Download Characteristic of Animals

Characteristic of Animals
Do you have any animals as pets at
home?
Animals
• The Animal Kingdom is divided into 35 different
phyla.
• These phyla can be divided up into invertebrate
and vertebrate based on internal and external
physical characteristics.
• All animals share several common
characteristics:
– Bodies are multi-cellular
– They are heterotrophs, which means they cannot
make their own food, and must get their energy by
eating plants or other animals.
– Their major functions are to obtain food and oxygen
for energy, keep their internal conditions in balance,
move, and reproduction.
Invertebrates
Land Invertebrates
Marine
Invertebrates
Are invertebrates good to
eat?
Invertebrates
• Animals without backbones. There are
many more invertebrates than vertebrates.
90% of all animals are invertebrates. The
largest group of invertebrates are the
arthropods.
Sponges
Have you ever held a
marine sponge?
Sponges
• Sponges are very simple animals that
have many pores (holes) through which
water flows. Water moves into a central
cavity and out through a hole in the top.
Sponges obtain their food and eliminate
wastes through this passage of water.
They live in fresh or salt water.
Segmented worms
Segmented Worms
• long tube-like bodies that are divided into
segments.
• They are the simplest organisms with a
true nervous system.
• A long digestive tube runs down the length
of the worm’s inside body.
• Examples of segmented worms are
earthworms and leeches.
• Worms digest pieces of plant and animal
matter from the soil and excrete what is
left.
• A worm’s feeding and burrowing activity
adds nutrients and oxygen to the soil.
Echinoderms
If you cut a leg off of
this star fish will it
grow back?
Echinoderms
• (spiny skinned)
• arms that extend from the middle body
outwards.
• They have tube feet and spines.
• Examples are starfish, brittle stars, sea
cucumbers, and sea urchins.
• Sea Stars feed on clams, snails, and even
other echinoderms.
Arthropods
Have
you ever
been
stung?
Arthropods
• have jointed legs with have segmented bodies and some
have wings.
• live on land and in water;
• have hard outer coverings called exoskeletons,
– Exoskeletons: strong outer shell- completely covers the body.
Arthropods shed their exoskeletons because they do not grow
with the animal. This process is called molting.
• Examples are insects, spiders, and crustaceans.
• Obtain oxygen through gills or air tubes.
• Insects have 6 legs. Most are beetles.
• Spiders have 8 legs and are called arachnids.
Mollusks
What is the name of
this creature?
Mollusks
• have soft bodies.
• live in salt or fresh water or on land
• Most have a thick muscular foot for
movement or to open and close their
shells.
• Well developed body systems with a brain
and nerves.
• Examples include snails, octopuses and
squids.
Vertebrates
Have you ever seen any of these animals in
person?
Vertebrates
• Animals with backbones.
• Vertebrates share other physical characteristics; for
example, a protective skin covering, an inside
skeleton, muscles, blood that circulates through
blood vessels, or lungs (or gills) for breathing.
• Most have legs or fins for movement and a nervous
system with brains that process information from
their environments through sensory organs, for
example eyes, such as ears or tongues.
• Vertebrates also contain many highly developed
systems associated with their specialized organs.
There are thousands of species of vertebrates
divided into five groups—fish, amphibians, reptiles,
mammals, and birds.
Vertebrates differ in the way that
they control their body temperature.
• Ectothermic = cold blooded = their body
temperature is close to that of their
environment  fish, amphibians, and
reptiles
• Endothermic = warm blooded = their body
temperature stays constant regardless of
the temperature of their environment.
birds and mammals.
Fish
Have you ever caught a fish? If yes, can
you name a characteristic it had?
Fish
•
•
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•
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Backbones
Most diverse group of vertebrates.
are cold-blooded (ectothermic)
obtain dissolved oxygen in water through gills
most lay eggs;
have scales; have fins; and live in water.
There are three major types of fish,
cartilaginous, bony, and jawless.
– Examples of cartilaginous fish are sharks and rays.
– Examples of bony fishes are tuna, salmon, and
goldfishes.
– Examples of jawless fishes are lampreys and hagfishtube-like bodies.
Amphibians
Do you know what this frog looked like
as a baby?
Amphibians
• Backbones
• are cold-blooded (ectothermic)
• can breathe in water with gills early in life, and
breathe on land with lungs as adults
• go through metamorphosis- tadpole to adult
frog/toad.
• lay jelly-like eggs.
• The major groups of amphibians are frogs, toads
and salamanders.
• Frogs and salamanders have smooth, moist
skin, through which they can breathe; and live
part of their life in water and part on land.
• Toads have thicker, bumpy skin and live on land.
Reptiles
What does this alligator eat?
Reptiles
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•
•
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Reptiles have backbones
are cold-blooded (ectothermic)
breathe with lungs
most lay eggs, although in some the eggs
hatch inside the female
• and have scales or plates.
• Examples: turtles, snakes, alligators,
crocodiles
Mammals
Are there mammals in this room?
Mammals
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•
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Mammals have backbones;
are warm-blooded (endothermic);
breathe with lungs;
Females have babies that are born alive;
have fur or hair;
and females produce milk to feed their
young.
Birds
Winter Wren
Can you guess which State this bird is
recognized as the “State Bird?”
Birds
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•
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Birds have backbones;
are warm-blooded (endothermic);
breathe with lungs;
lay eggs;
have feathers;
and have a beak, two wings, and two feet.
Which do you think would win?
Invertebrates
Or
Vertebrates
Citations
• Streamline ETV, Vertebrate and
Invertebrates, 2002.(etall)
Google, Visual Content on Vertebrates and Invertebrates, 2007