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BONES AND SKELETAL
TISSUE
CHAPTER 6
Skeletal Cartilage

Hyaline cartilage

Elastic cartilage

Fibrocartilage
Microscopic View of Cartilage
Growth of Cartilage

Appositional growth=“from the outside”

Interstitial growth=“from within”
CLASSIFICATION OF BONE
Location
CLASSIFICATION OF BONE
Shape
BONE MARKINGS

Depressions and
Openings
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Fossa
Fissure
Foramen
Meatus
Canal
Groove
Sulcus
Sinus
BONE MARKINGS

Projections for
attachment
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Tuberosity
Crest
Trochanter
Line
Tubercle
Epicondyle
Spine
Process
BONE MARKINGS

Projections that
form joints



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Head
Facet
Condyle
Ramus
FUNCTIONS OF BONE

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Support
Protection
Movement
Storage
Hematopoiesis
GROSS ANATOMY OF
LONG BONES
GROSS ANATOMY OF
FLAT BONES
MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY OF
COMPACT BONE
MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY OF
COMPACT BONE
Composition of
Compact Bone

Cells




Osteoblasts
Osteocytes
Osteoclasts
Matrix


Osteoid (organic)
Hydroxapatites (inorganic)
Bone Physiology

Bone Formation

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Bone Growth

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Membranous ossification
Endochondral ossification
Longitudinal growth
Appositional growth
Bone Repair
BONE FORMATION
BONE FORMATION
BONE GROWTH: Length
BONE GROWTH: Width
HORMONAL CONTROL OF
BLOOD CALCIUM LEVELS
FRACTURES

Closed versus Open Treatments

Classification of Fractures
Simple versus Compound
 Transverse versus Linear
 Displaced versus Non-displaced
 Complete versus Incomplete

Types of Fractures
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Comminuted
Compressed
Depressed
Epiphyseal
Impacted
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Spiral
Greenstick
Colle’s
Pott’s
BONE REPAIR
BONE DISORDERS

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Osteomyelitis
Osteoporosis
Spina bifida
Achondroplasia
Acromegaly
Osteotitis
Scoliosis
Kyphosis
Lordosis
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
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Osteomalacia/Rickets
Osteoma
Osteotomy
Ostectomy
Ostalgia
Metastatic calcification
Spina bifida
Cleft palate
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Things to Know From Chapter 7




Name the major bones
Bone markings and their functions
Number of bones
Bone articulations
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