe
– Dorsiflexion
– Inversion of the foot
• What muscle is most closely associated
with Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome?
• Tibalis Posterior.
• Name the arch colored in red.
• Lateral Longitudinal - calcaneous, cuboid,
and 4th and 5th metatarsals.
• Name the arch colored in green
• Medial Longitudinal - calcaneous, talus,
navicular, 3 cuneifroms, 3 medial
metatarsals
Name the muscle and its
actions
• Peroneus brevis
• Actions:
– Plantar flexion
– Eversion
Name the muscle and its
actions
• Tibialis anterior
• Actions:
– Dorsiflexion
– Inversion.
Name the muscle and its
actions
• Tibialis posterior
• Actions:
– plantar flexion
– inversion of the foot
1. What is Exertional Compartment Syndrome?
•
Excessive pressure inside one of the lower leg
compartment.
2. Why is it a serious injury?
• The blood supply can be compromised.
Name the muscle and its
actions
• Flexor hallicus longus
• Actions:
– Flexion of the big toe
– Plantar flexion
– Inversion
Name the muscle and its
actions
• Extensor digitorum longus
• Actions:
– Toe extension
– Dorsiflexion
– Eversion
Name the three arches of the
foot.
• Medial longitudinal arch
• Lateral longitudinal arch
• Transverse arch
Name the muscle its
two actions
• Gastrocnemius
• Actions:
– plantar flexion of the foot
– flexion of the knee
• Where is the plantar fascia found?
• On the plantar surface of the foot running from
the calcaneus to the metatarsals.
• What is plantar fasciitis?
• Plantar fasciitis is inflammation of the plantar
fascia.
Name the muscle and its
actions
• Tibialis posterior
• Actions:
– plantar flexion
– inversion of the foot
Name the landmark
Medial Malleolus
Name the muscle and its
actions
• Peroneous tertius
• Action:
– Dorsiflexion
– Eversion
Name the landmark
Medial Malleolus
Lateral Collateral Ligament
2
1
3
1.
2.
3.
Anterior
Talofibular
Posterior
Talofibular
Calcanofibular
• Name the landmark
Lateral Malleolus
• What is turf toe
• A sprain that occurs at the metatarsal
phalangeal joint of the great toe.
• What action is associated with truf toe?
• Extension or hyperextion of the great toe.
Name the muscle and its
actions
• Peroneus longus muscle
• Actions:
– Eversion
– Plantar flexion
Name the muscle and its
actions
• Peroneous tertius
• Action:
– Dorsiflexion
– Eversion
Name the muscle and its
actions
• Flexor hallicus longus
• Actions:
– Flexion of the big toe
– Plantar flexion
– Inversion
Name the action
• Inversion
• Name them all
1. Calcaneous
2. Talus
3. Navicular
4. Cuboid
5. First Cuneiform
6.Second Cuneiform
7.Third Cuneiform
8. Third Metatarsal (and
Fifth Metatarsal)
Name the landmark
Medial malleolus
Name the muscle and its
actions
• Plantaris
• Action: plantar flexion
1.
Talus
2.
3.
4.
Navicular
Cuboid
Intermediate (2nd)
cuneiform
5.
3rd metatarsal
6.
4th proximal
phalange
7.
8.
2nd middle phalange
1st distal phalange
Name the muscle and its
actions
• Extensor digitorum longus
• Actions:
– Toe extension
– Dorsiflexion
– Eversion
Lateral Collateral Ligament
Posterior
Talofibular
1
Anterior
Talofibular
2
3
Calcanofibular
• What do ankle sprains occur more to the lateral
ligaments?
• The medial malleolus is shorter than the lateral
mallelous so greater inversion than eversion can
occur
• Of the lateral ligments, which ligament is
sprained the most often?
• The anterior talofibular
• How are 1st, 2nd and 3rd degree different from
each other?
• 1st – stretched, 2nd – partial tear, and 3rd –
complete tear
Name the muscle and its
actions
• Flexor digitorum longus
• Actions:
– toe flexion
– plantar flexion,
– inversion of the foot
Name the muscle its
two actions
• Gastrocnemius
• Actions:
– plantar flexion
– flexion of the knee
Name the ligament.
Deltoid Ligament
• Middle phalange of the 3rd toe
• Proximal phalange of the 1st toe
• Distal phalange of the 5th toe
• 2nd Metatarsal
•
•
•
•
•
1st Cuniform
2nd Cuniform
3rd Cuniform
Navicular
Cubiod
• Talus
• Calcanious
Name the muscle and its
actions
• Extensor hallicus longus
• Actions:
– Extension of big toe
– Dorsiflexion
– Inversion of the foot
Name the muscle and its
actions
• Tibialis anterior
• Actions:
– Dorsiflexion
– Inversion.