Download Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells

Cells: History, Structure
and Function
Unit 5
Observation vs. Inference
 Observation: what you observe using your five senses
(see, smell, hear, touch, taste)
 Observations are objective (unbiased)
 Examples:
 Inference: Applying what you know (background
knowledge) to what you are observing or experiencing
with your senses. Inferences are subjective (biased).
Examples:
 Science is made up of observations and inferences
Video
 Write down two observations
 Write down two inferences
 http://www.studiodaily.com/main/technique/tproject
s/6850.html
Video
 Observations:
 Inferences:
What came first: the discovery of
cells or the invention of
microscopes?
Microscopes!
Who saw the first cells?
In 1665, Robert Hooke looked at cork cells under a
microscope. What was he really looking
at?__________________.
(remember… Capt. Hook wanted to lock Peter Pan
in a jail cell)
German discoveries
 Matthias Schleiden: “All plants are made of cells”
 Theodor Schwann: “All animals are made of cells”
 Rudolf Virchow: “New cells can only be made by cells
that divide”
 These discoveries led to the Cell Theory
Cell Theory
1. All living things are made of cells.
2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in
living things.
3. New cells are produced from existing cells.
Unicellular vs. Multicellular
 All living things are made of cells
 Unicellular Organism: made of only one cell
 Examples:
 Multicellular Organism: made of many cells
 Examples:
 What are the advantages of each?
Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes
 Prokaryote: No nucleus
 Genetic material is not contained in a nucleus in
prokaryotic cells.
 Examples:
 Eukaryote: Has a nucleus & organelles
 Eukaryotic cells keep genetic material in a nucleus,
separate from the rest of the cell.
 Think: Eukaryote= has everything in envelopes
 Examples:
Who came first?
 Earth’s first cells were prokaryotes.
 Eukaryotes evolved from prokaryotes
 Endosymbiotic Theory: A theory that the
mitochondria and chloroplasts of eukaryotes originated
as free-living prokaryotes that were engulfed (taken in)
by primitive eukaryotic cells and become established
as permanent symbionts in the cytoplasm
 Do you think prokaryotes or eukaryotes are more
abundant on earth?
Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic
Origin of Eukaryotes
Classification: 6 Kingdoms
Living Organisms
Prokaryotes
(No nucleus or
organelles)
Archaebacteria
Eubacteria
Eukaryotes
(Has a nucleus and organelles)
Plants
Fungi
Animals
Protists
Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes
 Prokaryotes: Bacteria
 All Single-celled (unicellular)
 Eukaryotes: Animals, Plants, Fungi, & Protists
 Unicellular OR Multicellular
Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic?
Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic?
Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic?
Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic?
Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic?
Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic?
Prokaryotic
Cell
Eukaryotic
Cell
Practice: Posters
 At your tables, construct:
 Prokaryotic Cell
 Eukaryotic Cell
 Include information on your poster:
 Examples of prokaryotes/eukaryotes
 Answer the question about prokaryotes and
eukaryotes: Are they unicellular or multicellular or
both?
 Who came first: Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes?
 Are prokaryotes or eukaryotes more abundant on
earth?
Assignment: Complete the Venn
Diagram showing the similarities and
differences between Prokaryotic and
Eukaryotic cells
Use the following words:
Nucleus
Endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
Lysosomes
Vacuoles
Mitochondria
Cytoskeleton
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes