Download Ch7 Appendicular-Student-c-2017

PowerPoint® Lecture Slides
prepared by
Janice Meeking,
Mount Royal College
CHAPTER
7
The Skeleton:
Part C
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STUDENTS WILL DO THE FOLLOWING
SLIDES ON THEIR OWN
• MW Class
Slides To Do Prior To Wednesday of This Week: 4, 6
(A-1 and 2 only), 27, and 28
• WF Class
Do These Slides Prior To Friday of This Week: 4, 6 (A1 and 2 only), 8, 11, 12, 14, 15, 27, and 28
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Skeletal System Divisions
• Appendicular
• Axial
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PART 2
Appendicular Skeleton
I. INTRODUCTION
= Limbs
Pectoral girdle:
Pelvic girdle:
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Pectoral Girdle
Acromioclavicular
joint
Clavicle
Costoclavicular
Ligament
Caracoclavicular
Ligament
Scapula
(a) Articulated pectoral girdle
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Figure 7.24a
II. Pectoral Girdle
A. Introduction
1. Bones
PLAY
A&P Flix™: Bones of the pectoral girdle
2. Functions
• Attach:
• muscles
3. Glenohumeral Joint = Shoulder Joint:
• Type of joint
• Shallow Socket
• mobility
• Strength
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Clavicles
Sternal (medial)
end
Posterior
Anterior
Acromial (lateral)
end
(b) Right clavicle, superior view
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Figure 7.24b
B. Clavicles (Collarbones)
• Function:
Parts
• Acromial (lateral) end:
• Sternal (medial) end:
Superior View
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C. Scapulae
Acromion
Suprascapular notch
Superior border
Coracoid
process
Glenoid
cavity
Lateral border
Superior
angle
Subscapular
fossa
Medial border
(a) Right scapula, anterior aspect
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Inferior angle
Figure 7.25a
Suprascapular notch
Coracoid process
Superior
angle
Supraspinous
fossa
Spine
Infraspinous
fossa
Acromion
Glenoid
cavity
at lateral
angle
Medial border
Lateral border
(b) Right scapula, posterior aspect
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Figure 7.25b
C. Scapulae
Anterior
• Held in Place:
• Location: between ribs 2 and 7
• Shape: 3 borders & 2 angles
• Superior Border
• Vertebral Border
Posterior
• Axillary Border
• Superior Angle
• Inferior Angle
• Parts
• Glenoid Cavity– Glenohumeral Joint
• Supraglenoid & Infraglenoid tubercles
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Scapula Parts …
Anterior
• Spine
•
Lateral
• Fossae
• General Functions:
• Subscapular Fossa
• Supraspinous
Fossa
Spine
• Infraspinous Fossa
Posterior
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Acromion
Supraspinous fossa
Supraglenoid
tubercle
Coracoid
process
Supraspinous
fossa
Infraspinous
fossa
Posterior
Spine
Glenoid
cavity
Infraspinous
fossa
Infraglenoid
tubercle
Subscapular
fossa
Anterior
(c) Right scapula, lateral aspect
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Subscapular
fossa
Inferior angle
Figure 7.25c
Scapula parts …
• Coracoid Process–
•
• Suprasapular Notch–
Anterior
• Acromion Process
• Acromioclavicular Joint
• Ligaments
• Acromioclavicular- weak
Posterior
Acromioclavicuar
joint
• Caracoclavicular-
Clavicle
Scapula
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Caracoclavicular
Ligament
III The Upper Limb
A. Introduction
• 30 bones
• Arm = Humerus
• Most movable joint
• Forearm = Radius and ulna
• Hand: Carpals, Metacarpals, and
Phalanx bones = 27
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B. HUMERUS
1. Parts– Articulations
• Head:
• Condyles:
• Capitulum
•
• Trochlea
•
2. Parts
• Anatomical Neck:
•
• Surgical Neck:
•
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Humerus Parts …
• Greater & Lesser Tubercle–
•
•
• Intertubercular Sulcus (Groove)– furrow
• Passage of Biceps Brachii tendon
• Deltoid tuberosity
• Radial Groove
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Anterior
• Condyles For Elbow Joint
• Capitulum
• Trochlea
• Medial Epicondyle (large)
• Lateral Epicondyle (small)
• Medial Supracondylar Ridge
• Lateral Supracondylar Ridge
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Posterior
Humerus Parts …
Posterior
• Olecranon Fossa –
• Coronoid Fossa
• Radial Fossa
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Anterior
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Greater
tubercle
Lesser
tubercle
Intertubercular
sulcus
Head of
humerus
Anatomical
neck
Deltoid
tuberosity
Lateral
supracondylar
ridge
Radial
fossa
Capitulum
(a) Anterior view
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Coronoid
fossa
Medial
epicondyle
Trochlea
Figure 7.26a
C. Bones of the Forearm
• Radius
• Ulna
Radial
notch of
the ulna
Head
Neck
Radial
tuberosity
Olecranon
process
Trochlear
notch
Coronoid
process
Proximal
radioulnar
joint
Interosseous
membrane
Ulna
Head of
radius
Neck of
radius
Radius
Ulnar notch
Radius
of the radius
Head of ulna
Styloid
Styloid
process of ulna
process
Distal radioulnar
Styloid process
of radius
joint
of radius
(a) Anterior view
(b) Posterior view
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Figure 7.27a-b
1. ULNA
Posterior
Posterior
• The following parts articulate with
humerus to form the Elbow Joint
• Olecranon Process– Elbow;
Anterior
• Trochlear Notch–
• Coronoid Process–
•
Anterior
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“
Ulna …
• Radial Notch–
• Proximal Radioulnar Joint
• Head– at distal end
• Styloid Process
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Anterior
2. Radius
Anterior
• rotates over Ulna
• Head (proximal end) articulates
with:
• Radial Tuberosity
• Interosseous membrane
•
Anterior
• Ulnar Notch
• Distal Radioulnar Joint
• Styloid Process
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Ulnar Notch
ARM & FOREARM BONE ARTICULATIONS
Carrying Angle:
Humerus
Capitulum
Coronoid
fossa
Medial
epicondyle
Trochlea
Coronoid
process of
ulna
Radial notch
Ulna
(c) Anterior view at the elbow region
Head of
radius
Radial
tuberosity
Radius
Humerus
Olecranon
process
Olecranon
fossa
Lateral
epicondyle
Medial
epicondyle
Head
Ulna
Neck
Radius
(d) Posterior view of extended elbow
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Figure 7.26c-d
D. Hand: Carpus
1. Carpals:
- Flexor Retinaculum:
- forms a carpal tunnel
• Proximal row– left to right, Anatomical Position
• Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, and pisiform (located on
the triquetrum anteriorly)
Sally Left The Party (So Long To Pinky)
• Distal row– left to right
(Is backwards)
• Trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate
To Take Cindy Home (Here Comes The Thumb)
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1. Carpals …
• Radiocarpal Joint, Wrist Joint =
2. Metacarpus– metacarpal bones
• #1(thumb) to #5
3. Phalanges = bones of fingers
• 1 digit = phalanges—
• distal, middle, and proximal
• Fingers= 1(Pollex)
• Pollex: no middle phalanx
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Phalanges
• Distal
• Middle
• Proximal
Sesamoid
bones
Carpals
• Trapezium
• Trapezoid
• Scaphoid
Radius
(a) Anterior view of left hand
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Metacarpals
• Head
• Shaft
• Base
Carpals
• Hamate
• Capitate
• Pisiform
• Triquetrum
• Lunate
Ulna
Carpals
• Trapezium
• Trapezoid
• Scaphoid
Radius
(b) Posterior view of left hand
Figure 7.28a-b
END
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Olecranon process
Trochlear notch
View
Coronoid process
Radial notch
(c) Proximal portion of ulna,
lateral view
Ulnar notch of radius
Articulation
for lunate
Articulation
for scaphoid
Styloid
process
View
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Styloid
Head
of ulna process
(d) Distal ends of the radius and
ulna at the wrist
Figure 7.27c-d
BONE MARKINGS
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