Download 7.P.2A.2 Notes

Organization of Matter Unit Study Guide 1 of 4 (8/22 – 9/26)
Name_____________________________________________ Unit Test on 9/29/2016
7.P.2.A.2 All substances are composed of one or more elements. Elements are pure substances
which contain only one kind of atom. The periodic table organizes these elements based on similar
properties. Compounds are substances composed of two or more elements. Chemical formulas can
be used to describe compounds.
Periodic Table
1. What is the periodic table? Chart used to organize all of the elements according to their properties
2. What are the components of the periodic table? A square for each element with the name,
chemical/element symbol, atomic number, and atomic mass.
3. Give an example.
Chemical/Element Symbols
4. Each element has a different symbol.
5. Symbols are written with one, two, or three letters.
6. How is the first letter of the element symbol always written? The first letter is always capitalized
7. Complete the following chart of element names and symbols.
Element Name
Symbol
Element Name
Hydrogen
H
Silicone
Carbon
C
Copper
Nitrogen
N
Aluminum
Oxygen
O
Silver
Chlorine
Cl
Gold
Magnesium
Mg
Iron
Zinc
Zn
Helium
Calcium
Ca
Potassium
Phosphorus
P
Sodium
Iodine
I
Fluorine
Symbol
Si
Cu
Al
Ag
Au
Fe
He
K
Na
F
Atomic Number
8. The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of protons.
9. The atomic number is a whole number.
10. The atomic number is always the same for a given element.
11. The elements on the periodic table are arranged numerically by increasing atomic number.
Atomic Mass
12. True or False. The atomic mass is an average sum of the number of the protons and the number of neutrons
in the nucleus of the atom.
13. Since the atomic mass of an element is an average, it is usually not a whole number.
Organization of Matter Unit Study Guide 1 of 4 (8/22 – 9/26)
Name_____________________________________________ Unit Test on 9/29/2016
Periods
14. A horizontal row on the periodic table is called a period.
Families
15. Families, also called groups, are vertical columns of elements on the periodic table.
16. They are numbered 1-18.
17. Elements in the same family have similar properties.
18. Give an example. Group 18 - Noble Gases; outer shell maxed out; do not readily form compounds
(react); stable
Metals, Nonmetals and Metalloids
Metalloids
19. There is a zigzag line on the right side of the periodic table that separates the metals from the
nonmetals. Metalloids are found along this zigzag line.
20. Elements identified as metalloids have properties (characteristics) of both metals and
nonmetals.
Metals
21. Metals are generally located on the left side of the zigzag line.
22. Examples of metals are: Sodium (Na), Calcium (Ca), Iron (Fe), and Aluminum (Al).
23. The majority of elements are metals.
Nonmetals
24. Nonmetals, with the exception of Hydrogen (H), are located on the right side of the zigzag line on the
periodic table.
25. Examples of nonmetals are: Chlorine (Cl), Oxygen (O), Sulfur (S), and Iodine (I).
Organization of Matter Unit Study Guide 1 of 4 (8/22 – 9/26)
Name_____________________________________________ Unit Test on 9/29/2016
7.P.2.A.2 All substances are composed of one or more elements. Elements are pure substances
which contain only one kind of atom. The periodic table organizes these elements based on similar
properties. Compounds are substances composed of two or more elements. Chemical formulas can
be used to describe compounds.
Periodic Table
1. What is the periodic table?
2. What are the components of the periodic table?
3. Give an example.
Chemical/Element Symbols
4. Each element has a different __________________________.
5. Symbols are written with ______________, ______________, or _____________letters.
6. How is the first letter of the element symbol always written?
7. Complete the following chart of element names and symbols.
Element Name
Symbol
Element Name
Hydrogen
H
Carbon
C
Copper
N
Aluminum
Oxygen
O
Silver
Chlorine
Cl
Gold
Magnesium
Iron
Zinc
Zn
Ca
Potassium
Phosphorus
P
Sodium
I
Fluorine
Symbol
Si
Al
He
Na
Atomic Number
8. The atomic number of an element is _____________to the number of _________________.
9. The atomic number is a __________________________number.
10. The atomic number is _______________the _____________________for a given element.
11. The elements on the periodic table are arranged _____________by _____________atomic number.
Atomic Mass
12. True or False. The atomic mass is an average sum of the number of the protons and the number of neutrons
in the nucleus of the atom.
13. Since the atomic mass of an element is an average, it is usually ____________________a whole number.
Organization of Matter Unit Study Guide 1 of 4 (8/22 – 9/26)
Name_____________________________________________ Unit Test on 9/29/2016
Periods
14. A _________________row on the periodic table is called a ____________________.
Families
15. Families, also called ____________________, are ____________________columns of elements on
the periodic table.
16. They are numbered ____________________.
17. Elements in the ____________________family have ____________________properties.
18. Give an example.
Metals, Nonmetals and Metalloids
Metalloids
19. There is a ____________________line on the ____________________side of the periodic table that
separates the ____________________from the ____________________.
____________________are found along this zigzag line.
20. Elements identified as metalloids have properties (characteristics) of ____________________metals and
nonmetals.
Metals
21. Metals are generally located on the ____________________side of the zigzag line.
22. Examples of metals are: ____________________ (Na), ____________________ (Ca),
____________________ (Fe), and ____________________ (Al).
23. The majority of elements are ____________________.
Nonmetals
24. Nonmetals, with the exception of ____________________ (H), are located on the
____________________side of the zigzag line on the periodic table.
25. Examples of nonmetals are: ____________________ (Cl), ____________________ (O),
____________________ (S), and ____________________ (I).