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Schematics of the measurement of aortic valve area in aortic stenosis (AS). Because blood is incompressible flow is constant through the left ventricular outflow tract (area A1) through the aortic orifice (area A2). Thus the aortic stenosis manifested itself by increased velocity (V2 > V1). Flow is equal to area multiplied by velocity aortic valve area A2 = (A1 × V1)/V2. (Reproduced by the courtesy of FA Miller.) Source: Chapter 11. Echocardiography in Cardiac Surgery, Cardiac Surgery in the Adult, 4e Citation: Cohn LH. Cardiac Surgery in the Adult, 4e; 2012 Available at: http://mhmedical.com/ Accessed: June 10, 2017 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved