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Introduction to Project Management Agenda • • • • • • • • • Introduction Projects - Attributes and Challenges Project Management Project Management Framework – PMI Project Management Certifications (PMP / CAPM) Project Management Software Project Success Factors Traditional and Agile Takeaways Project Management 2 Introduction • In any Economy the significant part of the growth is achieved through Economic activities in Project Mode / Mission Critical Project Mode. • Any Project of reasonable complexity can only be Planned, Managed and Delivered through Project Management Tools & Techniques which is enabled through Technologies. • When a project and program management mindset is embedded into an organization’s DNA, performance improves and competitive advantage accelerates. • The projects of high-performing organizations successfully meet goals two–and–a–half times more often (90 percent vs. 36 percent), and these organizations waste 13 times less money than their lowperforming counterparts.** Source: PMI: Pulse of the Profession 2015: Capturing the Value of Project Management 2015 Project Management 3 Operations and Projects • Organizations perform work, classified into either operations or projects with common characteristics like People perform both the activities. Both are constrained by limited resources. Both are planned, executed, and controlled. • Operations are ongoing and repetitive whereas projects are temporary and unique. • Projects are often implemented as a means of achieving an organization’s strategic plan they are critical for the organizations growth like Developing a new product or service. Effecting a change in structure, staffing, or style of an organization. Developing a new or modified information system. Implementing a new business procedure or process. Project Management 4 Project Attributes • A project: Has a unique purpose Is temporary Is developed using progressive elaboration Requires resources, often from various areas Should have a primary customer or sponsor The project sponsor usually provides the direction and funding for the project Involves uncertainty / evolutionary in nature A project is a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product or service or result. Requires the adoption of a specific management philosophy and distinct technical skills Project Management 5 Project Types Development project is like building a house as per need of the customer Enhancement project is like extension of an existing building Maintenance project is like repairing an existing building Conversion project is like changing an existing feature e.g. moving to tiled flooring Package Implementation project resembles purchase of ready-made apartments with limited customization. Project Management 6 Possible issues in Projects • • • • • Schedule Delay Cost Overrun HR Management Risk Management Communication • Primary constraints are Scope (what work to be done?) Time (how long to complete?) Budget (what should it cost?) Project manager’s duty to balance these 3 often-competing goals and satisfy the project’s sponsor!. Project Management 7 Challenges • While the focus is ensuring project delivery, statistics show projects are often not delivered / delivered after missing several target dates with huge cost overrun. • Gartner group of 2011 said that projects were still failing at the rate of 70% - 80% • Most Common Causes of Project Failure: • Changing priorities within organization – 40% Inaccurate requirements – 38% Change in project objectives – 35% Undefined risks/opportunities – 30% Poor communication – 30% Inadequate sponsor support – 29% Inaccurate task time estimate – 27% Inexperienced project manager – 20% Top Contributors to Large IT Project Failure: Unclear objectives/lack of business focus Unrealistic schedule/reactive planning Shifting requirements/technical complexity Unaligned team/missing skills Unexplained causes Source: PMI: Pulse of the Profession 2015: Capturing the Value of Project Management 2015 Challenges Project Management 9 Project Management • Clients initiate a project to achieve business benefit • Clients’ expectations are Project management is the discipline Problem solving of planning, organizing, motivating, and controlling resources to achieve Value delivery specific goals. Risk Management • Client Concerns Benefits Transition Risk • Project focus Schedule Cost Risk Scope Project Management 10 Why formal Project Management? Focus on activities involving skills, resources and cost • • • • • • Higher quality and increased reliability. Improved customer relations. Better control of financial, physical, and resources. Shorter development times leading to lower costs. Higher profit margins with improved productivity. Better internal coordination and teamwork leading to higher worker morale (less stress). Project Management 11 PERT – CPM Technique Project Breakdown structure Essential six steps of PERT – CPM Technique Planning, Scheduling (or organizing) and Control are considered to be basic Managerial functions of Project Manager. A Typical PERT/CPM Diagram •Define the Project in terms of all of it’s significant activities or tasks. •Develop the relationships ( precedence) among the activities. •Draw the "Network" connecting all the activities. Use Dummy Activities if needed to maintain Precedence •Assign time and/ resource or cost estimates to each activity •Compute the longest time path through the network - Critical Path •Use the Network to plan, schedule, monitor progress and control the project Project Management 12 Project Management Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) Fifth Edition from Project Management Institute (PMI) of USA Project management is the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities to meet project requirements.” (PMBOK) Source: http://www.pmi.org Project Management 13 Project Management Framework Process Groups 1. Initiating 2. Planning 3. Executing 4. Monitoring and Control 5. Closing Knowledge Areas 1. Project Integration Management 2. Project Scope Management 3. Project Time Management 4. Project Cost Management 5. Project Quality Management 6. Project Human Resource Management 7. Project Communications Management 8. Project Risk Management 9. Project Procurement Management 10.Project Stakeholders Management Source: http://www.pmi.org Project Management 14 The Project Management Profession • Professional societies such as the Project Management Institute (PMI) have grown significantly. • There are specific interest groups in many areas, such as engineering, financial services, health care, and IT. • Project management research and certification programs continue to grow. • PMI provides certification as a Project Management Professional (PMP). • A PMP has documented sufficient project experience, agreed to follow a code of ethics, and passed the PMP exam. Source: www.pmiwbc.org www.pmi.org Project Management 15 PMP Certification Project Management 16 Source: http://www.pmi.org PMP Certification Advantages PMP is one of the best professional credential in the field of Project Management. The Project Management Guidelines, Methodologies, tools and techniques, and the entire framework provide a more holistic view of project management, enriching your knowledge. According to Foote Partners LLC, an IT workforce research company, projects managed by people who are not PMP certified project managers have only 25% success rate in contrast to 75% success rate of projects handled by PMP certified managers. Why should I go for PMP certification? A professional with a PMP certification is recognized worldwide to handle projects with diligence and constructive approach and enhances your marketability Certifies your expertise in project understanding, time management, risk management, quality control, leadership, budgeting, communication, documentation and integration Increased Earnings - contributes to Higher Billing Rate Better career opportunities to someone who is PMP certified and all of these skills add value to the organization Improved Project Management Skills Professional Validation of your Experience & Competence; a PMP credential gives you the most sought after appreciation and visibility within your organization. Source: http://www.pmchamp.com/benefits-of-pmp-certification/ Project Management 17 How does it help me ? Graduates from specialized MBA programs may become full-time project management professionals in a variety of industries, A degree isn't absolutely necessary for a career in project management. However, it can certainly enhance your resume. A degree may increase your chances of getting an entry level position. It may also help you to advance in your career. Indian IT companies value PMP more then MBA because PMP is more tailored for their requirements then an MBA (for Delivery streams). For Consulting streams MBAs are preferred over PMP as you need broader skills. Source: http://www.excite.com/education/business/project-management/mba Project Management 18 Certified Associate in Project Management (CAPM) Certification Source: http://www.pmi.org Project Management 19 Project Management Software • Enterprise PM software integrates information from multiple projects to show the status of active, approved, and future projects across an entire organization. • It also provides links to more detailed information on each project. • Many managers report status in color – Red, Yellow, and Green (RAG) Project Management 20 Microsoft Project (MS Project) • Project management software program, designed to assist a PM in developing a plan, assigning resources to tasks, tracking progress, managing the budget, and analyzing workloads. • Microsoft Project and Microsoft Project Server are the cornerstones of the Microsoft Office Enterprise Project Management (EPM) product. • Microsoft Project Professional and Project Server 2013 have been officially available since the beginning of March 2013 Project Management 21 SAP PS - Project Systems Functionality Structures Capacities Project Structures Project Planning Project Budgeting Material Analysis Project Information System Scheduling & Execution Project Period End Closing Progress Analysis Project Analysis & Reporting Project Management Controlling A L V Proj. summarizatio n 22 PRIMAVERA – Project Management Structuring Projects 1. Setting-up and define EPS (Enterprise Project Structure). 2. Add a project to the EPS hierarchy. 3. Defining WBS (Work breakdown structure) to the Project. (EPS) Enterprise Project Structure 4. Defining OBS (Organizational breakdown structure) Projects 5. Defining Resources. 6. Create Calendar for Activities & Resources. (WBS) Work Breakdown Structure 7. Add activities to WBS. 8. Input activity details. Activities 9. Schedule project. 10. Updating progress after project starts. 11. Preview / Print reports (Default / Custom made reports). Project Management (OBS) Organisational Breakdown Structures 23 Project Success Factors* 1. Executive support 2. User involvement 3. Experienced project manager 4. Clear business objectives 5. Ring fencing scope 6. Standard software infrastructure 7. Firm basic requirements 8. Formal methodology 9. Reliable estimates 10. Other criteria, such as small milestones, proper planning, competent staff, and ownership *The Standish Group, “Extreme CHAOS” (2001). Project Management 24 Traditional and Agile Every project must Develop a scope of work Estimate the time and cost of the project Allocate resources Conduct a risk assessment Traditional Gathers all the requirements affront Plan driven Agile Adaptive – accommodating to newer or different conditions to deliver the true end goals of the products Iterative and incremental delivery with focus on maximizing value delivery Progressive elaboration or rolling-wave planning Flipping the Iron triangle Source: Agile Project Management - Jim Highsmith Project Management Iterative and Incremental delivery - Scrum Project Management 26 Source: Agile Project Management - Jim Highsmith Takeaways • As the number and complexity of projects continue to grow, it is becoming even more important to practice good project management. • A project has several attributes, such as being unique, temporary and developed incrementally. • A framework for project management includes project stakeholders, the ten knowledge areas, tools and techniques, and creating project portfolios to ensure enterprise success. • Successful project managers must possess and development many skills and lead their teams by example. • The project management profession continues to mature as more people become certified and more tools are created. 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